Beam Failure Recovery in Carrier Aggregation

ABSTRACT

Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for wireless communications. A base station may send, to a wireless device, one or more configuration parameters of a primary cell and a secondary cell. The one or more configuration parameters may comprise: a first preamble for a first beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure of the primary cell, and a second preamble for a second BFR procedure of the secondary cell. The wireless device may send the first preamble via a time-frequency resource associated with the primary cell to perform the first BFR procedure. The wireless device may send the second preamble via a time-frequency resource associated with the primary cell to perform the second BFR.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/628,615, titled “Beam Failure Recovery Procedure in CarrierAggregation” and filed on Feb. 9, 2018; U.S. Patent Application No.62/628,609, titled “Monitoring Beam Failure Recovery Request Response inCarrier Aggregation” and filed on Feb. 9, 2018; and U.S. PatentApplication No. 62/629,936, titled “Resource Association for BeamFailure Recovery Transmission in Carrier Aggregation” and filed on Feb.13, 2018. Each of the above-referenced applications is herebyincorporated by reference in its entirety.

BACKGROUND

Wireless communications may incur beam failures. An insufficientresponse to a beam failure may decrease the reliability of a wirelessdevice. It is desired to improve wireless communications by improvingresponses to beam failures without adversely increasing signalingoverhead or interference, increasing power consumption, and/ordecreasing spectral efficiency.

SUMMARY

The following summary presents a simplified summary of certain features.The summary is not an extensive overview and is not intended to identifykey or critical elements.

Systems, apparatuses, and methods are described for enhanced beamfailure recovery procedures, including beam failure recovery (BFR)procedures of a secondary cell. A wireless device may initiate a randomaccess procedure associated with a primary cell, for example, if itdetects a beam failure of a secondary cell. If the secondary cell isdeactivated, the wireless device may abort the random access procedureassociated with the primary cell The base station may introduce anassociation between random access resources for the BFR procedure of thesecondary cell and one or more candidate beams of the secondary cellsuch that the base station may distinguish the candidate beam selectedby the wireless device for the secondary cell BFR procedure. By using aparticular control resource set, the wireless device can inform the basestation of a candidate beam selection.

These and other features and advantages are described in greater detailbelow.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Some features are shown by way of example, and not by limitation, in theaccompanying drawings. In the drawings, like numerals reference similarelements.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an example radio access network (RAN)architecture.

FIG. 2A shows a diagram of an example user plane protocol stack.

FIG. 2B shows a diagram of an example control plane protocol stack.

FIG. 3 shows a diagram of an example wireless device and two basestations.

FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C and FIG. 4D show example diagrams for uplinkand downlink signal transmission.

FIG. 5A shows a diagram of an example uplink channel mapping and exampleuplink physical signals.

FIG. 5B shows a diagram of an example downlink channel mapping andexample downlink physical signals.

FIG. 6 shows a diagram of an example transmission time and/or receptiontime for a carrier.

FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B show diagrams of example sets of orthogonalfrequency division multiplexing (OFDM) subcarriers.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of example OFDM radio resources.

FIG. 9A shows a diagram of an example channel state informationreference signal (CSI-RS) and/or synchronization signal (SS) blocktransmission in a multi-beam system.

FIG. 9B shows a diagram of an example downlink beam managementprocedure.

FIG. 10 shows an example diagram of configured bandwidth parts (BWPs).

FIG. 11A, and FIG. 11B show diagrams of an example multi connectivity.

FIG. 12 shows a diagram of an example random access procedure

FIG. 13 shows a structure of example medium access control (MAC)entities.

FIG. 14 shows a diagram of an example RAN architecture.

FIG. 15 shows a diagram of example radio resource control (RRC) states.

FIG. 16A, FIG. 16B and FIG. 16C show examples of a MAC subheader.

FIG. 17A and FIG. 17B show examples of uplink/downlink (UL/DL) MACprotocol data unit (PDU).

FIG. 18A and FIG. 18B show examples of logical channel identifiers(LCIDs).

FIG. 19A and FIG. 19B show examples of secondary cell activation and/ordeactivation MAC control element (CE).

FIG. 20A and FIG. 20B show examples of a downlink beam failure.

FIG. 21 shows a diagram of example beam failure recovery (BFR)procedures for a primary cell.

FIG. 22A and FIG. 22B show diagrams of example BFR procedures for asecondary cell.

FIG. 23 shows examples of aborting a BFR procedure associated with asecondary cell via received downlink control information (DCI).

FIG. 24A and FIG. 24B show examples of secondary cell deactivation andaborting a random access procedure for the BFR procedure.

FIG. 25 shows a diagram of example BFR procedures for deactivating asecondary cell and continuing and/or aborting a BFR procedure.

FIG. 26 shows a diagram of example BFR procedures for a secondary celland selecting a reference signal (RS) configured on a primary cell.

FIG. 27 shows examples of quasi co-locating (QCL) a demodulatedreference signal (DM-RS) with a reference signal (RS) for the primarycell.

FIG. 28 shows examples of a wireless device monitoring a primary cellcontrol resource set (coreset) via a preconfigured RS.

FIG. 29 shows examples of monitoring one or more coresets for a primarycell and a secondary cell.

FIG. 30 shows a diagram of example BFR procedures for a secondary cell.

FIG. 31 shows examples of frequency division multiplexing (FDM)resources for candidate RSs of the primary cell and the secondary cell.

FIG. 32 shows examples of time division multiplexing (TDM) resources forcandidate RSs of the primary cell and the secondary cell.

FIG. 33 shows examples of code division multiplexing (CDM) resources forcandidate RSs of the primary cell and the secondary cell.

FIG. 34 shows examples of distributing the allocation of beam failurerecovery request (BFRQ) resources to one or more cells.

FIG. 35 shows example elements of a computing device that may be used toimplement any of the various devices described herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The accompanying drawings and descriptions provide examples. It is to beunderstood that the examples shown in the drawings and/or described arenon-exclusive and that there are other examples of how features shownand described may be practiced.

Examples are provided for operation of wireless communication systemswhich may be used in the technical field of multicarrier communicationsystems. More particularly, the technology described herein may relateto wireless communication systems in multicarrier communication systems.

The following acronyms are used throughout the drawings and/ordescriptions, and are provided below for convenience although otheracronyms may be introduced in the detailed description:

3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project

5GC 5G Core Network

ACK Acknowledgement

AMF Access and Mobility Management Function

ARQ Automatic Repeat Request

AS Access Stratum

ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit

BA Bandwidth Adaptation

BCCH Broadcast Control Channel

BCH Broadcast Channel

BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying

BWP Bandwidth Part

CA Carrier Aggregation

CC Component Carrier

CCCH Common Control CHannel

CDMA Code Division Multiple Access

CN Core Network

CP Cyclic Prefix

CP-OFDM Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex

C-RNTI Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier

CS Configured Scheduling

CSI Channel State Information

CSI-RS Channel State Information-Reference Signal

CQI Channel Quality Indicator

CSS Common Search Space

CU Central Unit

DC Dual Connectivity

DCCH Dedicated Control Channel

DCI Downlink Control Information

DL Downlink

DL-SCH Downlink Shared CHannel

DM-RS DeModulation Reference Signal

DRB Data Radio Bearer

DRX Discontinuous Reception

DTCH Dedicated Traffic Channel

DU Distributed Unit

EPC Evolved Packet Core

E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access

E-UTRAN Evolved-Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network

FDD Frequency Division Duplex

FPGA Field Programmable Gate Arrays

F1-C F1-Control plane

F1-U F1-User plane

gNB next generation Node B

HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest

HDL Hardware Description Languages

IE Information Element

IP Internet Protocol

LCID Logical Channel Identifier

LTE Long Term Evolution

MAC Media Access Control

MCG Master Cell Group

MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme

MeNB Master evolved Node B

MIB Master Information Block

MME Mobility Management Entity

MN Master Node

NACK Negative Acknowledgement

NAS Non-Access Stratum

NG CP Next Generation Control Plane

NGC Next Generation Core

NG-C NG-Control plane

ng-eNB next generation evolved Node B

NG-U NG-User plane

NR New Radio

NR MAC New Radio MAC

NR PDCP New Radio PDCP

NR PHY New Radio PHYsical

NR RLC New Radio RLC

NR RRC New Radio RRC

NSSAI Network Slice Selection Assistance Information

O&M Operation and Maintenance

OFDM orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

PBCH Physical Broadcast CHannel

PCC Primary Component Carrier

PCCH Paging Control CHannel

PCell Primary Cell

PCH Paging CHannel

PDCCH Physical Downlink Control CHannel

PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol

PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared CHannel

PDU Protocol Data Unit

PHICH Physical HARQ Indicator CHannel

PHY PHYsical

PLMN Public Land Mobile Network

PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator

PRACH Physical Random Access CHannel

PRB Physical Resource Block

PSCell Primary Secondary Cell

PSS Primary Synchronization Signal

pTAG primary Timing Advance Group

PT-RS Phase Tracking Reference Signal

PUCCH Physical Uplink Control CHannel

PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared CHannel

QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QFI Quality of Service Indicator

QoS Quality of Service

QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

RA Random Access

RACH Random Access CHannel

RAN Radio Access Network

RAT Radio Access Technology

RA-RNTI Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier

RB Resource Blocks

RBG Resource Block Groups

RI Rank indicator

RLC Radio Link Control

RRC Radio Resource Control

RS Reference Signal

RSRP Reference Signal Received Power

SCC Secondary Component Carrier

SCell Secondary Cell

SCG Secondary Cell Group

SC-FDMA Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access

SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol

SDU Service Data Unit

SeNB Secondary evolved Node B

SFN System Frame Number

S-GW Serving GateWay

SI System Information

SIB System Information Block

SMF Session Management Function

SN Secondary Node

SpCell Special Cell

SRB Signaling Radio Bearer

SRS Sounding Reference Signal

SS Synchronization Signal

SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal

sTAG secondary Timing Advance Group

TA Timing Advance

TAG Timing Advance Group

TAI Tracking Area Identifier

TAT Time Alignment Timer

TB Transport Block

TC-RNTI Temporary Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier

TDD Time Division Duplex

TDMA Time Division Multiple Access

TTI Transmission Time Interval

UCI Uplink Control Information

UE User Equipment

UL Uplink

UL-SCH Uplink Shared CHannel

UPF User Plane Function

UPGW User Plane Gateway

VHDL VHSIC Hardware Description Language

Xn-C Xn-Control plane

Xn-U Xn-User plane

Examples described herein may be implemented using various physicallayer modulation and transmission mechanisms. Example transmissionmechanisms may include, but are not limited to: Code Division MultipleAccess (CDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA),Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Wavelet technologies, and/or thelike. Hybrid transmission mechanisms such as TDMA/CDMA, and/or OFDM/CDMAmay be used.

Various modulation schemes may be used for signal transmission in thephysical layer. Examples of modulation schemes include, but are notlimited to: phase, amplitude, code, a combination of these, and/or thelike. An example radio transmission method may implement QuadratureAmplitude Modulation (QAM) using Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK),Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, and/orthe like.

Physical radio transmission may be enhanced by dynamically orsemi-dynamically changing the modulation and coding scheme, for example,depending on transmission requirements and/or radio conditions.

FIG. 1 shows an example Radio Access Network (RAN) architecture. A RANnode may comprise a next generation Node B (gNB) (e.g., 120A, 120B)providing New Radio (NR) user plane and control plane protocolterminations towards a first wireless device (e.g., 110A). A RAN nodemay comprise a base station such as a next generation evolved Node B(ng-eNB) (e.g., 120C, 120D), providing Evolved UMTS Terrestrial RadioAccess (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminationstowards a second wireless device (e.g., 110B). A first wireless device110A may communicate with a base station, such as a gNB 120A, over a Uuinterface. A second wireless device 110B may communicate with a basestation, such as an ng-eNB 120D, over a Uu interface.

A base station, such as a gNB (e.g., 120A, 120B, etc.) and/or an ng-eNB(e.g., 120C, 120D, etc.) may host functions such as radio resourcemanagement and scheduling, IP header compression, encryption andintegrity protection of data, selection of Access and MobilityManagement Function (AMF) at wireless device (e.g., User Equipment (UE))attachment, routing of user plane and control plane data, connectionsetup and release, scheduling and transmission of paging messages (e.g.,originated from the AMF), scheduling and transmission of systembroadcast information (e.g., originated from the AMF or Operation andMaintenance (O&M)), measurement and measurement reporting configuration,transport level packet marking in the uplink, session management,support of network slicing, Quality of Service (QoS) flow management andmapping to data radio bearers, support of wireless devices in aninactive state (e.g., RRC_INACTIVE state), distribution function forNon-Access Stratum (NAS) messages, RAN sharing, dual connectivity,and/or tight interworking between NR and E-UTRA.

One or more first base stations (e.g., gNBs 120A and 120B) and/or one ormore second base stations (e.g., ng-eNBs 120C and 120D) may beinterconnected with each other via Xn interface. A first base station(e.g., gNB 120A, 120B, etc.) or a second base station (e.g., ng-eNB120C, 120D, etc.) may be connected via NG interfaces to a network, suchas a 5G Core Network (5GC). A 5GC may comprise one or more AMF/User PlanFunction (UPF) functions (e.g., 130A and/or 130B). A base station (e.g.,a gNB and/or an ng-eNB) may be connected to a UPF via an NG-User plane(NG-U) interface. The NG-U interface may provide delivery (e.g.,non-guaranteed delivery) of user plane Protocol Data Units (PDUs)between a RAN node and the UPF. A base station (e.g., an gNB and/or anng-eNB) may be connected to an AMF via an NG-Control plane (NG-C)interface. The NG-C interface may provide functions such as NG interfacemanagement, wireless device (e.g., UE) context management, wirelessdevice (e.g., UE) mobility management, transport of NAS messages,paging, PDU session management, configuration transfer, and/or warningmessage transmission.

A UPF may host functions such as anchor point for intra-/inter-RadioAccess Technology (RAT) mobility (e.g., if applicable), external PDUsession point of interconnect to data network, packet routing andforwarding, packet inspection and user plane part of policy ruleenforcement, traffic usage reporting, uplink classifier to supportrouting traffic flows to a data network, branching point to supportmulti-homed PDU session, quality of service (QoS) handling for userplane, packet filtering, gating, Uplink (UL)/Downlink (DL) rateenforcement, uplink traffic verification (e.g., Service Data Flow (SDF)to QoS flow mapping), downlink packet buffering, and/or downlink datanotification triggering.

An AMF may host functions such as NAS signaling termination, NASsignaling security, Access Stratum (AS) security control, inter CoreNetwork (CN) node signaling (e.g., for mobility between 3rd GenerationPartnership Project (3GPP) access networks), idle mode wireless devicereachability (e.g., control and execution of paging retransmission),registration area management, support of intra-system and inter-systemmobility, access authentication, access authorization including check ofroaming rights, mobility management control (e.g., subscription and/orpolicies), support of network slicing, and/or Session ManagementFunction (SMF) selection.

FIG. 2A shows an example user plane protocol stack. A Service DataAdaptation Protocol (SDAP) (e.g., 211 and 221), Packet Data ConvergenceProtocol (PDCP) (e.g., 212 and 222), Radio Link Control (RLC) (e.g., 213and 223), and Media Access Control (MAC) (e.g., 214 and 224) sublayers,and a Physical (PHY) (e.g., 215 and 225) layer, may be terminated in awireless device (e.g., 110) and in a base station (e.g., 120) on anetwork side. A PHY layer may provide transport services to higherlayers (e.g., MAC, RRC, etc). Services and/or functions of a MACsublayer may comprise mapping between logical channels and transportchannels, multiplexing and/or demultiplexing of MAC Service Data Units(SDUs) belonging to the same or different logical channels into and/orfrom Transport Blocks (TBs) delivered to and/or from the PHY layer,scheduling information reporting, error correction through HybridAutomatic Repeat request (HARQ) (e.g., one HARQ entity per carrier forCarrier Aggregation (CA)), priority handling between wireless devicessuch as by using dynamic scheduling, priority handling between logicalchannels of a wireless device such as by using logical channelprioritization, and/or padding. A MAC entity may support one or multiplenumerologies and/or transmission timings. Mapping restrictions in alogical channel prioritization may control which numerology and/ortransmission timing a logical channel may use. An RLC sublayer maysupport transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM), and/oracknowledged mode (AM) transmission modes. The RLC configuration may beper logical channel with no dependency on numerologies and/orTransmission Time Interval (TTI) durations. Automatic Repeat Request(ARQ) may operate on any of the numerologies and/or TTI durations withwhich the logical channel is configured. Services and functions of thePDCP layer for the user plane may comprise, for example, sequencenumbering, header compression and decompression, transfer of user data,reordering and duplicate detection, PDCP PDU routing (e.g., such as forsplit bearers), retransmission of PDCP SDUs, ciphering, deciphering andintegrity protection, PDCP SDU discard, PDCP re-establishment and datarecovery for RLC AM, and/or duplication of PDCP PDUs. Services and/orfunctions of SDAP may comprise, for example, mapping between a QoS flowand a data radio bearer. Services and/or functions of SDAP may comprisemapping a Quality of Service Indicator (QFI) in DL and UL packets. Aprotocol entity of SDAP may be configured for an individual PDU session.

FIG. 2B shows an example control plane protocol stack. A PDCP (e.g., 233and 242), RLC (e.g., 234 and 243), and MAC (e.g., 235 and 244)sublayers, and a PHY (e.g., 236 and 245) layer, may be terminated in awireless device (e.g., 110), and in a base station (e.g., 120) on anetwork side, and perform service and/or functions described above. RRC(e.g., 232 and 241) may be terminated in a wireless device and a basestation on a network side. Services and/or functions of RRC may comprisebroadcast of system information related to AS and/or NAS; paging (e.g.,initiated by a 5GC or a RAN); establishment, maintenance, and/or releaseof an RRC connection between the wireless device and RAN; securityfunctions such as key management, establishment, configuration,maintenance, and/or release of Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and DataRadio Bearers (DRBs); mobility functions; QoS management functions;wireless device measurement reporting and control of the reporting;detection of and recovery from radio link failure; and/or NAS messagetransfer to/from NAS from/to a wireless device. NAS control protocol(e.g., 231 and 251) may be terminated in the wireless device and AMF(e.g., 130) on a network side. NAS control protocol may performfunctions such as authentication, mobility management between a wirelessdevice and an AMF (e.g., for 3GPP access and non-3GPP access), and/orsession management between a wireless device and an SMF (e.g., for 3GPPaccess and non-3GPP access).

A base station may configure a plurality of logical channels for awireless device. A logical channel of the plurality of logical channelsmay correspond to a radio bearer. The radio bearer may be associatedwith a QoS requirement. A base station may configure a logical channelto be mapped to one or more TTIs and/or numerologies in a plurality ofTTIs and/or numerologies. The wireless device may receive DownlinkControl Information (DCI) via a Physical Downlink Control CHannel(PDCCH) indicating an uplink grant. The uplink grant may be for a firstTTI and/or a first numerology and may indicate uplink resources fortransmission of a transport block. The base station may configure eachlogical channel in the plurality of logical channels with one or moreparameters to be used by a logical channel prioritization procedure atthe MAC layer of the wireless device. The one or more parameters maycomprise, for example, priority, prioritized bit rate, etc. A logicalchannel in the plurality of logical channels may correspond to one ormore buffers comprising data associated with the logical channel. Thelogical channel prioritization procedure may allocate the uplinkresources to one or more first logical channels in the plurality oflogical channels and/or to one or more MAC Control Elements (CEs). Theone or more first logical channels may be mapped to the first TTI and/orthe first numerology. The MAC layer at the wireless device may multiplexone or more MAC CEs and/or one or more MAC SDUs (e.g., logical channel)in a MAC PDU (e.g., transport block). The MAC PDU may comprise a MACheader comprising a plurality of MAC sub-headers. A MAC sub-header inthe plurality of MAC sub-headers may correspond to a MAC CE or a MAC SUD(e.g., logical channel) in the one or more MAC CEs and/or in the one ormore MAC SDUs. A MAC CE and/or a logical channel may be configured witha Logical Channel IDentifier (LCID). An LCID for a logical channeland/or a MAC CE may be fixed and/or pre-configured. An LCID for alogical channel and/or MAC CE may be configured for the wireless deviceby the base station. The MAC sub-header corresponding to a MAC CE and/ora MAC SDU may comprise an LCID associated with the MAC CE and/or the MACSDU.

A base station may activate, deactivate, and/or impact one or moreprocesses (e.g., set values of one or more parameters of the one or moreprocesses or start and/or stop one or more timers of the one or moreprocesses) at the wireless device, for example, by using one or more MACcommands. The one or more MAC commands may comprise one or more MACcontrol elements. The one or more processes may comprise activationand/or deactivation of PDCP packet duplication for one or more radiobearers. The base station may send (e.g., transmit) a MAC CE comprisingone or more fields. The values of the fields may indicate activationand/or deactivation of PDCP duplication for the one or more radiobearers. The one or more processes may comprise Channel StateInformation (CSI) transmission of on one or more cells. The base stationmay send (e.g., transmit) one or more MAC CEs indicating activationand/or deactivation of the CSI transmission on the one or more cells.The one or more processes may comprise activation and/or deactivation ofone or more secondary cells. The base station may send (e.g., transmit)a MA CE indicating activation and/or deactivation of one or moresecondary cells. The base station may send (e.g., transmit) one or moreMAC CEs indicating starting and/or stopping of one or more DiscontinuousReception (DRX) timers at the wireless device. The base station may send(e.g., transmit) one or more MAC CEs indicating one or more timingadvance values for one or more Timing Advance Groups (TAGs).

FIG. 3 shows a diagram of base stations (base station 1, 120A, and basestation 2, 120B) and a wireless device 110. The wireless device 110 maycomprise a UE or any other wireless device. The base station (e.g.,120A, 120B) may comprise a Node B, eNB, gNB, ng-eNB, or any other basestation. A wireless device and/or a base station may perform one or morefunctions of a relay node. The base station 1, 120A, may comprise atleast one communication interface 320A (e.g., a wireless modem, anantenna, a wired modem, and/or the like), at least one processor 321A,and at least one set of program code instructions 323A that may bestored in non-transitory memory 322A and executable by the at least oneprocessor 321A. The base station 2, 120B, may comprise at least onecommunication interface 320B, at least one processor 321B, and at leastone set of program code instructions 323B that may be stored innon-transitory memory 322B and executable by the at least one processor321B.

A base station may comprise any number of sectors, for example: 1, 2, 3,4, or 6 sectors. A base station may comprise any number of cells, forexample, ranging from 1 to 50 cells or more. A cell may be categorized,for example, as a primary cell or secondary cell. At Radio ResourceControl (RRC) connection establishment, re-establishment, handover,etc., a serving cell may provide NAS (non-access stratum) mobilityinformation (e.g., Tracking Area Identifier (TAI)). At RRC connectionre-establishment and/or handover, a serving cell may provide securityinput. This serving cell may be referred to as the Primary Cell (PCell).In the downlink, a carrier corresponding to the PCell may be a DLPrimary Component Carrier (PCC). In the uplink, a carrier may be an ULPCC. Secondary Cells (SCells) may be configured to form together with aPCell a set of serving cells, for example, depending on wireless devicecapabilities. In a downlink, a carrier corresponding to an SCell may bea downlink secondary component carrier (DL SCC). In an uplink, a carriermay be an uplink secondary component carrier (UL SCC). An SCell may ormay not have an uplink carrier.

A cell, comprising a downlink carrier and optionally an uplink carrier,may be assigned a physical cell ID and/or a cell index. A carrier(downlink and/or uplink) may belong to one cell. The cell ID and/or cellindex may identify the downlink carrier and/or uplink carrier of thecell (e.g., depending on the context it is used). A cell ID may beequally referred to as a carrier ID, and a cell index may be referred toas a carrier index. A physical cell ID and/or a cell index may beassigned to a cell. A cell ID may be determined using a synchronizationsignal transmitted via a downlink carrier. A cell index may bedetermined using RRC messages. A first physical cell ID for a firstdownlink carrier may indicate that the first physical cell ID is for acell comprising the first downlink carrier. The same concept may beused, for example, with carrier activation and/or deactivation (e.g.,secondary cell activation and/or deactivation). A first carrier that isactivated may indicate that a cell comprising the first carrier isactivated.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) to a wireless device one ormore messages (e.g., RRC messages) comprising a plurality ofconfiguration parameters for one or more cells. One or more cells maycomprise at least one primary cell and at least one secondary cell. AnRRC message may be broadcasted and/or unicasted to the wireless device.Configuration parameters may comprise common parameters and dedicatedparameters.

Services and/or functions of an RRC sublayer may comprise at least oneof: broadcast of system information related to AS and/or NAS; paginginitiated by a 5GC and/or an NG-RAN; establishment, maintenance, and/orrelease of an RRC connection between a wireless device and an NG-RAN,which may comprise at least one of addition, modification, and/orrelease of carrier aggregation; and/or addition, modification, and/orrelease of dual connectivity in NR or between E-UTRA and NR. Servicesand/or functions of an RRC sublayer may comprise at least one ofsecurity functions comprising key management; establishment,configuration, maintenance, and/or release of Signaling Radio Bearers(SRBs) and/or Data Radio Bearers (DRBs); mobility functions which maycomprise at least one of a handover (e.g., intra NR mobility orinter-RAT mobility) and/or a context transfer; and/or a wireless devicecell selection and/or reselection and/or control of cell selection andreselection. Services and/or functions of an RRC sublayer may compriseat least one of QoS management functions; a wireless device measurementconfiguration/reporting; detection of and/or recovery from radio linkfailure; and/or NAS message transfer to and/or from a core networkentity (e.g., AMF, Mobility Management Entity (MME)) from and/or to thewireless device.

An RRC sublayer may support an RRC_Idle state, an RRC_Inactive state,and/or an RRC_Connected state for a wireless device. In an RRC_Idlestate, a wireless device may perform at least one of: Public Land MobileNetwork (PLMN) selection; receiving broadcasted system information; cellselection and/or re-selection; monitoring and/or receiving a paging formobile terminated data initiated by 5GC; paging for mobile terminateddata area managed by 5GC; and/or DRX for CN paging configured via NAS.In an RRC_Inactive state, a wireless device may perform at least one of:receiving broadcasted system information; cell selection and/orre-selection; monitoring and/or receiving a RAN and/or CN paginginitiated by an NG-RAN and/or a 5GC; RAN-based notification area (RNA)managed by an NG-RAN; and/or DRX for a RAN and/or CN paging configuredby NG-RAN/NAS. In an RRC_Idle state of a wireless device, a base station(e.g., NG-RAN) may keep a 5GC-NG-RAN connection (e.g., both C/U-planes)for the wireless device; and/or store a wireless device AS context forthe wireless device. In an RRC_Connected state of a wireless device, abase station (e.g., NG-RAN) may perform at least one of: establishmentof 5GC-NG-RAN connection (both C/U-planes) for the wireless device;storing a UE AS context for the wireless device; send (e.g., transmit)and/or receive of unicast data to and/or from the wireless device;and/or network-controlled mobility based on measurement results receivedfrom the wireless device. In an RRC_Connected state of a wirelessdevice, an NG-RAN may know a cell to which the wireless device belongs.

System information (SI) may be divided into minimum SI and other SI. Theminimum SI may be periodically broadcast. The minimum SI may comprisebasic information required for initial access and/or information foracquiring any other SI broadcast periodically and/or provisionedon-demand (e.g., scheduling information). The other SI may either bebroadcast, and/or be provisioned in a dedicated manner, such as eithertriggered by a network and/or upon request from a wireless device. Aminimum SI may be transmitted via two different downlink channels usingdifferent messages (e.g., MasterinformationBlock andSystemInformationBlockType1). Another SI may be transmitted viaSystemInformationBlockType2. For a wireless device in an RRC_Connectedstate, dedicated RRC signalling may be used for the request and deliveryof the other SI. For the wireless device in the RRC_Idle state and/or inthe RRC_Inactive state, the request may trigger a random-accessprocedure.

A wireless device may report its radio access capability information,which may be static. A base station may request one or more indicationsof capabilities for a wireless device to report based on bandinformation. A temporary capability restriction request may be sent bythe wireless device (e.g., if allowed by a network) to signal thelimited availability of some capabilities (e.g., due to hardwaresharing, interference, and/or overheating) to the base station. The basestation may confirm or reject the request. The temporary capabilityrestriction may be transparent to 5GC (e.g., only static capabilitiesmay be stored in 5GC).

A wireless device may have an RRC connection with a network, forexample, if CA is configured. At RRC connection establishment,re-establishment, and/or handover procedures, a serving cell may provideNAS mobility information. At RRC connection re-establishment and/orhandover, a serving cell may provide a security input. This serving cellmay be referred to as the PCell. SCells may be configured to formtogether with the PCell a set of serving cells, for example, dependingon the capabilities of the wireless device. The configured set ofserving cells for the wireless device may comprise a PCell and one ormore SCells.

The reconfiguration, addition, and/or removal of SCells may be performedby RRC messaging. At intra-NR handover, RRC may add, remove, and/orreconfigure SCells for usage with the target PCell. Dedicated RRCsignaling may be used (e.g., if adding a new SCell) to send all requiredsystem information of the SCell (e.g., if in connected mode, wirelessdevices may not acquire broadcasted system information directly from theSCells).

The purpose of an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure may be tomodify an RRC connection, (e.g., to establish, modify, and/or releaseRBs; to perform handover; to setup, modify, and/or release measurements,for example, to add, modify, and/or release SCells and cell groups). NASdedicated information may be transferred from the network to thewireless device, for example, as part of the RRC connectionreconfiguration procedure. The RRCConnectionReconfiguration message maybe a command to modify an RRC connection. One or more RRC messages mayconvey information for measurement configuration, mobility control,and/or radio resource configuration (e.g., RBs, MAC main configuration,and/or physical channel configuration), which may comprise anyassociated dedicated NAS information and/or security configuration. Thewireless device may perform an SCell release, for example, if thereceived RRC Connection Reconfiguration message includes thesCellToReleaseList. The wireless device may perform SCell additions ormodification, for example, if the received RRC ConnectionReconfiguration message includes the sCellToAddModList.

An RRC connection establishment, reestablishment, and/or resumeprocedure may be to establish, reestablish, and/or resume an RRCconnection, respectively. An RRC connection establishment procedure maycomprise SRB1 establishment. The RRC connection establishment proceduremay be used to transfer the initial NAS dedicated information and/ormessage from a wireless device to a E-UTRAN. TheRRCConnectionReestablishment message may be used to re-establish SRB1.

A measurement report procedure may be used to transfer measurementresults from a wireless device to an NG-RAN. The wireless device mayinitiate a measurement report procedure, for example, after successfulsecurity activation. A measurement report message may be used to send(e.g., transmit) measurement results.

The wireless device 110 may comprise at least one communicationinterface 310 (e.g., a wireless modem, an antenna, and/or the like), atleast one processor 314, and at least one set of program codeinstructions 316 that may be stored in non-transitory memory 315 andexecutable by the at least one processor 314. The wireless device 110may further comprise at least one of at least one speaker and/ormicrophone 311, at least one keypad 312, at least one display and/ortouchpad 313, at least one power source 317, at least one globalpositioning system (GPS) chipset 318, and/or other peripherals 319.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110, the processor 321A of thebase station 1 120A, and/or the processor 321B of the base station 2120B may comprise at least one of a general-purpose processor, a digitalsignal processor (DSP), a controller, a microcontroller, an applicationspecific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array(FPGA) and/or other programmable logic device, discrete gate and/ortransistor logic, discrete hardware components, and/or the like. Theprocessor 314 of the wireless device 110, the processor 321A in basestation 1 120A, and/or the processor 321B in base station 2 120B mayperform at least one of signal coding and/or processing, dataprocessing, power control, input/output processing, and/or any otherfunctionality that may enable the wireless device 110, the base station1 120A and/or the base station 2 120B to operate in a wirelessenvironment.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110 may be connected to and/orin communication with the speaker and/or microphone 311, the keypad 312,and/or the display and/or touchpad 313. The processor 314 may receiveuser input data from and/or provide user output data to the speakerand/or microphone 311, the keypad 312, and/or the display and/ortouchpad 313. The processor 314 in the wireless device 110 may receivepower from the power source 317 and/or may be configured to distributethe power to the other components in the wireless device 110. The powersource 317 may comprise at least one of one or more dry cell batteries,solar cells, fuel cells, and/or the like. The processor 314 may beconnected to the GPS chipset 318. The GPS chipset 318 may be configuredto provide geographic location information of the wireless device 110.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110 may further be connected toand/or in communication with other peripherals 319, which may compriseone or more software and/or hardware modules that may provide additionalfeatures and/or functionalities. For example, the peripherals 319 maycomprise at least one of an accelerometer, a satellite transceiver, adigital camera, a universal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset,a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internetbrowser, and/or the like.

The communication interface 320A of the base station 1, 120A, and/or thecommunication interface 320B of the base station 2, 120B, may beconfigured to communicate with the communication interface 310 of thewireless device 110, for example, via a wireless link 330A and/or via awireless link 330B, respectively. The communication interface 320A ofthe base station 1, 120A, may communicate with the communicationinterface 320B of the base station 2 and/or other RAN and/or corenetwork nodes.

The wireless link 330A and/or the wireless link 330B may comprise atleast one of a bi-directional link and/or a directional link. Thecommunication interface 310 of the wireless device 110 may be configuredto communicate with the communication interface 320A of the base station1 120A and/or with the communication interface 320B of the base station2 120B. The base station 1 120A and the wireless device 110, and/or thebase station 2 120B and the wireless device 110, may be configured tosend and receive transport blocks, for example, via the wireless link330A and/or via the wireless link 330B, respectively. The wireless link330A and/or the wireless link 330B may use at least one frequencycarrier. Transceiver(s) may be used. A transceiver may be a device thatcomprises both a transmitter and a receiver. Transceivers may be used indevices such as wireless devices, base stations, relay nodes, computingdevices, and/or the like. Radio technology may be implemented in thecommunication interface 310, 320A, and/or 320B, and the wireless link330A and/or 330B. The radio technology may comprise one or more elementsshown in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C, FIG. 4D, FIG. 6, FIG. 7A, FIG. 7B,FIG. 8, and associated text, described below.

Other nodes in a wireless network (e.g. AMF, UPF, SMF, etc) may compriseone or more communication interfaces, one or more processors, and memorystoring instructions.

A node (e.g., wireless device, base station, AMF, SMF, UPF, servers,switches, antennas, and/or the like) may comprise one or moreprocessors, and memory storing instructions that when executed by theone or more processors causes the node to perform certain processesand/or functions. Single-carrier and/or multi-carrier communicationoperation may be performed. A non-transitory tangible computer readablemedia may comprise instructions executable by one or more processors tocause operation of single-carrier and/or multi-carrier communications.An article of manufacture may comprise a non-transitory tangiblecomputer readable machine-accessible medium having instructions encodedthereon for enabling programmable hardware to cause a node to enableoperation of single-carrier and/or multi-carrier communications. Thenode may include processors, memory, interfaces, and/or the like.

An interface may comprise at least one of a hardware interface, afirmware interface, a software interface, and/or a combination thereof.The hardware interface may comprise connectors, wires, and/or electronicdevices such as drivers, amplifiers, and/or the like. The softwareinterface may comprise code stored in a memory device to implementprotocol(s), protocol layers, communication drivers, device drivers,combinations thereof, and/or the like. The firmware interface maycomprise a combination of embedded hardware and/or code stored in(and/or in communication with) a memory device to implement connections,electronic device operations, protocol(s), protocol layers,communication drivers, device drivers, hardware operations, combinationsthereof, and/or the like.

A communication network may comprise the wireless device 110, the basestation 1, 120A, the base station 2, 120B, and/or any other device. Thecommunication network may comprise any number and/or type of devices,such as, for example, computing devices, wireless devices, mobiledevices, handsets, tablets, laptops, internet of things (IoT) devices,hotspots, cellular repeaters, computing devices, and/or, more generally,user equipment (e.g., UE). Although one or more of the above types ofdevices may be referenced herein (e.g., UE, wireless device, computingdevice, etc.), it should be understood that any device herein maycomprise any one or more of the above types of devices or similardevices. The communication network, and any other network referencedherein, may comprise an LTE network, a 5G network, or any other networkfor wireless communications. Apparatuses, systems, and/or methodsdescribed herein may generally be described as implemented on one ormore devices (e.g., wireless device, base station, eNB, gNB, computingdevice, etc.), in one or more networks, but it will be understood thatone or more features and steps may be implemented on any device and/orin any network. As used throughout, the term “base station” may compriseone or more of: a base station, a node, a Node B, a gNB, an eNB, anng-eNB, a relay node (e.g., an integrated access and backhaul (IAB)node), a donor node (e.g., a donor eNB, a donor gNB, etc.), an accesspoint (e.g., a WiFi access point), a computing device, a device capableof wirelessly communicating, or any other device capable of sendingand/or receiving signals. As used throughout, the term “wireless device”may comprise one or more of: a UE, a handset, a mobile device, acomputing device, a node, a device capable of wirelessly communicating,or any other device capable of sending and/or receiving signals. Anyreference to one or more of these terms/devices also considers use ofany other term/device mentioned above.

FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C and FIG. 4D show example diagrams for uplinkand downlink signal transmission. FIG. 4A shows an example uplinktransmitter for at least one physical channel A baseband signalrepresenting a physical uplink shared channel may perform one or morefunctions. The one or more functions may comprise at least one of:scrambling (e.g., by Scrambling); modulation of scrambled bits togenerate complex-valued symbols (e.g., by a Modulation mapper); mappingof the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or severaltransmission layers (e.g., by a Layer mapper); transform precoding togenerate complex-valued symbols (e.g., by a Transform precoder);precoding of the complex-valued symbols (e.g., by a Precoder); mappingof precoded complex-valued symbols to resource elements (e.g., by aResource element mapper); generation of complex-valued time-domainSingle Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or CP-OFDMsignal for an antenna port (e.g., by a signal gen.); and/or the like. ASC-FDMA signal for uplink transmission may be generated, for example, iftransform precoding is enabled. An CP-OFDM signal for uplinktransmission may be generated by FIG. 4A, for example, if transformprecoding is not enabled. These functions are shown as examples and itis anticipated that other mechanisms may be implemented in variousembodiments.

FIG. 4B shows an example for modulation and up-conversion to the carrierfrequency of a complex-valued SC-FDMA or CP-OFDM baseband signal for anantenna port and/or for the complex-valued Physical Random AccessCHannel (PRACH) baseband signal. Filtering may be performed prior totransmission.

FIG. 4C shows an example for downlink transmissions. The baseband signalrepresenting a downlink physical channel may perform one or morefunctions. The one or more functions may comprise: scrambling of codedbits in a codeword to be transmitted on a physical channel (e.g., byScrambling); modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valuedmodulation symbols (e.g., by a Modulation mapper); mapping of thecomplex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmissionlayers (e.g., by a Layer mapper); precoding of the complex-valuedmodulation symbols on a layer for transmission on the antenna ports(e.g., by Precoding); mapping of complex-valued modulation symbols foran antenna port to resource elements (e.g., by a Resource elementmapper); generation of complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for anantenna port (e.g., by an OFDM signal gen.); and/or the like. Thesefunctions are shown as examples and it is anticipated that othermechanisms may be implemented in various other examples.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) a first symbol and a secondsymbol on an antenna port, to a wireless device. The wireless device mayinfer the channel (e.g., fading gain, multipath delay, etc.) forconveying the second symbol on the antenna port, from the channel forconveying the first symbol on the antenna port. A first antenna port anda second antenna port may be quasi co-located, for example, if one ormore large-scale properties of the channel over which a first symbol onthe first antenna port is conveyed may be inferred from the channel overwhich a second symbol on a second antenna port is conveyed. The one ormore large-scale properties may comprise at least one of: delay spread;doppler spread; doppler shift; average gain; average delay; and/orspatial receiving (Rx) parameters.

FIG. 4D shows an example modulation and up-conversion to the carrierfrequency of the complex-valued OFDM baseband signal for an antennaport. Filtering may be performed prior to transmission.

FIG. 5A shows a diagram of an example uplink channel mapping and exampleuplink physical signals. A physical layer may provide one or moreinformation transfer services to a MAC and/or one or more higher layers.The physical layer may provide the one or more information transferservices to the MAC via one or more transport channels. An informationtransfer service may indicate how and/or with what characteristics datais transferred over the radio interface.

Uplink transport channels may comprise an Uplink-Shared CHannel (UL-SCH)501 and/or a Random Access CHannel (RACH) 502. A wireless device maysend (e.g., transmit) one or more uplink DM-RSs 506 to a base stationfor channel estimation, for example, for coherent demodulation of one ormore uplink physical channels (e.g., PUSCH 503 and/or PUCCH 504). Thewireless device may send (e.g., transmit) to a base station at least oneuplink DM-RS 506 with PUSCH 503 and/or PUCCH 504, wherein the at leastone uplink DM-RS 506 may be spanning a same frequency range as acorresponding physical channel. The base station may configure thewireless device with one or more uplink DM-RS configurations. At leastone DM-RS configuration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. Afront-loaded DM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., 1or 2 adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more additional uplink DM-RS may beconfigured to send (e.g., transmit) at one or more symbols of a PUSCHand/or PUCCH. The base station may semi-statically configure thewireless device with a maximum number of front-loaded DM-RS symbols forPUSCH and/or PUCCH. The wireless device may schedule a single-symbolDM-RS and/or double symbol DM-RS based on a maximum number offront-loaded DM-RS symbols, wherein the base station may configure thewireless device with one or more additional uplink DM-RS for PUSCHand/or PUCCH. A new radio network may support, for example, at least forCP-OFDM, a common DM-RS structure for DL and UL, wherein a DM-RSlocation, DM-RS pattern, and/or scrambling sequence may be same ordifferent.

Whether or not an uplink PT-RS 507 is present may depend on an RRCconfiguration. A presence of the uplink PT-RS may be wirelessdevice-specifically configured. A presence and/or a pattern of theuplink PT-RS 507 in a scheduled resource may be wirelessdevice-specifically configured by a combination of RRC signaling and/orassociation with one or more parameters used for other purposes (e.g.,Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS)) which may be indicated by DCI. Ifconfigured, a dynamic presence of uplink PT-RS 507 may be associatedwith one or more DCI parameters comprising at least a MCS. A radionetwork may support a plurality of uplink PT-RS densities defined intime/frequency domain. If present, a frequency domain density may beassociated with at least one configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. Awireless device may assume a same precoding for a DMRS port and a PT-RSport. A number of PT-RS ports may be fewer than a number of DM-RS portsin a scheduled resource. The uplink PT-RS 507 may be confined in thescheduled time/frequency duration for a wireless device.

a wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) an SRS 508 to a base stationfor channel state estimation, for example, to support uplink channeldependent scheduling and/or link adaptation. The SRS 508 sent (e.g.,transmitted) by the wireless device may allow for the base station toestimate an uplink channel state at one or more different frequencies. Abase station scheduler may use an uplink channel state to assign one ormore resource blocks of a certain quality (e.g., above a qualitythreshold) for an uplink PUSCH transmission from the wireless device.The base station may semi-statically configure the wireless device withone or more SRS resource sets. For an SRS resource set, the base stationmay configure the wireless device with one or more SRS resources. An SRSresource set applicability may be configured by a higher layer (e.g.,RRC) parameter. An SRS resource in each of one or more SRS resource setsmay be sent (e.g., transmitted) at a time instant, for example, if ahigher layer parameter indicates beam management. The wireless devicemay send (e.g., transmit) one or more SRS resources in different SRSresource sets simultaneously. A new radio network may support aperiodic,periodic, and/or semi-persistent SRS transmissions. The wireless devicemay send (e.g., transmit) SRS resources, for example, based on one ormore trigger types. The one or more trigger types may comprise higherlayer signaling (e.g., RRC) and/or one or more DCI formats (e.g., atleast one DCI format may be used for a wireless device to select atleast one of one or more configured SRS resource sets). An SRS triggertype 0 may refer to an SRS triggered based on a higher layer signaling.An SRS trigger type 1 may refer to an SRS triggered based on one or moreDCI formats. The wireless device may be configured to send (e.g.,transmit) the SRS 508 after a transmission of PUSCH 503 andcorresponding uplink DM-RS 506, for example, if PUSCH 503 and the SRS508 are transmitted in a same slot.

A base station may semi-statically configure a wireless device with oneor more SRS configuration parameters indicating at least one offollowing: an SRS resource configuration identifier, a number of SRSports, time domain behavior of SRS resource configuration (e.g., anindication of periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS), slot(mini-slot, and/or subframe) level periodicity and/or offset for aperiodic and/or aperiodic SRS resource, a number of OFDM symbols in aSRS resource, starting OFDM symbol of a SRS resource, an SRS bandwidth,a frequency hopping bandwidth, a cyclic shift, and/or an SRS sequenceID.

FIG. 5B shows a diagram of an example downlink channel mapping and adownlink physical signals. Downlink transport channels may comprise aDownlink-Shared CHannel (DL-SCH) 511, a Paging CHannel (PCH) 512, and/ora Broadcast CHannel (BCH) 513. A transport channel may be mapped to oneor more corresponding physical channels. A UL-SCH 501 may be mapped to aPhysical Uplink Shared CHannel (PUSCH) 503. A RACH 502 may be mapped toa PRACH 505. A DL-SCH 511 and a PCH 512 may be mapped to a PhysicalDownlink Shared CHannel (PDSCH) 514. A BCH 513 may be mapped to aPhysical Broadcast CHannel (PBCH) 516.

A radio network may comprise one or more downlink and/or uplinktransport channels. The radio network may comprise one or more physicalchannels without a corresponding transport channel. The one or morephysical channels may be used for an Uplink Control Information (UCI)509 and/or a Downlink Control Information (DCI) 517. A Physical UplinkControl CHannel (PUCCH) 504 may carry UCI 509 from a wireless device toa base station. A Physical Downlink Control CHannel (PDCCH) 515 maycarry the DCI 517 from a base station to a wireless device. The radionetwork (e.g., NR) may support the UCI 509 multiplexing in the PUSCH503, for example, if the UCI 509 and the PUSCH 503 transmissions maycoincide in a slot (e.g., at least in part). The UCI 509 may comprise atleast one of a CSI, an Acknowledgement (ACK)/Negative Acknowledgement(NACK), and/or a scheduling request. The DCI 517 via the PDCCH 515 mayindicate at least one of following: one or more downlink assignmentsand/or one or more uplink scheduling grants.

In uplink, a wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) one or moreReference Signals (RSs) to a base station. The one or more referencesignals (RSs) may comprise at least one of a Demodulation-RS (DM-RS)506, a Phase Tracking-RS (PT-RS) 507, and/or a Sounding RS (SRS) 508. Indownlink, a base station may send (e.g., transmit, unicast, multicast,and/or broadcast) one or more RSs to a wireless device. The one or moreRSs may comprise at least one of a Primary Synchronization Signal(PSS)/Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) 521, a CSI-RS 522, a DM-RS523, and/or a PT-RS 524.

In a time domain, an SS/PBCH block may comprise one or more OFDM symbols(e.g., 4 OFDM symbols numbered in increasing order from 0 to 3) withinthe SS/PBCH block. An SS/PBCH block may comprise the PSS/SSS 521 and/orthe PBCH 516. In the frequency domain, an SS/PBCH block may comprise oneor more contiguous subcarriers (e.g., 240 contiguous subcarriers withthe subcarriers numbered in increasing order from 0 to 239) within theSS/PBCH block. The PSS/SSS 521 may occupy, for example, 1 OFDM symboland 127 subcarriers. The PBCH 516 may span across, for example, 3 OFDMsymbols and 240 subcarriers. A wireless device may assume that one ormore SS/PBCH blocks transmitted with a same block index may be quasico-located, for example, with respect to Doppler spread, Doppler shift,average gain, average delay, and/or spatial Rx parameters. A wirelessdevice may not assume quasi co-location for other SS/PBCH blocktransmissions. A periodicity of an SS/PBCH block may be configured by aradio network (e.g., by an RRC signaling). One or more time locations inwhich the SS/PBCH block may be sent may be determined by sub-carrierspacing. A wireless device may assume a band-specific sub-carrierspacing for an SS/PBCH block, for example, unless a radio network hasconfigured the wireless device to assume a different sub-carrierspacing.

The downlink CSI-RS 522 may be used for a wireless device to acquirechannel state information. A radio network may support periodic,aperiodic, and/or semi-persistent transmission of the downlink CSI-RS522. A base station may semi-statically configure and/or reconfigure awireless device with periodic transmission of the downlink CSI-RS 522. Aconfigured CSI-RS resources may be activated and/or deactivated. Forsemi-persistent transmission, an activation and/or deactivation of aCSI-RS resource may be triggered dynamically. A CSI-RS configuration maycomprise one or more parameters indicating at least a number of antennaports. A base station may configure a wireless device with 32 ports, orany other number of ports. A base station may semi-statically configurea wireless device with one or more CSI-RS resource sets. One or moreCSI-RS resources may be allocated from one or more CSI-RS resource setsto one or more wireless devices. A base station may semi-staticallyconfigure one or more parameters indicating CSI RS resource mapping, forexample, time-domain location of one or more CSI-RS resources, abandwidth of a CSI-RS resource, and/or a periodicity. A wireless devicemay be configured to use the same OFDM symbols for the downlink CSI-RS522 and the Control Resource Set (CORESET), for example, if the downlinkCSI-RS 522 and the CORESET are spatially quasi co-located and resourceelements associated with the downlink CSI-RS 522 are the outside of PRBsconfigured for the CORESET. A wireless device may be configured to usethe same OFDM symbols for downlink CSI-RS 522 and SSB/PBCH, for example,if the downlink CSI-RS 522 and SSB/PBCH are spatially quasi co-locatedand resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS 522 areoutside of the PRBs configured for the SSB/PBCH.

A wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) one or more downlink DM-RSs523 to a base station for channel estimation, for example, for coherentdemodulation of one or more downlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH514). A radio network may support one or more variable and/orconfigurable DM-RS patterns for data demodulation. At least one downlinkDM-RS configuration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. Afront-loaded DM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., 1or 2 adjacent OFDM symbols). A base station may semi-staticallyconfigure a wireless device with a maximum number of front-loaded DM-RSsymbols for PDSCH 514. A DM-RS configuration may support one or moreDM-RS ports. A DM-RS configuration may support at least 8 orthogonaldownlink DM-RS ports, for example, for single user-MIMO. ADM-RSconfiguration may support 12 orthogonal downlink DM-RS ports, forexample, for multiuser-MIMO. A radio network may support, for example,at least for CP-OFDM, a common DM-RS structure for DL and UL, wherein aDM-RS location, DM-RS pattern, and/or scrambling sequence may be thesame or different.

Whether or not the downlink PT-RS 524 is present may depend on an RRCconfiguration. A presence of the downlink PT-RS 524 may be wirelessdevice-specifically configured. A presence and/or a pattern of thedownlink PT-RS 524 in a scheduled resource may be wirelessdevice-specifically configured, for example, by a combination of RRCsignaling and/or an association with one or more parameters used forother purposes (e.g., MCS) which may be indicated by the DCI. Ifconfigured, a dynamic presence of the downlink PT-RS 524 may beassociated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at least MCS. Aradio network may support a plurality of PT-RS densities in atime/frequency domain. If present, a frequency domain density may beassociated with at least one configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. Awireless device may assume the same precoding for a DMRS port and aPT-RS port. A number of PT-RS ports may be less than a number of DM-RSports in a scheduled resource. The downlink PT-RS 524 may be confined inthe scheduled time/frequency duration for a wireless device.

FIG. 6 shows a diagram with an example transmission time and receptiontime for a carrier. A multicarrier OFDM communication system may includeone or more carriers, for example, ranging from 1 to 32 carriers (suchas for carrier aggregation) or ranging from 1 to 64 carriers (such asfor dual connectivity). Different radio frame structures may besupported (e.g., for FDD and/or for TDD duplex mechanisms). FIG. 6 showsan example frame timing. Downlink and uplink transmissions may beorganized into radio frames 601. Radio frame duration may be 10milliseconds (ms). A 10 ms radio frame 601 may be divided into tenequally sized subframes 602, each with a 1 ms duration. Subframe(s) maycomprise one or more slots (e.g., slots 603 and 605) depending onsubcarrier spacing and/or CP length. For example, a subframe with 15kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz and 480 kHz subcarrier spacing maycomprise one, two, four, eight, sixteen and thirty-two slots,respectively. In FIG. 6, a subframe may be divided into two equallysized slots 603 with 0.5 ms duration. For example, 10 subframes may beavailable for downlink transmission and 10 subframes may be availablefor uplink transmissions in a 10 ms interval. Other subframe durationssuch as, for example, 0.5 ms, 1 ms, 2 ms, and 5 ms may be supported.Uplink and downlink transmissions may be separated in the frequencydomain. Slot(s) may include a plurality of OFDM symbols 604. The numberof OFDM symbols 604 in a slot 605 may depend on the cyclic prefixlength. A slot may be 14 OFDM symbols for the same subcarrier spacing ofup to 480 kHz with normal CP. A slot may be 12 OFDM symbols for the samesubcarrier spacing of 60 kHz with extended CP. A slot may comprisedownlink, uplink, and/or a downlink part and an uplink part, and/oralike.

FIG. 7A shows a diagram with example sets of OFDM subcarriers. A basestation may communicate with a wireless device using a carrier having anexample channel bandwidth 700. Arrow(s) in the diagram may depict asubcarrier in a multicarrier OFDM system. The OFDM system may usetechnology such as OFDM technology, SC-FDMA technology, and/or the like.An arrow 701 shows a subcarrier transmitting information symbols. Asubcarrier spacing 702, between two contiguous subcarriers in a carrier,may be any one of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz, or any otherfrequency. Different subcarrier spacing may correspond to differenttransmission numerologies. A transmission numerology may comprise atleast: a numerology index; a value of subcarrier spacing; and/or a typeof cyclic prefix (CP). A base station may send (e.g., transmit) toand/or receive from a wireless device via a number of subcarriers 703 ina carrier. A bandwidth occupied by a number of subcarriers 703 (e.g.,transmission bandwidth) may be smaller than the channel bandwidth 700 ofa carrier, for example, due to guard bands 704 and 705. Guard bands 704and 705 may be used to reduce interference to and from one or moreneighbor carriers. A number of subcarriers (e.g., transmissionbandwidth) in a carrier may depend on the channel bandwidth of thecarrier and/or the subcarrier spacing. A transmission bandwidth, for acarrier with a 20 MHz channel bandwidth and a 15 kHz subcarrier spacing,may be in number of 1024 subcarriers.

A base station and a wireless device may communicate with multiplecomponent carriers (CCs), for example, if configured with CA. Differentcomponent carriers may have different bandwidth and/or differentsubcarrier spacing, for example, if CA is supported. A base station maysend (e.g., transmit) a first type of service to a wireless device via afirst component carrier. The base station may send (e.g., transmit) asecond type of service to the wireless device via a second componentcarrier. Different types of services may have different servicerequirements (e.g., data rate, latency, reliability), which may besuitable for transmission via different component carriers havingdifferent subcarrier spacing and/or different bandwidth.

FIG. 7B shows an example diagram with component carriers. A firstcomponent carrier may comprise a first number of subcarriers 706 havinga first subcarrier spacing 709. A second component carrier may comprisea second number of subcarriers 707 having a second subcarrier spacing710. A third component carrier may comprise a third number ofsubcarriers 708 having a third subcarrier spacing 711. Carriers in amulticarrier OFDM communication system may be contiguous carriers,non-contiguous carriers, or a combination of both contiguous andnon-contiguous carriers.

FIG. 8 shows a diagram of OFDM radio resources. A carrier may have atransmission bandwidth 801. A resource grid may be in a structure offrequency domain 802 and time domain 803. A resource grid may comprise afirst number of OFDM symbols in a subframe and a second number ofresource blocks, starting from a common resource block indicated byhigher-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), for a transmissionnumerology and a carrier. In a resource grid, a resource element 805 maycomprise a resource unit that may be identified by a subcarrier indexand a symbol index. A subframe may comprise a first number of OFDMsymbols 807 that may depend on a numerology associated with a carrier. Asubframe may have 14 OFDM symbols for a carrier, for example, if asubcarrier spacing of a numerology of a carrier is 15 kHz. A subframemay have 28 OFDM symbols, for example, if a subcarrier spacing of anumerology is 30 kHz. A subframe may have 56 OFDM symbols, for example,if a subcarrier spacing of a numerology is 60 kHz. A subcarrier spacingof a numerology may comprise any other frequency. A second number ofresource blocks comprised in a resource grid of a carrier may depend ona bandwidth and a numerology of the carrier.

A resource block 806 may comprise 12 subcarriers. Multiple resourceblocks may be grouped into a Resource Block Group (RBG) 804. A size of aRBG may depend on at least one of: a RRC message indicating a RBG sizeconfiguration; a size of a carrier bandwidth; and/or a size of abandwidth part of a carrier. A carrier may comprise multiple bandwidthparts. A first bandwidth part of a carrier may have a differentfrequency location and/or a different bandwidth from a second bandwidthpart of the carrier.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device, adownlink control information comprising a downlink or uplink resourceblock assignment. A base station may send (e.g., transmit) to and/orreceive from, a wireless device, data packets (e.g., transport blocks).The data packets may be scheduled on and transmitted via one or moreresource blocks and one or more slots indicated by parameters indownlink control information and/or RRC message(s). A starting symbolrelative to a first slot of the one or more slots may be indicated tothe wireless device. A base station may send (e.g., transmit) to and/orreceive from, a wireless device, data packets. The data packets may bescheduled for transmission on one or more RBGs and in one or more slots.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device, downlinkcontrol information comprising a downlink assignment. The base stationmay send (e.g., transmit) the DCI via one or more PDCCHs. The downlinkassignment may comprise parameters indicating at least one of amodulation and coding format; resource allocation; and/or HARQinformation related to the DL-SCH. The resource allocation may compriseparameters of resource block allocation; and/or slot allocation. A basestation may allocate (e.g., dynamically) resources to a wireless device,for example, via a Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI) onone or more PDCCHs. The wireless device may monitor the one or morePDCCHs, for example, in order to find possible allocation if itsdownlink reception is enabled. The wireless device may receive one ormore downlink data packets on one or more PDSCH scheduled by the one ormore PDCCHs, for example, if the wireless device successfully detectsthe one or more PDCCHs.

a base station may allocate Configured Scheduling (CS) resources fordown link transmission to a wireless device. The base station may send(e.g., transmit) one or more RRC messages indicating a periodicity ofthe CS grant. The base station may send (e.g., transmit) a DCI via aPDCCH addressed to a Configured Scheduling-RNTI (CS-RNTI) activating theCS resources. The DCI may comprise parameters indicating that thedownlink grant is a CS grant. The CS grant may be implicitly reusedaccording to the periodicity defined by the one or more RRC messages.The CS grant may be implicitly reused, for example, until deactivated.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device via oneor more PDCCHs, downlink control information comprising an uplink grant.The uplink grant may comprise parameters indicating at least one of amodulation and coding format; a resource allocation; and/or HARQinformation related to the UL-SCH. The resource allocation may compriseparameters of resource block allocation; and/or slot allocation. Thebase station may dynamically allocate resources to the wireless devicevia a C-RNTI on one or more PDCCHs. The wireless device may monitor theone or more PDCCHs, for example, in order to find possible resourceallocation. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) one or moreuplink data packets via one or more PUSCH scheduled by the one or morePDCCHs, for example, if the wireless device successfully detects the oneor more PDCCHs.

The base station may allocate CS resources for uplink data transmissionto a wireless device. The base station may transmit one or more RRCmessages indicating a periodicity of the CS grant. The base station maysend (e.g., transmit) a DCI via a PDCCH addressed to a CS-RNTI toactivate the CS resources. The DCI may comprise parameters indicatingthat the uplink grant is a CS grant. The CS grant may be implicitlyreused according to the periodicity defined by the one or more RRCmessage, The CS grant may be implicitly reused, for example, untildeactivated.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) DCI and/or control signalingvia a PDCCH. The DCI may comprise a format of a plurality of formats.The DCI may comprise downlink and/or uplink scheduling information(e.g., resource allocation information, HARQ related parameters, MCS),request(s) for CSI (e.g., aperiodic CQI reports), request(s) for an SRS,uplink power control commands for one or more cells, one or more timinginformation (e.g., TB transmission/reception timing, HARQ feedbacktiming, etc.), and/or the like. The DCI may indicate an uplink grantcomprising transmission parameters for one or more transport blocks. TheDCI may indicate a downlink assignment indicating parameters forreceiving one or more transport blocks. The DCI may be used by the basestation to initiate a contention-free random access at the wirelessdevice. The base station may send (e.g., transmit) a DCI comprising aslot format indicator (SFI) indicating a slot format. The base stationmay send (e.g., transmit) a DCI comprising a pre-emption indicationindicating the PRB(s) and/or OFDM symbol(s) in which a wireless devicemay assume no transmission is intended for the wireless device. The basestation may send (e.g., transmit) a DCI for group power control of thePUCCH, the PUSCH, and/or an SRS. A DCI may correspond to an RNTI. Thewireless device may obtain an RNTI after or in response to completingthe initial access (e.g., C-RNTI). The base station may configure anRNTI for the wireless (e.g., CS-RNTI, TPC-CS-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI,TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, TPC-SRS-RNTI). The wireless device may determine (e.g.,compute) an RNTI (e.g., the wireless device may determine the RA-RNTIbased on resources used for transmission of a preamble). An RNTI mayhave a pre-configured value (e.g., P-RNTI or SI-RNTI). The wirelessdevice may monitor a group common search space which may be used by thebase station for sending (e.g., transmitting) DCIs that are intended fora group of wireless devices. A group common DCI may correspond to anRNTI which is commonly configured for a group of wireless devices. Thewireless device may monitor a wireless device-specific search space. Awireless device specific DCI may correspond to an RNTI configured forthe wireless device.

A communications system (e.g., an NR system) may support a single beamoperation and/or a multi-beam operation. In a multi-beam operation, abase station may perform a downlink beam sweeping to provide coveragefor common control channels and/or downlink SS blocks, which maycomprise at least a PSS, a SSS, and/or PBCH. A wireless device maymeasure quality of a beam pair link using one or more RSs. One or moreSS blocks, or one or more CSI-RS resources (e.g., which may beassociated with a CSI-RS resource index (CRI)), and/or one or moreDM-RSs of a PBCH, may be used as an RS for measuring a quality of a beampair link. The quality of a beam pair link may be based on a referencesignal received power (RSRP) value, a reference signal received quality(RSRQ) value, and/or a CSI value measured on RS resources. The basestation may indicate whether an RS resource, used for measuring a beampair link quality, is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with DM-RSs of a controlchannel. An RS resource and DM-RSs of a control channel may be calledQCLed, for example, if channel characteristics from a transmission on anRS to a wireless device, and that from a transmission on a controlchannel to a wireless device, are similar or the same under a configuredcriterion. In a multi-beam operation, a wireless device may perform anuplink beam sweeping to access a cell.

A wireless device may be configured to monitor a PDCCH on one or morebeam pair links simultaneously, for example, depending on a capabilityof the wireless device. This monitoring may increase robustness againstbeam pair link blocking. A base station may send (e.g., transmit) one ormore messages to configure the wireless device to monitor the PDCCH onone or more beam pair links in different PDCCH OFDM symbols. A basestation may send (e.g., transmit) higher layer signaling (e.g., RRCsignaling) and/or a MAC CE comprising parameters related to the Rx beamsetting of the wireless device for monitoring the PDCCH on one or morebeam pair links. The base station may send (e.g., transmit) anindication of a spatial QCL assumption between an DL RS antenna port(s)(e.g., a cell-specific CSI-RS, a wireless device-specific CSI-RS, an SSblock, and/or a PBCH with or without DM-RSs of the PBCH) and/or DL RSantenna port(s) for demodulation of a DL control channel. Signaling forbeam indication for a PDCCH may comprise MAC CE signaling, RRCsignaling, DCI signaling, and/or specification-transparent and/orimplicit method, and/or any combination of signaling methods.

A base station may indicate spatial QCL parameters between DL RS antennaport(s) and DM-RS antenna port(s) of a DL data channel, for example, forreception of a unicast DL data channel. The base station may send (e.g.,transmit) DCI (e.g., downlink grants) comprising information indicatingthe RS antenna port(s). The information may indicate RS antenna port(s)that may be QCL-ed with the DM-RS antenna port(s). A different set ofDM-RS antenna port(s) for a DL data channel may be indicated as QCL witha different set of the RS antenna port(s).

FIG. 9A shows an example of beam sweeping in a DL channel. In anRRC_INACTIVE state or RRC_IDLE state, a wireless device may assume thatSS blocks form an SS burst 940, and an SS burst set 950. The SS burstset 950 may have a given periodicity. A base station 120 may send (e.g.,transmit) SS blocks in multiple beams, together forming a SS burst 940,for example, in a multi-beam operation. One or more SS blocks may besent (e.g., transmitted) on one beam. If multiple SS bursts 940 aretransmitted with multiple beams, SS bursts together may form SS burstset 950.

A wireless device may use CSI-RS for estimating a beam quality of a linkbetween a wireless device and a base station, for example, in the multibeam operation. A beam may be associated with a CSI-RS. A wirelessdevice may (e.g., based on a RSRP measurement on CSI-RS) report a beamindex, which may be indicated in a CRI for downlink beam selectionand/or associated with an RSRP value of a beam. A CSI-RS may be sent(e.g., transmitted) on a CSI-RS resource, which may comprise at leastone of: one or more antenna ports and/or one or more time and/orfrequency radio resources. A CSI-RS resource may be configured in acell-specific way such as by common RRC signaling, or in a wirelessdevice-specific way such as by dedicated RRC signaling and/or L1/L2signaling. Multiple wireless devices covered by a cell may measure acell-specific CSI-RS resource. A dedicated subset of wireless devicescovered by a cell may measure a wireless device-specific CSI-RSresource.

A CSI-RS resource may be sent (e.g., transmitted) periodically, usingaperiodic transmission, or using a multi-shot or semi-persistenttransmission. In a periodic transmission in FIG. 9A, a base station 120may send (e.g., transmit) configured CSI-RS resources 940 periodicallyusing a configured periodicity in a time domain. In an aperiodictransmission, a configured CSI-RS resource may be sent (e.g.,transmitted) in a dedicated time slot. In a multi-shot and/orsemi-persistent transmission, a configured CSI-RS resource may be sent(e.g., transmitted) within a configured period. Beams used for CSI-RStransmission may have a different beam width than beams used forSS-blocks transmission.

FIG. 9B shows an example of a beam management procedure, such as in anexample new radio network. The base station 120 and/or the wirelessdevice 110 may perform a downlink L1/L2 beam management procedure. Oneor more of the following downlink L1/L2 beam management procedures maybe performed within one or more wireless devices 110 and one or morebase stations 120. A P1 procedure 910 may be used to enable the wirelessdevice 110 to measure one or more Transmission (Tx) beams associatedwith the base station 120, for example, to support a selection of afirst set of Tx beams associated with the base station 120 and a firstset of Rx beam(s) associated with the wireless device 110. A basestation 120 may sweep a set of different Tx beams, for example, forbeamforming at a base station 120 (such as shown in the top row, in acounter-clockwise direction). A wireless device 110 may sweep a set ofdifferent Rx beams, for example, for beamforming at a wireless device110 (such as shown in the bottom row, in a clockwise direction). A P2procedure 920 may be used to enable a wireless device 110 to measure oneor more Tx beams associated with a base station 120, for example, topossibly change a first set of Tx beams associated with a base station120. A P2 procedure 920 may be performed on a possibly smaller set ofbeams (e.g., for beam refinement) than in the P1 procedure 910. A P2procedure 920 may be a special example of a P1 procedure 910. A P3procedure 930 may be used to enable a wireless device 110 to measure atleast one Tx beam associated with a base station 120, for example, tochange a first set of Rx beams associated with a wireless device 110.

A wireless device 110 may send (e.g., transmit) one or more beammanagement reports to a base station 120. In one or more beam managementreports, a wireless device 110 may indicate one or more beam pairquality parameters comprising one or more of: a beam identification; anRSRP; a Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI), Channel Quality Indicator(CQI), and/or Rank Indicator (RI) of a subset of configured beams. Basedon one or more beam management reports, the base station 120 may send(e.g., transmit) to a wireless device 110 a signal indicating that oneor more beam pair links are one or more serving beams. The base station120 may send (e.g., transmit) the PDCCH and the PDSCH for a wirelessdevice 110 using one or more serving beams.

A communications network (e.g., a new radio network) may support aBandwidth Adaptation (BA). Receive and/or transmit bandwidths that maybe configured for a wireless device using a BA may not be large. Receiveand/or transmit bandwidth may not be as large as a bandwidth of a cell.Receive and/or transmit bandwidths may be adjustable. A wireless devicemay change receive and/or transmit bandwidths, for example, to reduce(e.g., shrink) the bandwidth(s) at (e.g., during) a period of lowactivity such as to save power. A wireless device may change a locationof receive and/or transmit bandwidths in a frequency domain, forexample, to increase scheduling flexibility. A wireless device maychange a subcarrier spacing, for example, to allow different services.

A Bandwidth Part (BWP) may comprise a subset of a total cell bandwidthof a cell. A base station may configure a wireless device with one ormore BWPs, for example, to achieve a BA. A base station may indicate, toa wireless device, which of the one or more (configured) BWPs is anactive BWP.

FIG. 10 shows an example diagram of BWP configurations. BWPs may beconfigured as follows: BWP1 (1010 and 1050) with a width of 40 MHz andsubcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP2 (1020 and 1040) with a width of 10MHz and subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP3 1030 with a width of 20 MHzand subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz. Any number of BWP configurations maycomprise any other width and subcarrier spacing combination.

A wireless device, configured for operation in one or more BWPs of acell, may be configured by one or more higher layers (e.g., RRC layer).The wireless device may be configured for a cell with: a set of one ormore BWPs (e.g., at most four BWPs) for reception (e.g., a DL BWP set)in a DL bandwidth by at least one parameter DL-BWP; and a set of one ormore BWPs (e.g., at most four BWPs) for transmissions (e.g., UL BWP set)in an UL bandwidth by at least one parameter UL-BWP.

A base station may configure a wireless device with one or more UL andDL BWP pairs, for example, to enable BA on the PCell. To enable BA onSCells (e.g., for CA), a base station may configure a wireless device atleast with one or more DL BWPs (e.g., there may be none in an UL).

An initial active DL BWP may comprise at least one of a location andnumber of contiguous PRBs, a subcarrier spacing, or a cyclic prefix, forexample, for a control resource set for at least one common searchspace. For operation on the PCell, one or more higher layer parametersmay indicate at least one initial UL BWP for a random access procedure.If a wireless device is configured with a secondary carrier on a primarycell, the wireless device may be configured with an initial BWP forrandom access procedure on a secondary carrier.

A wireless device may expect that a center frequency for a DL BWP may besame as a center frequency for a UL BWP, for example, for unpairedspectrum operation. A base statin may semi-statically configure awireless device for a cell with one or more parameters, for example, fora DL BWP or an UL BWP in a set of one or more DL BWPs or one or more ULBWPs, respectively. The one or more parameters may indicate one or moreof following: a subcarrier spacing; a cyclic prefix; a number ofcontiguous PRBs; an index in the set of one or more DL BWPs and/or oneor more UL BWPs; a link between a DL BWP and an UL BWP from a set ofconfigured DL BWPs and UL BWPs; a DCI detection to a PDSCH receptiontiming; a PDSCH reception to a HARQ-ACK transmission timing value; a DCIdetection to a PUSCH transmission timing value; and/or an offset of afirst PRB of a DL bandwidth or an UL bandwidth, respectively, relativeto a first PRB of a bandwidth.

For a DL BWP in a set of one or more DL BWPs on a PCell, a base stationmay configure a wireless device with one or more control resource setsfor at least one type of common search space and/or one wirelessdevice-specific search space. A base station may not configure awireless device without a common search space on a PCell, or on aPSCell, in an active DL BWP. For an UL BWP in a set of one or more ULBWPs, a base station may configure a wireless device with one or moreresource sets for one or more PUCCH transmissions.

A DCI may comprise a BWP indicator field. The BWP indicator field valuemay indicate an active DL BWP, from a configured DL BWP set, for one ormore DL receptions. The BWP indicator field value may indicate an activeUL BWP, from a configured UL BWP set, for one or more UL transmissions.

For a PCell, a base station may semi-statically configure a wirelessdevice with a default DL BWP among configured DL BWPs. If a wirelessdevice is not provided a default DL BWP, a default BWP may be an initialactive DL BWP.

A base station may configure a wireless device with a timer value for aPCell. A wireless device may start a timer (e.g., a BWP inactivitytimer), for example, if a wireless device detects a DCI indicating anactive DL BWP, other than a default DL BWP, for a paired spectrumoperation, and/or if a wireless device detects a DCI indicating anactive DL BWP or UL BWP, other than a default DL BWP or UL BWP, for anunpaired spectrum operation. The wireless device may increment the timerby an interval of a first value (e.g., the first value may be 1millisecond, 0.5 milliseconds, or any other time duration), for example,if the wireless device does not detect a DCI at (e.g., during) theinterval for a paired spectrum operation or for an unpaired spectrumoperation. The timer may expire at a time that the timer is equal to thetimer value. A wireless device may switch to the default DL BWP from anactive DL BWP, for example, if the timer expires.

A base station may semi-statically configure a wireless device with oneor more BWPs. A wireless device may switch an active BWP from a firstBWP to a second BWP, for example, after or in response to receiving aDCI indicating the second BWP as an active BWP, and/or after or inresponse to an expiry of BWP inactivity timer (e.g., the second BWP maybe a default BWP). FIG. 10 shows an example diagram of three BWPsconfigured, BWP1 (1010 and 1050), BWP2 (1020 and 1040), and BWP3 (1030).BWP2 (1020 and 1040) may be a default BWP. BWP1 (1010) may be an initialactive BWP. A wireless device may switch an active BWP from BWP1 1010 toBWP2 1020, for example, after or in response to an expiry of the BWPinactivity timer. A wireless device may switch an active BWP from BWP21020 to BWP3 1030, for example, after or in response to receiving a DCIindicating BWP3 1030 as an active BWP. Switching an active BWP from BWP31030 to BWP2 1040 and/or from BWP2 1040 to BWP1 1050 may be after or inresponse to receiving a DCI indicating an active BWP, and/or after or inresponse to an expiry of BWP inactivity timer.

Wireless device procedures on a secondary cell may be same as on aprimary cell using the timer value for the secondary cell and thedefault DL BWP for the secondary cell, for example, if a wireless deviceis configured for a secondary cell with a default DL BWP amongconfigured DL BWPs and a timer value. A wireless device may use anindicated DL BWP and an indicated UL BWP on a secondary cell as arespective first active DL BWP and first active UL BWP on a secondarycell or carrier, for example, if a base station configures a wirelessdevice with a first active DL BWP and a first active UL BWP on asecondary cell or carrier.

FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B show packet flows using a multi connectivity(e.g., dual connectivity, multi connectivity, tight interworking, and/orthe like). FIG. 11A shows an example diagram of a protocol structure ofa wireless device 110 (e.g., UE) with CA and/or multi connectivity. FIG.11B shows an example diagram of a protocol structure of multiple basestations with CA and/or multi connectivity. The multiple base stationsmay comprise a master node, MN 1130 (e.g., a master node, a master basestation, a master gNB, a master eNB, and/or the like) and a secondarynode, SN 1150 (e.g., a secondary node, a secondary base station, asecondary gNB, a secondary eNB, and/or the like). A master node 1130 anda secondary node 1150 may co-work to communicate with a wireless device110.

If multi connectivity is configured for a wireless device 110, thewireless device 110, which may support multiple reception and/ortransmission functions in an RRC connected state, may be configured toutilize radio resources provided by multiple schedulers of a multiplebase stations. Multiple base stations may be inter-connected via anon-ideal or ideal backhaul (e.g., Xn interface, X2 interface, and/orthe like). A base station involved in multi connectivity for a certainwireless device may perform at least one of two different roles: a basestation may act as a master base station or act as a secondary basestation. In multi connectivity, a wireless device may be connected toone master base station and one or more secondary base stations. Amaster base station (e.g., the MN 1130) may provide a master cell group(MCG) comprising a primary cell and/or one or more secondary cells for awireless device (e.g., the wireless device 110). A secondary basestation (e.g., the SN 1150) may provide a secondary cell group (SCG)comprising a primary secondary cell (PSCell) and/or one or moresecondary cells for a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 110).

In multi connectivity, a radio protocol architecture that a bearer usesmay depend on how a bearer is setup. Three different types of bearersetup options may be supported: an MCG bearer, an SCG bearer, and/or asplit bearer. A wireless device may receive and/or send (e.g., transmit)packets of an MCG bearer via one or more cells of the MCG. A wirelessdevice may receive and/or send (e.g., transmit) packets of an SCG bearervia one or more cells of an SCG. Multi-connectivity may indicate havingat least one bearer configured to use radio resources provided by thesecondary base station. Multi-connectivity may or may not be configuredand/or implemented.

A wireless device (e.g., wireless device 110) may send (e.g., transmit)and/or receive: packets of an MCG bearer via an SDAP layer (e.g., SDAP1110), a PDCP layer (e.g., NR PDCP 1111), an RLC layer (e.g., MN RLC1114), and a MAC layer (e.g., MN MAC 1118); packets of a split bearervia an SDAP layer (e.g., SDAP 1110), a PDCP layer (e.g., NR PDCP 1112),one of a master or secondary RLC layer (e.g., MN RLC 1115, SN RLC 1116),and one of a master or secondary MAC layer (e.g., MN MAC 1118, SN MAC1119); and/or packets of an SCG bearer via an SDAP layer (e.g., SDAP1110), a PDCP layer (e.g., NR PDCP 1113), an RLC layer (e.g., SN RLC1117), and a MAC layer (e.g., MN MAC 1119).

A master base station (e.g., MN 1130) and/or a secondary base station(e.g., SN 1150) may send (e.g., transmit) and/or receive: packets of anMCG bearer via a master or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g., SDAP 1120,SDAP 1140), a master or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g., NR PDCP 1121,NR PDCP 1142), a master node RLC layer (e.g., MN RLC 1124, MN RLC 1125),and a master node MAC layer (e.g., MN MAC 1128); packets of an SCGbearer via a master or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g., SDAP 1120, SDAP1140), a master or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g., NR PDCP 1122, NRPDCP 1143), a secondary node RLC layer (e.g., SN RLC 1146, SN RLC 1147),and a secondary node MAC layer (e.g., SN MAC 1148); packets of a splitbearer via a master or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g., SDAP 1120, SDAP1140), a master or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g., NR PDCP 1123, NRPDCP 1141), a master or secondary node RLC layer (e.g., MN RLC 1126, SNRLC 1144, SN RLC 1145, MN RLC 1127), and a master or secondary node MAClayer (e.g., MN MAC 1128, SN MAC 1148).

In multi connectivity, a wireless device may configure multiple MACentities, such as one MAC entity (e.g., MN MAC 1118) for a master basestation, and other MAC entities (e.g., SN MAC 1119) for a secondary basestation. In multi-connectivity, a configured set of serving cells for awireless device may comprise two subsets: an MCG comprising servingcells of a master base station, and SCGs comprising serving cells of asecondary base station. For an SCG, one or more of followingconfigurations may be used. At least one cell of an SCG may have aconfigured UL CC and at least one cell of a SCG, named as primarysecondary cell (e.g., PSCell, PCell of SCG, PCell), and may beconfigured with PUCCH resources. If an SCG is configured, there may beat least one SCG bearer or one split bearer. After or upon detection ofa physical layer problem or a random access problem on a PSCell, or anumber of NR RLC retransmissions has been reached associated with theSCG, or after or upon detection of an access problem on a PSCellassociated with (e.g., during) a SCG addition or an SCG change: an RRCconnection re-establishment procedure may not be triggered, ULtransmissions towards cells of an SCG may be stopped, a master basestation may be informed by a wireless device of a SCG failure type, a DLdata transfer over a master base station may be maintained (e.g., for asplit bearer). An NR RLC acknowledged mode (AM) bearer may be configuredfor a split bearer. A PCell and/or a PSCell may not be de-activated. APSCell may be changed with a SCG change procedure (e.g., with securitykey change and a RACH procedure). A bearer type change between a splitbearer and a SCG bearer, and/or simultaneous configuration of a SCG anda split bearer, may or may not be supported.

With respect to interactions between a master base station and asecondary base stations for multi-connectivity, one or more of thefollowing may be used. A master base station and/or a secondary basestation may maintain RRM measurement configurations of a wirelessdevice. A master base station may determine (e.g., based on receivedmeasurement reports, traffic conditions, and/or bearer types) to requesta secondary base station to provide additional resources (e.g., servingcells) for a wireless device. After or upon receiving a request from amaster base station, a secondary base station may create and/or modify acontainer that may result in a configuration of additional serving cellsfor a wireless device (or decide that the secondary base station has noresource available to do so). For a wireless device capabilitycoordination, a master base station may provide (e.g., all or a part of)an AS configuration and wireless device capabilities to a secondary basestation. A master base station and a secondary base station may exchangeinformation about a wireless device configuration such as by using RRCcontainers (e.g., inter-node messages) carried via Xn messages. Asecondary base station may initiate a reconfiguration of the secondarybase station existing serving cells (e.g., PUCCH towards the secondarybase station). A secondary base station may decide which cell is aPSCell within a SCG. A master base station may or may not change contentof RRC configurations provided by a secondary base station. A masterbase station may provide recent (and/or the latest) measurement resultsfor SCG cell(s), for example, if an SCG addition and/or an SCG SCelladdition occurs. A master base station and secondary base stations mayreceive information of SFN and/or subframe offset of each other from anOAM and/or via an Xn interface (e.g., for a purpose of DRX alignmentand/or identification of a measurement gap). Dedicated RRC signaling maybe used for sending required system information of a cell as for CA, forexample, if adding a new SCG SCell, except for an SFN acquired from anMIB of a PSCell of a SCG.

FIG. 12 shows an example diagram of a random access procedure. One ormore events may trigger a random access procedure. For example, one ormore events may be at least one of following: initial access fromRRC_IDLE, RRC connection re-establishment procedure, handover, DL or ULdata arrival in (e.g., during) a state of RRC_CONNECTED (e.g., if ULsynchronization status is non-synchronized), transition fromRRC_Inactive, and/or request for other system information. A PDCCHorder, a MAC entity, and/or a beam failure indication may initiate arandom access procedure.

A random access procedure may comprise or be one of at least acontention based random access procedure and/or a contention free randomaccess procedure. A contention based random access procedure maycomprise one or more Msg 1 1220 transmissions, one or more Msg2 1230transmissions, one or more Msg3 1240 transmissions, and contentionresolution 1250. A contention free random access procedure may compriseone or more Msg 1 1220 transmissions and one or more Msg2 1230transmissions. One or more of Msg 1 1220, Msg 2 1230, Msg 3 1240, and/orcontention resolution 1250 may be transmitted in the same step. Atwo-step random access procedure, for example, may comprise a firsttransmission (e.g., Msg A) and a second transmission (e.g., Msg B). Thefirst transmission (e.g., Msg A) may comprise transmitting, by awireless device (e.g., wireless device 110) to a base station (e.g.,base station 120), one or more messages indicating an equivalent and/orsimilar contents of Msg1 1220 and Msg3 1240 of a four-step random accessprocedure. The second transmission (e.g., Msg B) may comprisetransmitting, by the base station (e.g., base station 120) to a wirelessdevice (e.g., wireless device 110) after or in response to the firstmessage, one or more messages indicating an equivalent and/or similarcontent of Msg2 1230 and contention resolution 1250 of a four-steprandom access procedure.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit, unicast, multicast, broadcast,etc.), to a wireless device, a RACH configuration 1210 via one or morebeams. The RACH configuration 1210 may comprise one or more parametersindicating at least one of following: an available set of PRACHresources for a transmission of a random access preamble, initialpreamble power (e.g., random access preamble initial received targetpower), an RSRP threshold for a selection of a SS block andcorresponding PRACH resource, a power-ramping factor (e.g., randomaccess preamble power ramping step), a random access preamble index, amaximum number of preamble transmissions, preamble group A and group B,a threshold (e.g., message size) to determine the groups of randomaccess preambles, a set of one or more random access preambles for asystem information request and corresponding PRACH resource(s) (e.g., ifany), a set of one or more random access preambles for beam failurerecovery request and corresponding PRACH resource(s) (e.g., if any), atime window to monitor RA response(s), a time window to monitorresponse(s) on beam failure recovery request, and/or a contentionresolution timer.

The Msg 1 1220 may comprise one or more transmissions of a random accesspreamble. For a contention based random access procedure, a wirelessdevice may select an SS block with an RSRP above the RSRP threshold. Ifrandom access preambles group B exists, a wireless device may select oneor more random access preambles from a group A or a group B, forexample, depending on a potential Msg3 1240 size. If a random accesspreambles group B does not exist, a wireless device may select the oneor more random access preambles from a group A. A wireless device mayselect a random access preamble index randomly (e.g., with equalprobability or a normal distribution) from one or more random accesspreambles associated with a selected group. If a base stationsemi-statically configures a wireless device with an association betweenrandom access preambles and SS blocks, the wireless device may select arandom access preamble index randomly with equal probability from one ormore random access preambles associated with a selected SS block and aselected group.

A wireless device may initiate a contention free random accessprocedure, for example, based on a beam failure indication from a lowerlayer. A base station may semi-statically configure a wireless devicewith one or more contention free PRACH resources for beam failurerecovery request associated with at least one of SS blocks and/orCSI-RSs. A wireless device may select a random access preamble indexcorresponding to a selected SS block or a CSI-RS from a set of one ormore random access preambles for beam failure recovery request, forexample, if at least one of the SS blocks with an RSRP above a firstRSRP threshold amongst associated SS blocks is available, and/or if atleast one of CSI-RSs with a RSRP above a second RSRP threshold amongstassociated CSI-RSs is available.

A wireless device may receive, from a base station, a random accesspreamble index via PDCCH or RRC for a contention free random accessprocedure. The wireless device may select a random access preambleindex, for example, if a base station does not configure a wirelessdevice with at least one contention free PRACH resource associated withSS blocks or CSI-RS. The wireless device may select the at least one SSblock and/or select a random access preamble corresponding to the atleast one SS block, for example, if a base station configures thewireless device with one or more contention free PRACH resourcesassociated with SS blocks and/or if at least one SS block with a RSRPabove a first RSRP threshold amongst associated SS blocks is available.The wireless device may select the at least one CSI-RS and/or select arandom access preamble corresponding to the at least one CSI-RS, forexample, if a base station configures a wireless device with one or morecontention free PRACH resources associated with CSI-RSs and/or if atleast one CSI-RS with a RSRP above a second RSPR threshold amongst theassociated CSI-RSs is available.

A wireless device may perform one or more Msg1 1220 transmissions, forexample, by sending (e.g., transmitting) the selected random accesspreamble. The wireless device may determine an PRACH occasion from oneor more PRACH occasions corresponding to a selected SS block, forexample, if the wireless device selects an SS block and is configuredwith an association between one or more PRACH occasions and/or one ormore SS blocks. The wireless device may determine a PRACH occasion fromone or more PRACH occasions corresponding to a selected CSI-RS, forexample, if the wireless device selects a CSI-RS and is configured withan association between one or more PRACH occasions and one or moreCSI-RSs. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit), to a basestation, a selected random access preamble via a selected PRACHoccasions. The wireless device may determine a transmit power for atransmission of a selected random access preamble at least based on aninitial preamble power and a power-ramping factor. The wireless devicemay determine an RA-RNTI associated with a selected PRACH occasion inwhich a selected random access preamble is sent (e.g., transmitted). Thewireless device may not determine an RA-RNTI for a beam failure recoveryrequest. The wireless device may determine an RA-RNTI at least based onan index of a first OFDM symbol, an index of a first slot of a selectedPRACH occasions, and/or an uplink carrier index for a transmission ofMsg 1 1220.

A wireless device may receive, from a base station, a random accessresponse, Msg 2 1230. The wireless device may start a time window (e.g.,ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor a random access response. For beam failurerecovery request, the base station may configure the wireless devicewith a different time window (e.g., bfr-ResponseWindow) to monitorresponse on beam failure recovery request. The wireless device may starta time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow or bfr-ResponseWindow) at a startof a first PDCCH occasion, for example, after a fixed duration of one ormore symbols from an end of a preamble transmission. If the wirelessdevice sends (e.g., transmits) multiple preambles, the wireless devicemay start a time window at a start of a first PDCCH occasion after afixed duration of one or more symbols from an end of a first preambletransmission. The wireless device may monitor a PDCCH of a cell for atleast one random access response identified by a RA-RNTI, or for atleast one response to beam failure recovery request identified by aC-RNTI, at a time that a timer for a time window is running.

A wireless device may determine that a reception of random accessresponse is successful, for example, if at least one random accessresponse comprises a random access preamble identifier corresponding toa random access preamble sent (e.g., transmitted) by the wirelessdevice. The wireless device may determine that the contention freerandom access procedure is successfully completed, for example, if areception of a random access response is successful. The wireless devicemay determine that a contention free random access procedure issuccessfully complete, for example, if a contention free random accessprocedure is triggered for a beam failure recovery request and if aPDCCH transmission is addressed to a C-RNTI. The wireless device maydetermine that the random access procedure is successfully completed,and may indicate a reception of an acknowledgement for a systeminformation request to upper layers, for example, if at least one randomaccess response comprises only a random access preamble identifier. Thewireless device may stop sending (e.g., transmitting) remainingpreambles (if any) after or in response to a successful reception of acorresponding random access response, for example, if the wirelessdevice has signaled multiple preamble transmissions.

The wireless device may perform one or more Msg 3 1240 transmissions,for example, after or in response to a successful reception of randomaccess response (e.g., for a contention based random access procedure).The wireless device may adjust an uplink transmission timing, forexample, based on a timing advanced command indicated by a random accessresponse. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) one or moretransport blocks, for example, based on an uplink grant indicated by arandom access response. Subcarrier spacing for PUSCH transmission forMsg3 1240 may be provided by at least one higher layer (e.g., RRC)parameter. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) a random accesspreamble via a PRACH, and Msg3 1240 via PUSCH, on the same cell. A basestation may indicate an UL BWP for a PUSCH transmission of Msg3 1240 viasystem information block. The wireless device may use HARQ for aretransmission of Msg 3 1240.

Multiple wireless devices may perform Msg 1 1220, for example, bysending (e.g., transmitting) the same preamble to a base station. Themultiple wireless devices may receive, from the base station, the samerandom access response comprising an identity (e.g., TC-RNTI).Contention resolution (e.g., comprising the wireless device 110receiving contention resolution 1250) may be used to increase thelikelihood that a wireless device does not incorrectly use an identityof another wireless device. The contention resolution 1250 may be basedon, for example, a C-RNTI on a PDCCH, and/or a wireless devicecontention resolution identity on a DL-SCH. If a base station assigns aC-RNTI to a wireless device, the wireless device may perform contentionresolution (e.g., comprising receiving contention resolution 1250), forexample, based on a reception of a PDCCH transmission that is addressedto the C-RNTI. The wireless device may determine that contentionresolution is successful, and/or that a random access procedure issuccessfully completed, for example, after or in response to detecting aC-RNTI on a PDCCH. If a wireless device has no valid C-RNTI, acontention resolution may be addressed by using a TC-RNTI. If a MAC PDUis successfully decoded and a MAC PDU comprises a wireless devicecontention resolution identity MAC CE that matches or otherwisecorresponds with the CCCH SDU sent (e.g., transmitted) in Msg3 1250, thewireless device may determine that the contention resolution (e.g.,comprising contention resolution 1250) is successful and/or the wirelessdevice may determine that the random access procedure is successfullycompleted.

FIG. 13 shows an example structure for MAC entities. A wireless devicemay be configured to operate in a multi-connectivity mode. A wirelessdevice in RRC_CONNECTED with multiple Rx/Tx may be configured to utilizeradio resources provided by multiple schedulers that may be located in aplurality of base stations. The plurality of base stations may beconnected via a non-ideal or ideal backhaul over the Xn interface. Abase station in a plurality of base stations may act as a master basestation or as a secondary base station. A wireless device may beconnected to and/or in communication with, for example, one master basestation and one or more secondary base stations. A wireless device maybe configured with multiple MAC entities, for example, one MAC entityfor a master base station, and one or more other MAC entities forsecondary base station(s). A configured set of serving cells for awireless device may comprise two subsets: an MCG comprising servingcells of a master base station, and one or more SCGs comprising servingcells of a secondary base station(s). FIG. 13 shows an example structurefor MAC entities in which a MCG and a SCG are configured for a wirelessdevice.

At least one cell in a SCG may have a configured UL CC. A cell of the atleast one cell may comprise a PSCell or a PCell of a SCG, or a PCell. APSCell may be configured with PUCCH resources. There may be at least oneSCG bearer, or one split bearer, for a SCG that is configured. After orupon detection of a physical layer problem or a random access problem ona PSCell, after or upon reaching a number of RLC retransmissionsassociated with the SCG, and/or after or upon detection of an accessproblem on a PSCell associated with (e.g., during) a SCG addition or aSCG change: an RRC connection re-establishment procedure may not betriggered, UL transmissions towards cells of a SCG may be stopped,and/or a master base station may be informed by a wireless device of aSCG failure type and DL data transfer over a master base station may bemaintained.

A MAC sublayer may provide services such as data transfer and radioresource allocation to upper layers (e.g., 1310 or 1320). A MAC sublayermay comprise a plurality of MAC entities (e.g., 1350 and 1360). A MACsublayer may provide data transfer services on logical channels. Toaccommodate different kinds of data transfer services, multiple types oflogical channels may be defined. A logical channel may support transferof a particular type of information. A logical channel type may bedefined by what type of information (e.g., control or data) istransferred. BCCH, PCCH, CCCH and/or DCCH may be control channels, andDTCH may be a traffic channel. A first MAC entity (e.g., 1310) mayprovide services on PCCH, BCCH, CCCH, DCCH, DTCH, and/or MAC controlelements. A second MAC entity (e.g., 1320) may provide services on BCCH,DCCH, DTCH, and/or MAC control elements.

A MAC sublayer may expect from a physical layer (e.g., 1330 or 1340)services such as data transfer services, signaling of HARQ feedback,and/or signaling of scheduling request or measurements (e.g., CQI). Indual connectivity, two MAC entities may be configured for a wirelessdevice: one for a MCG and one for a SCG. A MAC entity of a wirelessdevice may handle a plurality of transport channels. A first MAC entitymay handle first transport channels comprising a PCCH of a MCG, a firstBCH of the MCG, one or more first DL-SCHs of the MCG, one or more firstUL-SCHs of the MCG, and/or one or more first RACHs of the MCG. A secondMAC entity may handle second transport channels comprising a second BCHof a SCG, one or more second DL-SCHs of the SCG, one or more secondUL-SCHs of the SCG, and/or one or more second RACHs of the SCG.

If a MAC entity is configured with one or more SCells, there may bemultiple DL-SCHs, multiple UL-SCHs, and/or multiple RACHs per MACentity. There may be one DL-SCH and/or one UL-SCH on an SpCell. Theremay be one DL-SCH, zero or one UL-SCH, and/or zero or one RACH for anSCell. A DL-SCH may support receptions using different numerologiesand/or TTI duration within a MAC entity. A UL-SCH may supporttransmissions using different numerologies and/or TTI duration withinthe MAC entity.

A MAC sublayer may support different functions. The MAC sublayer maycontrol these functions with a control (e.g., Control 1355 and/orControl 1365) element. Functions performed by a MAC entity may compriseone or more of: mapping between logical channels and transport channels(e.g., in uplink or downlink), multiplexing (e.g., (De-) Multiplexing1352 and/or (De-) Multiplexing 1362) of MAC SDUs from one or differentlogical channels onto transport blocks (TBs) to be delivered to thephysical layer on transport channels (e.g., in uplink), demultiplexing(e.g., (De-) Multiplexing 1352 and/or (De-) Multiplexing 1362) of MACSDUs to one or different logical channels from transport blocks (TBs)delivered from the physical layer on transport channels (e.g., indownlink), scheduling information reporting (e.g., in uplink), errorcorrection through HARQ in uplink and/or downlink (e.g., 1363), andlogical channel prioritization in uplink (e.g., Logical ChannelPrioritization 1351 and/or Logical Channel Prioritization 1361). A MACentity may handle a random access process (e.g., Random Access Control1354 and/or Random Access Control 1364).

FIG. 14 shows an example diagram of a RAN architecture comprising one ormore base stations. A protocol stack (e.g., RRC, SDAP, PDCP, RLC, MAC,and/or PHY) may be supported at a node. A base station (e.g., gNB 120Aand/or 120B) may comprise a base station central unit (CU) (e.g., gNB-CU1420A or 1420B) and at least one base station distributed unit (DU)(e.g., gNB-DU 1430A, 1430B, 1430C, and/or 1430D), for example, if afunctional split is configured. Upper protocol layers of a base stationmay be located in a base station CU, and lower layers of the basestation may be located in the base station DUs. An F1 interface (e.g.,CU-DU interface) connecting a base station CU and base station DUs maybe an ideal or non-ideal backhaul. F1-C may provide a control planeconnection over an F1 interface, and F1-U may provide a user planeconnection over the F1 interface. An Xn interface may be configuredbetween base station CUs.

A base station CU may comprise an RRC function, an SDAP layer, and/or aPDCP layer. Base station DUs may comprise an RLC layer, a MAC layer,and/or a PHY layer. Various functional split options between a basestation CU and base station DUs may be possible, for example, bylocating different combinations of upper protocol layers (e.g., RANfunctions) in a base station CU and different combinations of lowerprotocol layers (e.g., RAN functions) in base station DUs. A functionalsplit may support flexibility to move protocol layers between a basestation CU and base station DUs, for example, depending on servicerequirements and/or network environments.

Functional split options may be configured per base station, per basestation CU, per base station DU, per wireless device, per bearer, perslice, and/or with other granularities. In a per base station CU split,a base station CU may have a fixed split option, and base station DUsmay be configured to match a split option of a base station CU. In a perbase station DU split, a base station DU may be configured with adifferent split option, and a base station CU may provide differentsplit options for different base station DUs. In a per wireless devicesplit, a base station (e.g., a base station CU and at least one basestation DUs) may provide different split options for different wirelessdevices. In a per bearer split, different split options may be utilizedfor different bearers. In a per slice splice, different split optionsmay be used for different slices.

FIG. 15 shows an example diagram showing RRC state transitions of awireless device. A wireless device may be in at least one RRC stateamong an RRC connected state (e.g., RRC Connected 1530, RRC_Connected,etc.), an RRC idle state (e.g., RRC Idle 1510, RRC_Idle, etc.), and/oran RRC inactive state (e.g., RRC Inactive 1520, RRC_Inactive, etc.). Inan RRC connected state, a wireless device may have at least one RRCconnection with at least one base station (e.g., gNB and/or eNB), whichmay have a context of the wireless device (e.g., UE context). A wirelessdevice context (e.g., UE context) may comprise at least one of an accessstratum context, one or more radio link configuration parameters, bearer(e.g., data radio bearer (DRB), signaling radio bearer (SRB), logicalchannel, QoS flow, PDU session, and/or the like) configurationinformation, security information, PHY/MAC/RLC/PDCP/SDAP layerconfiguration information, and/or the like configuration information fora wireless device. In an RRC idle state, a wireless device may not havean RRC connection with a base station, and a context of the wirelessdevice may not be stored in a base station. In an RRC inactive state, awireless device may not have an RRC connection with a base station. Acontext of a wireless device may be stored in a base station, which maycomprise an anchor base station (e.g., a last serving base station).

A wireless device may transition an RRC state (e.g., UE RRC state)between an RRC idle state and an RRC connected state in both ways (e.g.,connection release 1540 or connection establishment 1550; and/orconnection reestablishment) and/or between an RRC inactive state and anRRC connected state in both ways (e.g., connection inactivation 1570 orconnection resume 1580). A wireless device may transition its RRC statefrom an RRC inactive state to an RRC idle state (e.g., connectionrelease 1560).

An anchor base station may be a base station that may keep a context ofa wireless device (e.g., UE context) at least at (e.g., during) a timeperiod that the wireless device stays in a RAN notification area (RNA)of an anchor base station, and/or at (e.g., during) a time period thatthe wireless device stays in an RRC inactive state. An anchor basestation may comprise a base station that a wireless device in an RRCinactive state was most recently connected to in a latest RRC connectedstate, and/or a base station in which a wireless device most recentlyperformed an RNA update procedure. An RNA may comprise one or more cellsoperated by one or more base stations. A base station may belong to oneor more RNAs. A cell may belong to one or more RNAs.

A wireless device may transition, in a base station, an RRC state (e.g.,UE RRC state) from an RRC connected state to an RRC inactive state. Thewireless device may receive RNA information from the base station. RNAinformation may comprise at least one of an RNA identifier, one or morecell identifiers of one or more cells of an RNA, a base stationidentifier, an IP address of the base station, an AS context identifierof the wireless device, a resume identifier, and/or the like.

An anchor base station may broadcast a message (e.g., RAN pagingmessage) to base stations of an RNA to reach to a wireless device in anRRC inactive state. The base stations receiving the message from theanchor base station may broadcast and/or multicast another message(e.g., paging message) to wireless devices in their coverage area, cellcoverage area, and/or beam coverage area associated with the RNA via anair interface.

A wireless device may perform an RNA update (RNAU) procedure, forexample, if the wireless device is in an RRC inactive state and movesinto a new RNA. The RNAU procedure may comprise a random accessprocedure by the wireless device and/or a context retrieve procedure(e.g., UE context retrieve). A context retrieve procedure may comprise:receiving, by a base station from a wireless device, a random accesspreamble; and requesting and/or receiving (e.g., fetching), by a basestation, a context of the wireless device (e.g., UE context) from an oldanchor base station. The requesting and/or receiving (e.g., fetching)may comprise: sending a retrieve context request message (e.g., UEcontext request message) comprising a resume identifier to the oldanchor base station and receiving a retrieve context response messagecomprising the context of the wireless device from the old anchor basestation.

A wireless device in an RRC inactive state may select a cell to camp onbased on at least a measurement result for one or more cells, a cell inwhich a wireless device may monitor an RNA paging message, and/or a corenetwork paging message from a base station. A wireless device in an RRCinactive state may select a cell to perform a random access procedure toresume an RRC connection and/or to send (e.g., transmit) one or morepackets to a base station (e.g., to a network). The wireless device mayinitiate a random access procedure to perform an RNA update procedure,for example, if a cell selected belongs to a different RNA from an RNAfor the wireless device in an RRC inactive state. The wireless devicemay initiate a random access procedure to send (e.g., transmit) one ormore packets to a base station of a cell that the wireless deviceselects, for example, if the wireless device is in an RRC inactive stateand has one or more packets (e.g., in a buffer) to send (e.g., transmit)to a network. A random access procedure may be performed with twomessages (e.g., 2 stage or 2-step random access) and/or four messages(e.g., 4 stage or 4-step random access) between the wireless device andthe base station.

A base station receiving one or more uplink packets from a wirelessdevice in an RRC inactive state may request and/or receive (e.g., fetch)a context of a wireless device (e.g., UE context), for example, bysending (e.g., transmitting) a retrieve context request message for thewireless device to an anchor base station of the wireless device basedon at least one of an AS context identifier, an RNA identifier, a basestation identifier, a resume identifier, and/or a cell identifierreceived from the wireless device. A base station may send (e.g.,transmit) a path switch request for a wireless device to a core networkentity (e.g., AMF, MME, and/or the like), for example, after or inresponse to requesting and/or receiving (e.g., fetching) a context. Acore network entity may update a downlink tunnel endpoint identifier forone or more bearers established for the wireless device between a userplane core network entity (e.g., UPF, S-GW, and/or the like) and a RANnode (e.g., the base station), such as by changing a downlink tunnelendpoint identifier from an address of the anchor base station to anaddress of the base station.

A base station may communicate with a wireless device via a wirelessnetwork using one or more technologies, such as new radio technologies(e.g., NR, 5G, etc.). The one or more radio technologies may comprise atleast one of: multiple technologies related to physical layer; multipletechnologies related to medium access control layer; and/or multipletechnologies related to radio resource control layer Enhancing the oneor more radio technologies may improve performance of a wirelessnetwork. System throughput, and/or data rate of transmission, may beincreased. Battery consumption of a wireless device may be reduced.Latency of data transmission between a base station and a wirelessdevice may be improved. Network coverage of a wireless network may beimproved. Transmission efficiency of a wireless network may be improved.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) one or more MAC PDUs to awireless device. A MAC PDU may comprise a bit string that may be bytealigned (e.g., multiple of eight bits) in length. Bit strings may berepresented by tables in which the most significant bit is the leftmostbit of the first line of the table, and the least significant bit is therightmost bit on the last line of the table. The bit string may be readfrom the left to right, and then, in the reading order of the lines. Thebit order of a parameter field within a MAC PDU may be represented withthe first and most significant bit in the leftmost bit, and with thelast and least significant bit in the rightmost bit.

A MAC SDU may comprise a bit string that is byte aligned (e.g., multipleof eight bits) in length. A MAC SDU may be included in a MAC PDU, forexample, from the first bit onward.

In an example, a MAC CE may be a bit string that is byte aligned (e.g.,multiple of eight bits) in length. A MAC subheader may be a bit stringthat is byte aligned (e.g., multiple of eight bits) in length. A MACsubheader may be placed immediately in front of the corresponding MACSDU, MAC CE, and/or padding. A MAC entity may ignore a value of reservedbits in a DL MAC PDU.

A MAC PDU may comprise one or more MAC subPDUs. A MAC subPDU of the oneor more MAC subPDUs may comprise at least one of: a MAC subheader only(e.g., including padding); a MAC subhearder and a MAC SDU; a MACsubheader and a MAC CE; and/or a MAC subheader and padding. The MAC SDUmay be of variable size. A MAC subheader may correspond to a MAC SDU, aMAC CE, and/or padding.

A MAC subheader may comprise: an R field comprising one bit; an F fieldwith one bit in length; an LCID field with multiple bits in length; an Lfield with multiple bits in length, for example, if the MAC subheadercorresponds to a MAC SDU, a variable-sized MAC CE, and/or padding.

FIG. 16A shows an example of a MAC subheader comprising an eight-bit Lfield. The LCID field may have six bits in length. The L field may haveeight bits in length.

FIG. 16B shows an example of a MAC subheader with a sixteen-bit L field.The LCID field may have six bits in length. The L field may have sixteenbits in length. A MAC subheader may comprise: a R field comprising twobits in length; and an LCID field comprising multiple bits in length(e.g., if the MAC subheader corresponds to a fixed sized MAC CE), and/orpadding.

FIG. 16C shows an example of the MAC subheader. The LCID field maycomprise six bits in length, and the R field may comprise two bits inlength.

FIG. 17A shows an example of a DL MAC PDU. Multiple MAC CEs may beplaced together. A MAC subPDU comprising MAC CE may be placed before anyMAC subPDU comprising a MAC SDU, and/or before a MAC subPDU comprisingpadding.

FIG. 17B shows an example of a UL MAC PDU. Multiple MAC CEs may beplaced together. A MAC subPDU comprising a MAC CE may be placed afterall MAC subPDU comprising a MAC SDU. The MAC subPDU may be placed beforea MAC subPDU comprising padding.

FIG. 18A shows an example of multiple LCIDs associated with the one ormore MAC CEs. A MAC entity of a base station may send (e.g., transmit)to a MAC entity of a wireless device one or more MAC CEs. The one ormore MAC CEs may comprise at least one of: a wireless device (e.g., UE)contention resolution identity MAC CE; a timing advance command MAC CE;a DRX command MAC CE; a long DRX command MAC CE; an SCell activationand/or deactivation MAC CE (e.g., 1 Octet); an SCell activation and/ordeactivation MAC CE (e.g., 4 Octet); and/or a duplication activationand/or deactivation MAC CE. A MAC CE may comprise an LCID in thecorresponding MAC subheader. Different MAC CEs may have different LCIDin the corresponding MAC subheader. An LCID with 111011 in a MACsubheader may indicate a MAC CE associated with the MAC subheader is along DRX command MAC CE.

FIG. 18B shows an example of the one or more MAC CEs. The MAC entity ofthe wireless device may send (e.g., transmit), to the MAC entity of thebase station, one or more MAC CEs. The one or more MAC CEs may compriseat least one of: a short buffer status report (BSR) MAC CE; a long BSRMAC CE; a C-RNTI MAC CE; a configured grant confirmation MAC CE; asingle entry PHR MAC CE; a multiple entry PHR MAC CE; a short truncatedBSR; and/or a long truncated BSR. A MAC CE may comprise an LCID in thecorresponding MAC subheader. Different MAC CEs may have different LCIDsin the corresponding MAC subheader. The LCID with 111011 in a MACsubheader may indicate a MAC CE associated with the MAC subheader is ashort-truncated command MAC CE.

Two or more component carriers (CCs) may be aggregated, for example, ina carrier aggregation. A wireless device may simultaneously receiveand/or transmit on one or more CCs, for example, depending oncapabilities of the wireless device. The CA may be supported forcontiguous CCs. The CA may be supported for non-contiguous CCs.

A wireless device may have one RRC connection with a network, forexample, if configured with CA. At (e.g., during) an RRC connectionestablishment, re-establishment and/or handover, a cell providing a NASmobility information may be a serving cell. At (e.g., during) an RRCconnection re-establishment and/or handover procedure, a cell providinga security input may be a serving cell. The serving cell may be referredto as a primary cell (PCell). A base station may send (e.g., transmit),to a wireless device, one or more messages comprising configurationparameters of a plurality of one or more secondary cells (SCells), forexample, depending on capabilities of the wireless device.

A base station and/or a wireless device may use an activation and/ordeactivation mechanism of an SCell for an efficient battery consumption,for example, if the base station and/or the wireless device isconfigured with CA. A base station may activate or deactivate at leastone of the one or more SCells, for example, if the wireless device isconfigured with one or more SCells. The SCell may be deactivated, forexample, after or upon configuration of an SCell.

A wireless device may activate and/or deactivate an SCell, for example,after or in response to receiving an SCell activation and/ordeactivation MAC CE. A base station may send (e.g., transmit), to awireless device, one or more messages comprising ansCellDeactivationTimer timer. The wireless device may deactivate anSCell, for example, after or in response to an expiry of thesCellDeactivationTimer timer.

A wireless device may activate an SCell, for example, if the wirelessdevice receives an SCell activation/deactivation MAC CE activating anSCell. The wireless device may perform operations (e.g., after or inresponse to the activating the SCell) that may comprise: SRStransmissions on the SCell; CQI, PMI, RI, and/or CRI reporting for theSCell on a PCell; PDCCH monitoring on the SCell; PDCCH monitoring forthe SCell on the PCell; and/or PUCCH transmissions on the SCell.

The wireless device may start and/or restart a timer (e.g., ansCellDeactivationTimer timer) associated with the SCell, for example,after or in response to activating the SCell. The wireless device maystart the timer (e.g., sCellDeactivationTimer timer) in the slot, forexample, if the SCell activation/deactivation MAC CE has been received.The wireless device may initialize and/or re-initialize one or moresuspended configured uplink grants of a configured grant Type 1associated with the SCell according to a stored configuration, forexample, after or in response to activating the SCell. The wirelessdevice may trigger PHR, for example, after or in response to activatingthe SCell.

The wireless device may deactivate the activated SCell, for example, ifthe wireless device receives an SCell activation/deactivation MAC CEdeactivating an activated SCell. The wireless device may deactivate theactivated SCell, for example, if a timer (e.g., ansCellDeactivationTimer timer) associated with an activated SCellexpires. The wireless device may stop the timer (e.g.,sCellDeactivationTimer timer) associated with the activated SCell, forexample, after or in response to deactivating the activated SCell. Thewireless device may clear one or more configured downlink assignmentsand/or one or more configured uplink grant Type 2 associated with theactivated SCell, for example, after or in response to the deactivatingthe activated SCell. The wireless device may suspend one or moreconfigured uplink grant Type 1 associated with the activated SCell, forexample, after or in response to deactivating the activated SCell. Thewireless device may flush HARQ buffers associated with the activatedSCell.

A wireless device may not perform certain operations, for example, if anSCell is deactivated. The wireless device may not perform one or more ofthe following operations if an SCell is deactivated: transmitting SRS onthe SCell; reporting CQI, PMI, RI, and/or CRI for the SCell on a PCell;transmitting on UL-SCH on the SCell; transmitting on a RACH on theSCell; monitoring at least one first PDCCH on the SCell; monitoring atleast one second PDCCH for the SCell on the PCell; and/or transmitting aPUCCH on the SCell.

A wireless device may restart a timer (e.g., an sCellDeactivationTimertimer) associated with the activated SCell, for example, if at least onefirst PDCCH on an activated SCell indicates an uplink grant or adownlink assignment. A wireless device may restart a timer (e.g., ansCellDeactivationTimer timer) associated with the activated SCell, forexample, if at least one second PDCCH on a serving cell (e.g. a PCell oran SCell configured with PUCCH, such as a PUCCH SCell) scheduling theactivated SCell indicates an uplink grant and/or a downlink assignmentfor the activated SCell. A wireless device may abort the ongoing randomaccess procedure on the SCell, for example, if an SCell is deactivatedand/or if there is an ongoing random access procedure on the SCell.

FIG. 18A shows an example of a first LCID. FIG. 18B shows an example ofa second LCID. The left columns comprise indices. The right columnscomprises corresponding LCID values for each index.

FIG. 19A shows an example of an SCell activation/deactivation MAC CE ofone octet. A first MAC PDU subheader comprising a first LCID mayidentify the SCell activation/deactivation MAC CE of one octet. An SCellactivation/deactivation MAC CE of one octet may have a fixed size. TheSCell activation/deactivation MAC CE of one octet may comprise a singleoctet. The single octet may comprise a first number of C-fields (e.g.,seven) and a second number of R-fields (e.g., one).

FIG. 19B shows an example of an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE offour octets. A second MAC PDU subheader with a second LCID may identifythe SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE of four octets. An SCellactivation/deactivation MAC CE of four octets may have a fixed size. TheSCell activation/deactivation MAC CE of four octets may comprise fouroctets. The four octets may comprise a third number of C-fields (e.g.,31) and a fourth number of R-fields (e.g., 1). A C_i field may indicatean activation/deactivation status of an SCell with an SCell index i. AnSCell with an SCell index i may be activated, for example, if the C_ifield is set to one. An SCell with an SCell index i may be deactivated,for example, In an example, if the C_i field is set to zero. An R fieldmay indicate a reserved bit. The R field may be set to zero.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) a DCI via a PDCCH for at leastone of: a scheduling assignment and/or grant; a slot formatnotification; a pre-emption indication; and/or a power-control command.The DCI may comprise at least one of: an identifier of a DCI format; adownlink scheduling assignment(s); an uplink scheduling grant(s); a slotformat indicator; a pre-emption indication; a power-control forPUCCH/PUSCH; and/or a power-control for SRS.

A downlink scheduling assignment DCI may comprise parameters indicatingat least one of: an identifier of a DCI format; a PDSCH resourceindication; a transport format; HARQ information; control informationrelated to multiple antenna schemes; and/or a command for power controlof the PUCCH. An uplink scheduling grant DCI may comprise parametersindicating at least one of: an identifier of a DCI format; a PUSCHresource indication; a transport format; HARQ related information;and/or a power control command of the PUSCH.

Different types of control information may correspond to different DCImessage sizes. Supporting multiple beams, spatial multiplexing in thespatial domain, and/or noncontiguous allocation of RBs in the frequencydomain, may require a larger scheduling message, in comparison with anuplink grant allowing for frequency-contiguous allocation. DCI may becategorized into different DCI formats. A DCI format may correspond to acertain message size and/or usage.

A wireless device may monitor (e.g., in common search space or wirelessdevice-specific search space) one or more PDCCH for detecting one ormore DCI with one or more DCI format. A wireless device may monitor aPDCCH with a limited set of DCI formats, for example, which may reducepower consumption. The more DCI formats that are to be detected, themore power may be consumed by the wireless device.

The information in the DCI formats for downlink scheduling may compriseat least one of: an identifier of a DCI format; a carrier indicator; anRB allocation; a time resource allocation; a bandwidth part indicator; aHARQ process number; one or more MCS; one or more NDI; one or more RV;MIMO related information; a downlink assignment index (DAI); a TPC forPUCCH; an SRS request; and/or padding (e.g., if necessary). The MIMOrelated information may comprise at least one of: a PMI; precodinginformation; a transport block swap flag; a power offset between PDSCHand a reference signal; a reference-signal scrambling sequence; a numberof layers; antenna ports for the transmission; and/or a transmissionconfiguration indication (TCI).

The information in the DCI formats used for uplink scheduling maycomprise at least one of: an identifier of a DCI format; a carrierindicator; a bandwidth part indication; a resource allocation type; anRB allocation; a time resource allocation; an MCS; an NDI; a phaserotation of the uplink DMRS; precoding information; a CSI request; anSRS request; an uplink index/DAI; a TPC for PUSCH; and/or padding (e.g.,if necessary).

A base station may perform CRC scrambling for a DCI, for example, beforetransmitting the DCI via a PDCCH. The base station may perform CRCscrambling by binarily adding multiple bits of at least one wirelessdevice identifier (e.g., C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, TPC-CS-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI,TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, SP CSI C-RNTI, and/or TPC-SRS-RNTI) on the CRC bits ofthe DCI. The wireless device may check the CRC bits of the DCI, forexample, if detecting the DCI. The wireless device may receive the DCI,for example, if the CRC is scrambled by a sequence of bits that is thesame as the at least one wireless device identifier.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) one or more PDCCH in differentcontrol resource sets (e.g., coresets), for example, to support a widebandwidth operation. A base station may transmit one or more RRCmessages comprising configuration parameters of one or more coresets. Acoreset may comprise at least one of: a first OFDM symbol; a number ofconsecutive OFDM symbols; a set of resource blocks; and/or a CCE-to-REGmapping. A base station may send (e.g., transmit) a PDCCH in a dedicatedcoreset for particular purpose, for example, for beam failure recoveryconfirmation. A wireless device may monitor a PDCCH for detecting DCI inone or more configured coresets, for example, to reduce the powerconsumption.

BFR procedureA base station and/or a wireless device may have multipleantennas, for example, to support a transmission with high data rate(such as in an NR system). A wireless device may perform one or morebeam management procedures, as shown in FIG. 9B, for example, ifconfigured with multiple antennas.

A wireless device may perform a downlink beam management based on one ormore CSI-RSs and/or one or more SS blocks. In a beam managementprocedure, a wireless device may measure a channel quality of a beampair link. The beam pair link may comprise a transmitting beam from abase station and a receiving beam at the wireless device. A wirelessdevice may measure the multiple beam pair links between the base stationand the wireless device, for example, if the wireless device isconfigured with multiple beams associated with multiple CSI-RSs and/orSS blocks.

A wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) one or more beam managementreports to a base station. The wireless device may indicate one or morebeam pair quality parameters, for example, in a beam management report.The one or more beam pair quality parameters may comprise at least oneor more beam identifications; RSRP; and/or PMI, CQI, and/or RI of atleast a subset of configured multiple beams.

A base station and/or a wireless device may perform a downlink beammanagement procedure on one or multiple Transmission and Receiving Point(TRPs), such as shown in FIG. 9B. Based on a wireless device's beammanagement report, a base station may send (e.g., transmit), to thewireless device, a signal indicating that a new beam pair link is aserving beam. The base station may transmit PDCCH and/or PDSCH to thewireless device using the serving beam.

A wireless device and/or a base station may trigger a beam failurerecovery mechanism. A wireless device may trigger a beam failurerecovery request (BFRQ) procedure, for example, if at least a beamfailure occurs. A beam failure may occur if a quality of beam pairlink(s) of at least one PDCCH falls below a threshold. The thresholdcomprise be an RSRP value (e.g., −140 dbm, −110 dbm, or any other value)and/or a SINR value (e.g., −3 dB, −1 dB, or any other value), which maybe configured in a RRC message.

FIG. 20A shows an example of a first beam failure event. A base station2002 may send (e.g., transmit) a PDCCH from a transmission (Tx) beam toa receiving (Rx) beam of a wireless device 2001 from a TRP. The basestation 2002 and the wireless device 2001 may start a beam failurerecovery procedure on the TRP, for example, if the PDCCH on the beampair link (e.g., between the Tx beam of the base station 2002 and the Rxbeam of the wireless device 2001) have a lower-than-threshold RSRPand/or SINR value due to the beam pair link being blocked (e.g., by amoving vehicle 2003, a building, or any other obstruction).

FIG. 20B shows an example of a second beam failure event. A base stationmay send (e.g., transmit) a PDCCH from a beam to a wireless device 2011from a first TRP 2014. The base station and the wireless device 2011 maystart a beam failure recovery procedure on a new beam on a second TRP2012, for example, if the PDCCH on the beam is blocked (e.g., by amoving vehicle 2013, building, or any other obstruction).

A wireless device may measure a quality of beam pair links using one ormore RSs. The one or more RSs may comprise one or more SS blocks and/orone or more CSI-RS resources. A CSI-RS resource may be determined by aCSI-RS resource index (CRI). A quality of beam pair links may beindicated by, for example, an RSRP value, a reference signal receivedquality (e.g., RSRQ) value, and/or a CSI (e.g., SINR) value measured onRS resources. A base station may indicate whether an RS resource, usedfor measuring beam pair link quality, is QCLed (Quasi-Co-Located) withDM-RSs of a PDCCH. The RS resource and the DM-RSs of the PDCCH may beQCLed, for example, if the channel characteristics from a transmissionon an RS to a wireless device, and that from a transmission on a PDCCHto the wireless device, are similar or same under a configuredcriterion. The RS resource and the DM-RSs of the PDCCH may be QCLed, forexample, if doppler shift and/or doppler shift of the channel from atransmission on an RS to a wireless device, and that from a transmissionon a PDCCH to the wireless device, are the same.

A wireless device may monitor a PDCCH on M beams (e.g. 2, 4, 8) pairlinks simultaneously, where M>1 and the value of M may depend at leaston capability of the wireless device. Monitoring a PDCCH may comprisedetecting a DCI via the PDCCH transmitted on common search spaces and/orwireless device specific search spaces. Monitoring multiple beam pairlinks may increase robustness against beam pair link blocking. A basestation may send (e.g., transmit) one or more messages comprisingparameters indicating a wireless device to monitor PDCCH on differentbeam pair link(s) in different OFDM symbols.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) one or more RRC messages and/orMAC CEs comprising parameters indicating Rx beam setting of a wirelessdevice for monitoring PDCCH on multiple beam pair links. A base stationmay send (e.g., transmit) an indication of a spatial QCL between DL RSantenna port(s) and DL RS antenna port(s) for demodulation of DL controlchannel. The indication may comprise a parameter in a MAC CE, an RRCmessage, a DCI, and/or any combinations of these signaling.

In A base station may indicate spatial QCL parameters between DL RSantenna port(s) and DM-RS antenna port(s) of DL data channel, forexample, for reception of data packet on a PDSCH. A base station maysend (e.g., transmit) DCI comprising parameters indicating the RSantenna port(s) are QCLed with DM-RS antenna port(s).

A wireless device may measure a beam pair link quality based on CSI-RSsQCLed with DM-RS for PDCCH, for example, if a base station sends (e.g.,transmits) a signal indicating QCL parameters between CSI-RS and DM-RSfor PDCCH. The wireless device may start a BFR procedure, for example,if multiple contiguous beam failures occur.

A wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) a BFRQ signal on an uplinkphysical channel to a base station, for example, if starting a BFRprocedure. The base station may send (e.g., transmit) a DCI via a PDCCHin a coreset, for example, after or in response to receiving the BFRQsignal on the uplink physical channel. The wireless may determine thatthe BFR procedure is successfully completed, for example, after or inresponse to receiving the DCI via the PDCCH in the coreset.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) one or more messages comprisingconfiguration parameters of an uplink physical channel, or signal, fortransmitting a beam failure recovery request. The uplink physicalchannel or signal may be based on one of: a contention-free PRACH(BFR-PRACH), which may be a resource orthogonal to resources of otherPRACH transmissions; a PUCCH (e.g., BFR-PUCCH); and/or acontention-based PRACH resource (e.g., CF-PRACH). Combinations of thesecandidate signals and/or channels may be configured by the base station.A wireless device may autonomously select a first resource fortransmitting the BFRQ signal, for example, if the wireless device isconfigured with multiple resources for a BFRQ signal. The wirelessdevice may select a BFR-PRACH resource for transmitting a BFRQ signal,for example, if the wireless device is configured with the BFR-PRACHresource, a BFR-PUCCH resource, and/or a CF-PRACH resource. The basestation may send (e.g., transmit) a message to the wireless deviceindicating a resource for transmitting the BFRQ signal, for example, ifthe wireless device is configured with a BFR-PRACH resource, a BFR-PUCCHresource, and/or a CF-PRACH resource.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) a response to a wirelessdevice, for example, after receiving one or more BFRQ signals. Theresponse may comprise the CRI associated with the candidate beam thatthe wireless device may indicate in the one or multiple BFRQ signals. Abase station and/or a wireless device may perform one or more beammanagement procedures, for example, if the base station and/or thewireless device are configured with multiple beams (e.g., in system suchas in an NR system). The wireless device may perform a BFR procedure,for example, if one or more beam pair links between the base station andthe wireless device fail.

A wireless device may receive one or more messages (e.g., RRC messages)comprising one or more configuration parameters of a primary cell andone or more configuration parameters of a secondary cell. The one ormore configurations parameters of the primary cell and the secondarycell may comprise one or more BFRQ resources. The one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate one or more first RSs of theprimary cell and one or more second RSs of the secondary cell. The oneor more configuration parameters may indicate a deactivation timer ofthe secondary cell. The wireless device may measure a radio link qualityof one or more candidate beams associated with the one or more first RSsand/or the one or more second RSs. The one or more first RSs maycomprise a CSI-RS or SS blocks. The one or more second RSs may comprisea CSI-RS or SS blocks. The wireless device may detect a beam failure ofthe secondary cell. The wireless device may detect the beam failure ofthe secondary cell based on the one or more RSs of the secondary cell.The wireless device may assess a first radio link quality of the one ormore first RSs against a threshold for beam failure detection. Thewireless device may indicate one or more beam failure instances based onthe threshold for beam failure detection. The wireless device may detecta beam failure by comparing the one or more first RSs to a radio qualitythreshold, for example, by determining that the one or more first RSshave a radio quality that is lower than a first threshold. The wirelessdevice may receive, from the base station, one or more configurationparameters of a primary cell and one or more configuration parameters ofa secondary cell comprising a value for a first threshold. The wirelessdevice may measure a block error rate (BLER) of one or more downlinkcontrol channels. The wireless device may compare a quality of the oneor more downlink control channels (e.g., associated with one or morefirst RSs) with the first threshold, for example, the wireless devicemay measure the BLER of one or more downlink control channels andcompare the measurement with the first threshold for the beam failuredetection. In other words, the first threshold may be determined basedon a block error rate (BLER). The wireless device may initiate acandidate beam identification procedure on the secondary cell, forexample, after or in response to detecting the beam failure. Thewireless device may receive, from the base station, one or moreconfiguration parameters of a primary cell and one or more configurationparameters of a secondary cell comprising a value for a secondthreshold. The wireless device may attempts to find a candidate beam forthe BFR procedure, for example, if the wireless device detects a beamfailure. The wireless device may measure a layer-1 reference signalreceived power (L1-RSRP) of the one or more second RSs and may selectone candidate beam (or RS), among the one or more second RSs. Thewireless device may select a candidate beam, for example, if themeasured quality of an associated RS is greater than the secondthreshold. The second threshold may be determined based on a layer-1reference signal received power (L1-RSRP). The wireless device mayselect the candidate beam (or RS) having a L1-RSRP higher than thesecond threshold.

The wireless device may initiate a random access procedure on theprimary cell. The wireless device may initiate the random accessprocedure on the primary cell in furtherance of a beam failure recovery(BFR) procedure of the secondary cell. The wireless device may initiatea random access procedure, for example, after or in response todetecting the beam failure of the secondary cell. The random accessprocedure may relate to the wireless device selecting an RS associatedwith a BFRQ resource. The BFRQ resource may comprise at least onepreamble and at least one random access channel resource. The randomaccess channel resource may be based on an associated RS. The BFRQresource may comprise one or more time resources and/or one or morefrequency resources on the primary cell. The random access procedure mayrelate to the wireless device sending (e.g., transmitting) a preamblevia a PRACH resource of the primary cell. The wireless device maymonitor a PDCCH in one or more coresets on the primary cell forreceiving a DCI. The wireless device may receive the DCI from the basestation. The wireless device may monitor the PDCCH within a configuredresponse window. To complete the BFR procedure, the wireless device mayreceive a primary cell response (e.g., a downlink assignment or anuplink grant) on the PDCCH of the primary cell. The wireless device mayactivate the secondary cell, for example, after or in response toreceiving a first medium-access control element (MAC CE) activating thesecondary cell. The wireless device may start a deactivation timer, forexample, after or in response to receiving the first MAC CE foractivating the secondary cell. The wireless device may deactivate thesecondary cell after sending the preamble, but prior to receiving theprimary cell response. The wireless device may deactivate the secondarycell, for example, after or in response to receiving a second MAC CE fordeactivating the secondary cell (e.g., an SCell Activation/DeactivationMAC CE). The wireless device may deactivate the secondary cell, forexample, after or in response to the wireless device determining anexpiry of the deactivation timer of the secondary cell (e.g.,determining an expiry of an sCellDeactivationTimer timer). The wirelessdevice may abort or stop the random access procedure (for the BFRprocedure of the secondary cell) on the primary cell, for example, afteror in response to deactivating the secondary cell (e.g., during the BFRprocedure of the secondary cell). The wireless device may abort therandom access procedure by stopping the sending (e.g., transmitting) ofthe at least one preamble on the primary cell.

The base station may send (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device, one ormore messages (e.g., RRC messages) comprising one or more configurationparameters of a primary cell and a secondary cell. The one or moreconfiguration parameters may indicate one or more BFRQ resources on theprimary cell, one or more first reference signals (RSs) of the secondarycell, one or more second RSs of the secondary cell, and/or anassociation between each of the one or more first RSs and each of theone or more BFRQ resources. The one or more first RSs may comprise aCSI-RS or SS blocks. The one or more second RSs may comprise a CSI-RS orSS blocks. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more configurationparameters of the BFR procedure may comprise at least a first thresholdfor beam failure detection; at least a second threshold for selecting abeam(s); and/or a first coreset associated with the BFR procedure. Thebase station may receive, from a wireless device, a preamble (e.g., aBFRQ resource) for a random access procedure for a beam failure of thesecondary cell. The base station may receive, from the wireless device,the preamble via at least one random access channel resource of theprimary cell. The base station may send (e.g., transmit), to a wirelessdevice, one or more messages comprising a first set of RS resourceconfigurations for a secondary cell. The first set of RS resourceconfigurations may comprise one or more first RSs of the secondary cell.

The base station may also send (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device,one or more messages comprising configuration parameters of one or morecells. The one or more cells may comprise at least a primary cell or aPSCell, and one or more secondary cells. The base station may receive,from a wireless device, a BFRQ signal. The base station may receive theBFRQ signal, for example, after or in response to the wireless deviceselecting a candidate beam. The base station may not send (e.g.,transmit) a PDCCH in the first coreset, for example, if the base stationdoes not receive the BFRQ signal on an uplink resource. The base stationmay send (e.g., transmit) a PDCCH in a second coreset, for example, ifthe base station does not receive the BFRQ signal. The second coresetmay be different from the first coreset. The base station may send(e.g., transmit), to the wireless device, one or more messagescomprising a time, for example, an sCellDeactivationTimer timer. Thewireless device may deactivate the secondary cell, for example, after orin response to an expiry of the sCellDeactivationTimer timer. Thewireless device may receive, from the base station, thesCellDeactivationTimer timer. The base station may stop transmitting arandom access response for the random access procedure in response tothe deactivating of the secondary cell.

FIG. 21 shows an example diagram of beam failure recovery (BFR)procedures. The BFR procedures shown in FIG. 21 may be for a primarycell. At step 2101, a wireless device may receive one or more messages(e.g., RRC messages) comprising one or more BFRQ parameters. At step2102, the wireless device may detect a beam failure according to one ormore BFRQ parameters, for example, the one or more BFRQ parametersreceived at step 2101. The wireless device may start a first timer, forexample, after or in response to detecting the beam failure. At step2103, the wireless device may select a candidate beam, for example,after or in response to detecting the beam failure. At step 2104, thewireless device may send (e.g. transmit) a first BFRQ signal, to a basestation, for example, after or in response to the selecting of thecandidate beam. The wireless device may start a response window, forexample, after or in response to sending (e.g., transmitting) the firstBFRQ signal. The response window may be a timer with a value configured(or determined) by the base station. At step 2105, the wireless devicemay monitor a PDCCH in a first coreset, for example, during the window.The wireless device may monitor the PDCCH for a BFRQ response (e.g.,downlink control information) from the base station. The first coresetmay be associated with the BFR procedure. The wireless device maymonitor the PDCCH in the first coreset, for example, in condition ofsending (e.g., transmitting) the first BFRQ signal. At step 2106, thewireless device may receive a first DCI via the PDCCH in the firstcoreset, for example, during the response window. At step 2107, thewireless device may determine that the BFR procedure is successfullycompleted, for example, after or in response to receiving the first DCIvia the PDCCH in the first coreset. At step 2107, the wireless devicemay also determine that the BFR procedure is successfully completed, forexample, before the response window expires. The wireless device maystop the first timer and/or stop the response window, for example, afteror in response to the BFR procedure being successfully completed.

The wireless device may, before the first timer expires, for example,perform one or more actions comprising at least one of: a BFRQ signaltransmission; starting the response window; or monitoring the PDCCH. Thewireless device may perform one or more of said actions, for example, ifthe response window expires and/or the wireless device does not receivethe DCI. The wireless device may repeat one or more of said actions, forexample, until the BFR procedure successfully is completed and/or thefirst timer expires.

At step 2108, the wireless device may declare (and/or indicate) a BFRprocedure failure, for example, if the first timer expires and/or thewireless device does not receive the DCI. A wireless device may declare(and/or indicate) a BFR procedure failure, for example, if a number oftransmissions of BFRQ signals is greater than a configured number. Thebase station may determine this number in the beam failure recoveryconfiguration parameters sent to the wireless device. The wirelessdevice may receive, from the base station, one or more configurationparameters comprising the configured number, for example, the maximumnumber of BFRQ transmission.

The wireless device may trigger a BFR procedure, for example, if anumber of beam failure instances (e.g. contiguous beam failureinstances) are detected. A beam failure instance may occur, for example,if a quality of a beam pair link is lower than a configured threshold.The base station may determine this threshold (value) in the beamfailure recovery configuration parameters sent to the wireless device.The wireless device may receive, from the base station, one or moreconfiguration parameters comprising the configured threshold, forexample, the value of the threshold used for beam failure detection. Abeam failure instance may occur, for example, if the RSRP value and/orthe SINR value of a beam pair link is lower than a first thresholdvalue. A beam failure instance may also occur, for example, if the blockerror rate (BLER) of the beam pair link is higher than a secondthreshold value. Sporadic beam failure instance may not necessarilytrigger a BFR procedure. Examples described herein provide methods andsystems for triggering a BFR procedure, for example, triggering a BFRprocedure in a NR system.

A wireless device may receive, from a base station, one or more RRCmessages comprising one or more configuration parameters of a BFRprocedure. The one or more configuration parameters of the BFR proceduremay comprise at least a first threshold for beam failure detection; atleast a second threshold for selecting a beam(s); and/or a first coresetassociated with the BFR procedure. The first coreset may comprise one ormore RBs in the frequency domain and/or a symbol in the time domain.

The first coreset may be associated with the BFR procedure. The wirelessdevice may monitor at least a first PDCCH in the first coreset, forexample, after or in response to sending (e.g., transmitting) a BFRQsignal indicating the beam failure. The wireless device may not monitorthe first PDCCH in the first coreset, for example, after or in responseto not sending (e.g., transmitting) the BFRQ signal. A base station maynot send (e.g., transmit) a PDCCH in the first coreset, for example, ifthe base station does not receive the BFRQ signal on an uplink resource.The base station may send (e.g., transmit) a PDCCH in a second coreset,for example, if the base station does not receive the BFRQ signal. Thewireless device may monitor a PDCCH in a second coreset, for example,before the BFR procedure is triggered. The second coreset may bedifferent from the first coreset.

The one or more configuration parameters of the BFR procedure mayindicate a first set of RSs for beam failure detection. Additionally, oralternatively, the one or more configuration parameters of the BFRprocedure may indicate one or more PRACH resources associated with asecond set of RSs (beams) for candidate beam selection. The one or morePRACH resources may comprise at least one of: one or more preambles, oneor more time resources, and/or one or more frequency resources. Each RSof the second set of RSs may be associated with a preamble, a timeresource, and/or a frequency resource of at least one of the one or morePRACH resources.

The one or more configuration parameters of the BFR procedure mayindicate one or more PUCCH resources or scheduling request (SR)resources associated with a third set of RSs (beams). The one or morePUCCH resources or SR resources may comprise at least one of: a timeallocation; a frequency allocation; a cyclic shift; an orthogonal covercode; and/or a spatial setting. One or more RSs of the third set of RSsmay be associated with each of the one or more PUCCH or SR resources.

The first set of RSs may comprise one or more first CSI-RSs or one ormore first SS blocks (SSBs). The second set of RSs may comprise one ormore second CSI-RSs or one or more second SSBs. The third set of RSs maycomprise one or more third CSI-RSs or one or more third SSBs. A BFRQsignal may comprise a PRACH preamble sent (e.g., transmitted) via a timeor frequency resource of a PRACH resource. A BFRQ signal may comprise aPUCCH or SR resource sent (e.g., transmitted) on a PUCCH or SR resource.

The one or more configuration parameters of the BFR procedure maycomprise at least a first value indicating a number of beam failureinstances that may trigger the BFR procedure; a second value of a secondtimer indicating a duration of time after which the BFR procedure may betriggered; a third value indicating a number of BFRQ signaltransmissions; a fourth value of a fourth timer indicating a duration oftime at (e.g., during) which the wireless device may receive a responsefrom a base station; and/or a fifth value of a fifth timer indicating aduration of time after which the wireless device may declare (orindicate) a BFR procedure failure.

The wireless device (e.g., a physical layer of the wireless device) maymeasure the first set of RSs. The physical layer of the wireless devicemay indicate one or more beam failure instances and/or one or more beamnon-failure instances periodically to the MAC entity of the wirelessdevice, for example, based on the first threshold (e.g., the firstthreshold for beam failure detection). The physical layer of thewireless device may indicate a beam failure instance, for example, ifthe measured quality (e.g., RSRP or SINR) of at least one of the firstset of RSs is lower than the first threshold (e.g., the first thresholdfor beam failure detection). The physical layer of the wireless devicemay indicate a beam non-failure instance, for example, if the measuredquality (e.g., RSRP or SINR) of at least one of the first set of RSs isequal to or higher than the first threshold (e.g., the first thresholdfor beam failure detection). The periodicity of the indication (e.g.,the indication of the beam failure or non-failure instance) may be avalue, for example, a value configured or determined by the basestation. The periodicity of the indication may be the same as theperiodicity of transmission of the first set of RSs.

The MAC entity of the wireless device may set an instance counter (e.g.,increment the instance counter by one), for example, after or inresponse to receiving a first beam failure indication from the physicallayer. The MAC entity may increment the instance counter (e.g.,increment the instance counter by one), for example, after or inresponse to receiving a contiguous second beam failure indication. TheMAC entity may reset the instance counter (e.g., zero), for example,after or in response to receiving a third beam non-failure indication.The wireless device may receive a non-failure indication, whichindicates that no beam failure has been detected and/or that thedownlink control channels are of a sufficient quality (e.g., above athreshold quality).

The MAC entity may start the second timer associated with the secondvalue (e.g., the value indicating the duration of time after which theBFR procedure may be triggered), for example, after or in response toreceiving a first beam failure indication from the physical layer of thewireless device. The MAC entity may restart the second timer, forexample, after or in response to receiving a second beam non-failureindication from the physical layer of the wireless device. The MACentity may not trigger the BFR procedure, for example, if the secondtimer expires and the instance counter indicates a value smaller thanthe first value (e.g., the number of beam failure instances that maytrigger the BFR procedure). The MAC entity may reset the instant counter(e.g., reset the instance counter to zero), for example, if the secondtimer expires and/or the instance counter indicates a value smaller thanthe first value (e.g., the number of beam failure instances that maytrigger the BFR procedure). The MAC entity may also reset the secondtimer, for example, if the second timer expires and/or the instancecounter indicates a value smaller than the first value (e.g., the numberof beam failure instances that may trigger the BFR procedure). The MACentity may trigger a BFR procedure, for example, if the instance counterindicates a value equal to or greater than the first value (e.g., thenumber of beam failure instances that may trigger the BFR procedure).The MAC entity may also trigger a BFR procedure, for example, if the MACentity receives the first value (e.g., the number of beam failureinstances that may trigger the BFR procedure) from the physical layerBFRprocedure.

BFR procedureThe MAC entity may perform at least one of: resetting theinstance counter (e.g., resetting the instance counter to zero);resetting the second timer; and/or indicating to the physical layer tostop beam failure instance indication. The MAC entity may perform atleast one of said actions, for example, after or in response totriggering the BFR procedure. The MAC entity may ignore the periodicbeam failure instance indication, for example, after or in response totriggering the BFR procedure.

The MAC entity may start the fifth timer associated with the fifth value(e.g., the value indicating the duration of time after which thewireless device may declare or indicate a BFR procedure failure), forexample, after or in response to triggering the BFR procedure. The MACentity may request the physical layer of the wireless device to indicatea beam and/or the quality of the beam, for example, after or in responseto starting the fifth timer. The physical layer of the wireless devicemay measure at least one of the second set of RSs. The physical layer ofthe wireless device may select a beam based on the second threshold. Thebeam may be determined by a CSI-RS resource index or a SS blocks index.The physical layer of the wireless device may select a beam, forexample, if the measured quality (e.g., RSRP or SINR) of a RS associatedwith the beam is greater than the second threshold. The physical layerof the wireless device may not necessarily indicate the beam to the MACentity periodically. Alternatively, the physical layer of the wirelessdevice may indicate the beam to the MAC entity, for example, after or inresponse to receiving the request from the MAC entity.

The physical layer of the wireless device may indicate a beam to the MACentity periodically, for example, after or in response to indicating abeam failure instance. The MAC entity may instruct the physical layer ofthe wireless device to send (e.g. transmit) a BFRQ signal promptly,since the MAC entity may have the beam available, for example, after orin response to triggering a BFR procedure.

The MAC entity may select a BFRQ signal based on the beam (e.g., thebeam indicated by the physical layer) and instruct the physical layer tosend (e.g., transmit) the BFRQ signal to a base station, for example, ifthe fifth timer is running Additionally, or alternatively, the MACentity may select a BFRQ signal based on the beam and instruct thephysical layer to send (e.g., transmit) the BFRQ signal to a basestation, for example, after or in response to receiving the indicationof the beam from the physical layer. The BFRQ signal may be a PRACHpreamble associated with the beam. The BFRQ signal may be a PUCCH or SRsignal associated with the beam.

The wireless device may start monitoring a PDCCH for receiving a DCI, atleast in the first coreset, after a time period since sending (e.g.,transmitting) the BFRQ signal. The time period may be a fixed period(e.g., four slots), or a value determined by a RRC message. The wirelessdevice may start the fourth timer with a fourth value (e.g., the valueindicating the duration of time during which the wireless device mayreceive a response from the base station), for example, after or inresponse to the time period since sending (e.g., transmitting) the BFRQsignal. The wireless device may monitor the PDCCH in the first coreset,for example, if the fourth timer is running.

The wireless device may receive a DCI via the PDCCH at least in thefirst coreset if the fourth timer is running. The wireless device mayconsider the BFR procedure successfully completed in response toreceiving the DCI via the PDCCH at least in the first coreset, forexample, if the fourth timer is running. The wireless device may stopthe fourth timer and/or stop the fifth timer, for example, after or inresponse to the BFR procedure being successfully completed. The wirelessdevice may keep monitoring the PDCCH in the first coreset untilreceiving an indication for QCL parameters of a second PDCCH in a secondcoreset, for example, after or in response to the BFR procedure issuccessfully completed.

The wireless device may set a BFRQ transmission counter to a value(e.g., set the BFRQ counter to one, or any other value) in response tothe fourth timer expiring. The wireless device may perform one or moreactions comprising at least one of: sending (e.g., transmitting) theBFRQ signal; starting the fourth timer; monitoring the PDCCH; and/orincrementing the BFRQ transmission counter (e.g., incrementing the BFRQtransmission counter by one). The wireless device may perform the one ormore actions, for example, after or in response to the fourth timerexpiring. The wireless device may repeat the one or more actions, forexample, until the BFR procedure is successfully completed or the fifthtimer expires. The wireless device may determine (or indicate) the BFRprocedure failure, for example, after or in response to the fifth timerexpiring.

In existing BFR procedures, a wireless device may perform a BFRprocedure on an SpCell (e.g., a PCell or a PSCell). A base station maysend (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device, one or more messagescomprising configuration parameters of one or more cells. The one ormore cells may comprise at least a PCell (e.g., primary cell) or aPSCell, and one or more SCells (e.g., secondary cells). An SpCell (e.g.,a PCell or a PSCell) and one or more secondary cells may operate ondifferent frequencies and/or different bands. A secondary cell maysupport a multi-beam operation. In the multi-beam operation, a wirelessdevice may perform one or more beam management procedures (e.g., a BFRprocedure) on the secondary cell. The wireless device may perform a BFRprocedure, for example, if at least one beam pair link of one or morebeam pair links between the secondary cell and the wireless devicefails. Existing BFR procedures may result in inefficiencies, forexample, if there is a beam failure for one secondary cell of the one ormore secondary cells. Accordingly, existing BFR procedures may beinefficient, take a long time, or increase battery power consumption.The enhanced BFR procedures described herein decrease the number oftime-frequency resources configured for the BFR procedure of secondarycells, thereby increase the resource overhead efficiency of the BFRprocedure. Moreover, the enhanced BFR procedures described herein sharea dedicated coreset for BFR procedures of multiple cells (e.g., primaryand/or secondary cells), such that the wireless device monitors fewercoresets, thereby increasing the efficiency of battery/power consumptionas the wireless device monitors coresets.

Examples described herein enhance existing BFR procedures to improvedownlink radio efficiency and to reduce uplink signaling overhead, forexample, if there is a beam failure for one or more secondary cells. Anenhanced process described herein uses a first cell control channelresource, for example, if a beam failure for a secondary cell occurs.Downlink signaling processes may be enhanced for recovery of a beamfailure for a secondary cell. Uplink signaling may be enhanced forrecovery of a beam failure for a secondary cell. Beam failure recoveryprocedures may be suitable for secondary cells, as secondary cells mayoperate on higher frequencies than primary cells (e.g., PCells) toincrease data rates. Primary cells may operate on lower frequencies toincrease the robustness of data transfers. Accordingly, improving BFRprocedures for use with secondary cells would be beneficial.

Examples described herein provide processes for a wireless device and abase station to enhance a BFR procedure for a secondary cell (e.g.,SCell). Examples described herein may enhance efficiency of a BFRprocedure, for example, if a wireless device receives a DCI in a secondcoreset on an SCell. The wireless device may monitor at least a PDCCH inthe second coreset on the SCell for the DCI with a cyclic redundancycheck (CRC) scrambled by a C-RNTI. The BFR procedure may be successfullycompleted, for example, after or in response to the wireless devicereceiving a downlink assignment or an uplink grant, on the PDCCH of thesecondary cell, addressed to the C-RNTI. Examples described herein mayreduce a duration of the BFR procedure and may reduce battery powerconsumption, thereby providing increased efficiencies in the event of abeam failure.

A wireless device may not send (e.g., transmit) an uplink signal (e.g.,a preamble) for a BFR procedure, for example, if a beam failure occurson the SCell. Additionally, or alternatively, the wireless device maynot send (e.g., transmit) the uplink signal for the BFR procedure, forexample, if the wireless device is configured with an SCell, which maycomprise downlink-only resources. The wireless device may not performthe BFR procedure on the SCell. Also, a base station may not be aware ofthe beam failure on the SCell. BFR procedures may be enhanced, forexample, if an SCell comprises downlink-only resources.

An SCell may operate in a high frequency (e.g., 23 GHz, 60 GHz, 70 GHz,or any other frequency). In an example, an SpCell may operate in a lowfrequency (e.g., 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, or any other frequency). The channelcondition of the SCell may be different from the channel condition ofthe SpCell. The wireless device may use uplink resources of the SpCellto send (e.g., transmit) a preamble for a beam failure recovery requestfor the SCell, for example, to improve robustness of transmission of thepreamble. BFR procedures may be enhanced, for example, if an Scelloperates in a different frequency than PCell.

A base station may configure a wireless device with one or morebandwidth parts (BWPs) to achieve a bandwidth adaptation (BA). A basestation may indicate, to a wireless device, which of the one or moreBWPs (e.g., configured BWPs) is an active BWP. A wireless device mayperform one or more beam management procedures (e.g., a BFR procedure)on the active BWP. The wireless device may perform a BFR procedure, forexample, if at least one beam pair link of one or more beam pair linksbetween the active BWP and the wireless device fails. Existing BFRprocedures may also be enhanced to improve downlink radio efficiency andreduce uplink signaling overhead, for example, if bandwidth parts areconfigured for a cell.

A wireless device may initiate a BFR procedure on the active BWP, forexample, if the wireless device detects a beam failure on the activeBWP. The active BWP may comprise an active UL BWP and/or an active DLBWP, for example, an active UL BWP and/or an active DL BWP configured bya higher layer parameter (e.g., a RRC). The wireless device may switchto an initial BWP configured by a higher layer parameter (e.g., a RRC),for example, if the wireless device is not configured with at least aPRACH resource for the active UL BWP. The initial BWP may comprise aninitial DL BWP and/or an initial UL BWP. The wireless device mayinitiate a BFR procedure on the initial BWP, for example, after or inresponse to the switching. The wireless device may use uplink resourcesof the initial BWP (e.g., UL BWP) to send (e.g., transmit) a preamblefor a beam failure recovery request for the active BWP.

As described above, a BFR procedure may comprise the wireless devicetransmitting a preamble, for example, in response to identifying acandidate beam. Additionally, the BFR procedure may comprise thewireless device receiving, from a base station, a BFR response, forexample, via a dedicated coreset that is configured for the BFRprocedure. A secondary cell may comprise both an uplink channel and adownlink channel for transferring data, or may comprise only a downlinkchannel for data transfer. A BFR procedure may be supported for bothtypes of secondary cells and, for example, under four differentexamples. The first example is the wireless device transmitting thepreamble via the primary cell and receiving the BFR response via theprimary cell. The second example is the wireless device transmitting thepreamble via the primary cell and receiving the BFR response via thesecondary cell. The third example is the wireless device transmittingthe preamble via the secondary cell and receiving the BFR response viathe primary cell. The fourth example is the wireless device transmittingthe preamble via the secondary cell and receiving the BFR response viathe secondary cell. As described above, the BFR procedure may besupported for a secondary cell having downlink only capabilities, forexample, if the secondary cell does not have an uplink channel forpreamble transmission (e.g., the third and fourth examples).

FIG. 22A and FIG. 22B show example diagrams for beam failure recoveryprocedures for a second (or secondary) cell. FIG. 22A shows a beamfailure recovery procedure where preamble transmission and BFRQ responseare performed via a first (or primary) cell, for example, as describedabove concerning the first example. In FIG. 22A, a base station sends(e.g., transmits) to a wireless device (e.g., a wireless device 2201),one or more messages comprising a first set of RS resourceconfigurations for a second cell (e.g., a second cell 2203). The firstset of RS resource configurations may comprise one or more first RSs(e.g., a CSI-RS or SS blocks) of the second cell 2203 (e.g., the SecondRS 1 and the Second RS 2 shown in FIG. 22A). The one or more messagesmay further comprise a second set of RS resource configurationscomprising one or more second RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS or SS blocks) of thesecond cell 2203 (e.g., the First RS 1 and the First RS 2 shown in FIG.22A). The wireless device may measure radio link quality of one or morebeams associated with the one or more first RSs and/or the one or moresecond RSs. The one or more messages may further comprise one or moreBFRQ resources (e.g., the BFRQ resource shown in FIG. 22A) on a firstcell (e.g., a first cell 2205). The one or more messages may furthercomprise an association between each of the one or more second RSs andeach of the one or more BFRQ resources (e.g., the association betweenFirst RS 1 and BFRQ resource shown in FIG. 22A).

As shown in FIG. 22A, the wireless device 2201 may assess (or compare) afirst radio link quality (e.g., a BLER, L1-RSRP) of the one or morefirst RSs against a first threshold. The first threshold (e.g., a BLER,L1-RSRP) may be a first value provided by a higher layer parameter(e.g., a RRC, a MAC). The wireless device 2201 may monitor a PDCCH ofthe second cell 2203. At least a RS (e.g., a DM-RS) of the PDCCH may beassociated with (e.g., QCLed with) the one or more first RSs.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) one or more messages comprisingconfiguration parameters of a beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., theRRC configuration for the BFR procedure shown in FIG. 22A). As shown inFIG. 22A, the wireless device 2201 may detect a beam failure on thesecond cell (e.g., the SCell 2203), for example, if the first radio linkquality of the one or more first RSs meets certain criteria. A beamfailure may occur, for example, if the RSRP or SINR of the one or morefirst RSs is lower than the first threshold and/or if the BLER is higherthan a second threshold. The first threshold and the second thresholdmay be the same value. The assessment may be for a consecutive number oftimes with a value provided by a higher layer parameter (e.g., the RRC,MAC).

The wireless device 2201 may initiate a candidate beam identificationprocedure on the second cell 2203, for example, after or in response todetecting the beam failure on the second cell 2203. For the candidatebeam identification procedure, the wireless device may identify a firstRS (e.g., the First RS 1 shown in FIG. 22A) among the one of the one ormore second RSs. The first RS may be associated with a BFRQ resource(e.g., the BFRQ resource shown in FIG. 22A) of the one or more BFRQresources on the first cell 2205. The BFRQ resource may comprise apreamble and a PRACH resource (e.g., a time and frequency resource). Asecond radio link quality (e.g., BLER, L1-RSRP) of the first RS may bebetter than a second threshold, for example, the second radio linkquality of the first RS may have a lower BLER, a higher L1-RSRP, and/ora higher SINR than the second threshold. The second threshold may be asecond value provided by the higher layer parameter (e.g., a RRC, aMAC).

The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit), in a first slot, thepreamble via the PRACH resource (e.g., the BFRQ resource) on the firstcell (e.g., the PCell 2205) for a BFR procedure of the second cell 2203,for example, after or in response to detecting the beam failure on thesecond cell 2203 and identifying the first RS of the second cell 2203.The wireless device 2201 may start, from a second slot, monitoring atleast a first PDCCH in one or more first coresets on the first cell 2205for a DCI within a response window, for example, after or in response tosending (e.g., transmitting) the preamble in the first slot. The DCI maybe configured with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by aC-RNTI.

The BFR procedure may be successfully completed, for example, after orin response to receiving, within the configured response window, adownlink assignment or an uplink grant on the first PDCCH of the firstcell 2205 in one or more coresets on the first cell 2205. The downlinkassignment or the uplink grant may be received at the wireless device2201 as shown by the BFRQ response in FIG. 22B. The downlink assignmentor the uplink grant may be addressed to the C-RNTI. The wireless device2201 may detect the beam failure caused by a fading dip (e.g., deepfading) on the second cell (e.g., the SCell 2203). Control channels ofthe second cell 2203 may improve, for example, during the BFR procedure.The one or more first RSs of the second cell 2203 may recover (e.g.,recover from the fading dip). The wireless device 2201 may monitorcontrol channels of the first cell 2205 and/or the control channels ofthe second cell 2203. The wireless device 2201 may monitor at least asecond PDCCH in one or more second coresets of the second cell 2203 fora DCI. The DCI may be configured with the CRC scrambled by the C-RNTI.The BFR procedure may be successfully completed, for example, after orin response to receiving a second downlink assignment or a second uplinkgrant, addressed to the C-RNTI, on the second PDCCH in one or moresecond coresets on the second cell 2203. The one or more second coresetsmay be coresets where the wireless device may monitor the second PDCCHbefore the BFR procedure is triggered. Completing the BFR procedurebased on the receiving the second downlink assignment or the seconduplink grant may reduce a duration of the BFR procedure and may reducebattery power consumption.

FIG. 23 shows an example of aborting a beam failure recovery procedureon a secondary cell. As shown at time T₀ in FIG. 23, the wireless device(e.g., the wireless device 2201) may receive, from a base station, oneor more RRC messages comprising one or more configuration parameters ofthe BFR procedure. The wireless device may detect the beam failure on asecond cell (e.g., the second cell 2203) at time T₁. The wireless devicemay detect a beam failure on a downlink control channel by determiningthat the black error rate (BLER) of the downlink control channel (e.g.,beam pair link) is higher than a threshold value. The wireless devicemay initiate a candidate beam identification procedure on the secondcell, for example, after or in response to detecting the beam failure onthe second cell. For the candidate beam identification procedure, thewireless device may identify the first RS of the second cell at time T₂,as shown in FIG. 23. The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit) apreamble via a PRACH resource on the first cell (e.g., the first cell2205) at time T₃, for example, after or in response to detecting thebeam failure on the second cell (e.g., the second cell 2203) andidentifying the first RS of the second cell. The wireless device maystart monitoring, within a configured (or determined) response window,the first PDCCH in one or more first coresets on the first cell for aDCI with the CRC scrambled by a C-RNTI, for example, after or inresponse to sending (e.g., transmitting) the preamble. The wirelessdevice may receive, at time T₄, a first cell response comprising adownlink assignment or an uplink grant, addressed to the C-RNTI, on thefirst PDCCH of the first cell in one or more first coresets on the firstcell. BFR procedureThe one or more first RSs of the second cell (e.g.,the second cell 2203) may recover (e.g., recover from the fading dip),for example, during the BFR procedure. As shown in FIG. 23, the one ormore first RSs of the second cell may recover (e.g., recover from thefading dip), for example, between time T₁ and time T₄. BFR procedureAblockage between the second cell (e.g., the second cell 2203) and thewireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2201) causing the beamfailure may disappear or be removed, for example, during the BFRprocedure (e.g., between time T₁ and time T₄ as shown in FIG. 23). Ifsuch blockage is removed, the BLER of the downlink control channel wouldno longer be above a threshold for detecting the beam failure, forexample the first threshold. BFR procedureThe BFR procedure may besuccessfully completed, for example, after or in response to receiving adownlink assignment or an uplink grant, addressed to the C-RNTI in(e.g., during) the BFR procedure (e.g., between T₁ and T₄ as shown inFIG. 23), on the second PDCCH of the second cell (e.g., the second cell2203) in one or more second coresets on the second cell.

The wireless device may monitor a first downlink control channel (or afirst coreset) and a second downlink control channel (or a secondcoreset) on a second cell (e.g., the second cell 2203), for example,under transmission and reception procedures. At T₀, the wireless devicemay detect a beam failure on the first downlink control channel andsecond downlink control channel. The wireless device may initiate a BFRprocedure for the second cell, for example, after or in response todetecting the beam failure. In (e.g., during) the BFR procedure (e.g.,between T₁ and T₄ as shown in FIG. 23), the wireless device may monitora dedicated coreset (configured for the BFR procedure) on the first cellor on the second cell. The wireless device may monitor the dedicatedcoreset for a BFR response. As described above, in (e.g., during) theBFR procedure and prior to receiving a downlink control information(DCI) or BFR response, the first downlink control channel and/or thesecond downlink control channel may recover, for example, the BFRprocedure may be initiated due to a sudden drop in signal quality causedby signal blockage and then may recover after the blockage disappears oris removed. If the wireless device receives a downlink controlinformation (DCI) in the first downlink control channel and/or thesecond downlink control channel of the second cell (e.g., the secondcell 2203), the wireless device may abort or stop the BFR procedure forthe second cell, for example, if the first downlink control channeland/or the second downlink control channel, for which the wirelessdevice initiated the BFR procedure, begin to function again (e.g., thesignal blockage disappears/dissipates).

The wireless device may deactivate a secondary cell, for example, byconfiguring the secondary cell with an SCell deactivation timer. Thesecondary cell may remain active, for example, if the SCell deactivationtimer of that secondary cell is still running, and the secondary cellmay deactivate, for example, if the SCell deactivation timer expires.The base station may deactivate a secondary cell by transmitting, to thewireless device, a MAC CE requesting the deactivation of the secondarySCell. The wireless device may deactivate the SCell, for example, afteror in response to receiving the MAC CE.

The wireless device may transmit a preamble on the uplink channels ofthe secondary cell and receive the random access response on the primarycell, for example, if the wireless device is initiating a random accessprocedure for the secondary cell. Since the preamble transmission isperformed on the uplink channel of the secondary cell, the wirelessdevice may have to stop the random access procedure, for example, if thesecondary cell is deactivated in (e.g., during) the random accessprocedure, given that the wireless device would be unable to transmit anuplink signal via a deactivated secondary cell.

The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit), via the primary cell, thepreamble for the BFR procedure. The wireless device may monitor on theprimary cell for the BFR procedure. The random access procedure for theBFR of the secondary cell may not be affected by a secondary cell beingdeactivated, for example, because the preamble transmission and the BFRresponse monitoring are performed, by the wireless device, on theprimary cell. Some BFR procedures may require stopping the ongoingrandom access procedure if the secondary cell is deactivated, forexample, if the preamble transmission would be performed by the wirelessdevice on the secondary cell. An improved BFR procedure described hereinprovides the wireless device an option of stopping the random accessprocedure for the BFR procedure of the secondary cell or continuing therandom access procedure for the beam failure recovery.

FIG. 24A and FIG. 24B show examples of secondary cell deactivation andaborting random access procedures for a BFR procedure. As shown at timeT₀ in FIGS. 24A and 24B, the wireless device (e.g., the wireless device2201) may receive from a base station, one or more RRC messagescomprising one or more configuration parameters of the BFR procedure.The one or more configuration parameters may comprise BFR parameters andan SCell deactivation timer. The wireless device may detect a beamfailure on the second cell (e.g., the second cell 2203) at time T₁, asshown in FIGS. 24A and 24B. At time T₂, as shown in FIG. 24A, thewireless device may initiate a candidate beam identification procedureon the second cell, for example, after or in response to the detectingthe beam failure on the second cell. For the candidate beamidentification procedure, the wireless device may identify the first RSof the second cell. At time T₃, as shown in FIG. 24A, the wirelessdevice may send (e.g., transmit) the preamble via a PRACH resource onthe first cell, for example, after or in response to detecting the beamfailure on the second cell and identifying the first RS of the secondcell. The wireless device may start monitoring, within a configuredresponse window, a first PDCCH in one or more first coresets on thefirst cell (e.g., the first cell 2205) for a DCI, which may beconfigured with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by a C-RNTI.The wireless device may receive, at time T₄, a first cell responsecomprising a downlink assignment or an uplink grant, addressed to theC-RNTI, on the first PDCCH of the first cell in one or more firstcoresets on the first cell. As shown in FIG. 24B, at time T₂, thewireless device may send (e.g., transmit) the preamble for the BFRprocedure, for example, via a PRACH resource on the first cell. Thewireless device may send the preamble for the BFR procedure, forexample, after or in response to detecting the beam failure on thesecond cell and identifying the first RS of the second cell.

As shown in FIG. 24A, the wireless device may deactivate the secondcell, for example, at (e.g., during) a time period between the sending(e.g., transmitting) of the preamble and the receiving of the first cellresponse (e.g., between T₃ and T₄). As shown in FIG. 24B, the wirelessdevice may deactivate the second cell, for example, at (e.g., during) atime period between initiating the BFR procedure for the secondary celland the receiving of the BFR response (e.g., between T₁ and T₄). Thewireless device may deactivate the second cell, for example, after or inresponse to receiving an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE. The SCellActivation/Deactivation MAC CE may be received, for example, on thefirst cell (e.g., the first cell 2205). The base station may send (e.g.,transmit), to the wireless device, one or more messages comprising atime, for example, an sCellDeactivationTimer timer. The wireless devicemay deactivate the second cell, for example, after or in response to anexpiry of the sCellDeactivationTimer timer. The wireless device may notperform one or more operations comprising sending (e.g., transmitting) aSRS on the second cell; reporting a CQI, a PMI, a RI, or a CRI for thesecond cell on the first cell; sending (e.g., transmitting) an UL-SCH onthe second cell; sending (e.g., transmitting) a RACH on the second cell;monitoring at least a third PDCCH on the second cell; monitoring atleast a fourth PDCCH for the second cell on the first cell; or sending(e.g., transmitting) a PUCCH on the second cell. The wireless device maynot perform the one or more operations, for example, in response to thedeactivating the second cell (e.g., the second cell 2203). The wirelessdevice may further not perform sending (e.g., transmitting) a RACH, viathe first cell, for the BFR procedure for the second cell. The wirelessdevice may stop sending (e.g., transmitting) uplink signals, such as thepreamble, for the BFR procedure of the second cell on the first cell,for example, if the second cell has an ongoing BFR procedure on thefirst cell.

A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2201) may start a randomaccess procedure (RACH) for a BFR procedure of the second cell on thefirst cell. BFR procedureThe wireless device may abort the random accessprocedure for the BFR procedure of the second cell on the first cell,for example, if the wireless device deactivates the second cell in(e.g., during) the BFR procedure of the second cell.

In the event that the base station desires to serve the wireless devicewith a secondary cell, the base station may continue to transmit a DCIindicating an uplink grant and/or a downlink assignment on the secondarycell. The DCI transmitted by the base station restarts the SCelldeactivation timer to ensure that the secondary cell is not deactivated,for example, if the base station desires to use the secondary cell toserve the wireless device. The wireless device may not receive, from thebase station, the DCI restarting the SCell deactivation timer, forexample, if there is a beam failure on the secondary cell. The wirelessdevice may not receive the DCI, for example, because the downlinkcontrol channels of the secondary cell may fail with (e.g., during) thebeam failure. The SCell deactivation timer may expire before the basestation expects it to do so, for example, after or in response to notrestarting the SCell deactivation timer. The base station may attempt toreactivate the secondary cell, for example if the secondary cell isdeactivated, by sending a MAC-CE reactivating the secondary cell. Beforethe base station may transmit the MAC-CE to reactivate the secondarycell, the base station may attempt to ensure that there is no beamfailure associated with the secondary cell. Accordingly, the basestation may attempt to first complete the ongoing BFR procedure andafter or in response to the successful completion of the BFR procedure,the base station may attempt to reactivate the secondary cell such thatif the secondary cell is reactivated, the secondary cell may operatewith functioning downlink control channels. To that end, the wirelessdevice may not abort an ongoing random access procedure of the secondarycell, for example, if the secondary cell is deactivated. The wirelessdevice may continue with the BFR procedure and, if the BFR procedure issuccessfully completed, the base station may reactivate the secondarycell.

As described above concerning FIGS. 24A & 24B and in more detail belowconcerning FIG. 25, for the improved BFR procedure(s) described herein,the wireless device may abort the BFR procedure of the secondary cell,for example, if the secondary cell is deactivated (e.g., via an SCelldeactivation timer or MAC CE). The wireless device may stop or abort thesending (e.g., transmission) of a preamble for the BFR procedure on theprimary cell (e.g., PCell). The wireless device may abort or stop theBFR procedure, for example, because the base station may no longer wantto serve the wireless device with the secondary cell.

The wireless device may continue retransmitting the preamble for the BFRprocedure, for example, if the wireless device does not stop or abortthe BFR procedure. The base station may not want or attempt to recoverthe secondary cell, for example, because the base station may havealready terminated attempts at recovering the secondary cell and/orassigned a different secondary cell for the wireless device. Bycontinuing to send (e.g., transmit), to the base station, the preamblefor the secondary cell, which the base station may not want to recover,the wireless device may waste resources and increase interference toother wireless devices. Moreover, the wireless device may monitor thededicated coreset for a BFR response from the base station, for example,if the wireless device continues sending (e.g., transmitting) preamblesfor the BFR procedure. Given that the base station may not likely send(e.g., transmit) the BFR response if the base station may not want torecover the secondary cell, the wireless device may continue toneedlessly monitor the coreset for the BFR response. By monitoring thededicated coreset for the BFR response, the wireless device increasesits power consumption. The wireless device may not determine theintention of the base station whether to keep the secondary cellactivated or deactivated. Accordingly, the improved BFR proceduresdescribed herein provide the wireless device an option to stop or abortan ongoing BFR procedure, for example, if the secondary cell isdeactivated, thereby reducing power consumption.

FIG. 25 shows a diagram of example BFR procedures for deactivating asecondary cell and continuing and/or aborting a BFR procedure. At step2501, a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2201) may receive,from a base station, one or more messages comprising one or moreconfiguration parameters (e.g., RRC configuration parameters) of a firstcell (e.g., the first cell 2205) and a second cell (e.g., the secondcell 2203). The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one ormore beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the first cell,one or more first reference signals (RSs) of the second cell, one ormore second RSs of the second cell, and/or an association between eachof the one or more first RSs and each of the one or more BFRQ resources.The one or more first RSs may comprise one or more first CSI-RSs and/orone or more first SS blocks. The one or more second RSs may comprise oneor more second CSI-RSs and/or one or more second SS blocks. The PRACHresource may comprise one or more time resources and/or one or morefrequency resources. At step 2503, the wireless device may activate thesecondary cell (e.g., the second cell 2203), for example, after or inresponse to receiving a first medium-access control element (MAC CE)activating the secondary cell. The wireless device may start adeactivation timer, for example, in response to receiving the first MACCE for activating the secondary cell.

At step 2505, the wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2201) maydetect a beam failure on the second cell (e.g., second cell 2203). Thewireless device may initiate a BFR procedure, for example, after or inresponse to detecting a beam failure based on the one or more secondRSs. The detecting the beam failure may comprise assessing (orcomparing) one or more downlink control channels associated with the oneor more second RSs having a radio quality lower than a first thresholdvalue. The first threshold may be based on a first received signalstrength (e.g., BLER and/or RSRP). The wireless device may select aselected candidate beam associated with a selected RS in the one or morefirst RSs. The selected RS may be associated with one of the one or morefirst RSs having a radio quality higher than a second threshold value.The second threshold value may be based on a second received signalstrength, for example a BLER and/or a RSRP.

The selected RS may be associated with a BFRQ resource of the one ormore BFRQ resources. The BFRQ resource may comprise a preamble and aPRACH resource. The wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2201) maysend (e.g., transmit) the preamble via the PRACH resource. The wirelessdevice may monitor, for a DCI, a PDCCH of the second cell (e.g., thesecond cell 2203). The wireless device may complete the BFR procedure,for example, after or in response to receiving the DCI. The monitoringof the PDCCH may comprise searching for the DCI addressed for a C-RNTIin the PDCCH. The DCI may comprise a downlink assignment and/or anuplink grant.

At step 2507, the wireless device may determine whether the secondarycell is deactivated in (e.g., during) the BFR procedure. The wirelessdevice may deactivate the secondary cell, for example, after sending thepreamble and prior to receiving the primary cell response. The wirelessdevice may deactivate the secondary cell, for example, after or inresponse to receiving a MAC CE for deactivating the secondary cell(e.g., an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE). The wireless device maydeactivate the secondary cell, for example, after or in response to thewireless device determining an expiry of the deactivation timer of thesecondary cell (e.g., determining an expiry of an sCellDeactivationTimertimer). The wireless device may continue the BFR procedure, for example,after or in response to the wireless device determining that thesecondary cell has not been deactivated in (e.g., during) the BFRprocedure. At step 2511, the wireless device may abort the random accessprocedure (for the BFR procedure of the secondary cell) on the primarycell, for example, after or in response to deactivating the secondarycell (e.g., during the BFR procedure of the secondary cell). Thewireless device may abort the random access procedure by stopping thesending (e.g., transmitting) of the preamble on the primary cell. Atstep 2511, the wireless device may abort the BFR procedure of thesecondary cell, for example, after or in response to deactivating thesecondary cell. The wireless device may abort the BFR procedure bystopping the sending (e.g., transmitting) of the preamble on the primarycell.

A wireless device may receive, from a base station, one or more messages(e.g., RRC messages) comprising one or more configuration parameters ofa BFR procedure. The wireless device may receive, from the base station,one or more configuration parameters of a primary cell and a secondarycell. The one or more configurations parameters of the primary cell andthe secondary cell may indicate a coreset (configured) on the primarycell for beam failure recovery of the primary cell and/or the secondarycell. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or morebeam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the primary cell, oneor more first reference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell, a third RSof the primary cell, a fourth RS of the primary cell, one or more secondRSs of the secondary cell, and/or an association between each of the oneor more first RSs and each of the one or more BFRQ resources.

The wireless device may initiate a first beam failure recoveryprocedure, for example, after or in response to detecting a beam failureof the secondary cell. The first beam failure recovery procedure mayrelate to the wireless device sending (e.g., transmitting) a preamble.The wireless device may identify a first RS of the secondary cell. Thefirst RS may be associated with a BFRQ resource on the primary cell. TheBFRQ resource may comprise a preamble and a PRACH resource, for examplea time resource and/or a frequency resource. The wireless device maysend (e.g., transmit) a preamble via the PRACH resource on the primarycell (for a BFR procedure of the secondary cell), for example, inresponse to detecting the beam failure on the secondary cell andidentifying a first RS of the secondary cell. The wireless device maydetect a beam failure on the secondary cell, for example, if a firstradio link quality of the one or more first RSs meets certain criteria.

The wireless device may monitor a first coreset for a first downlinkcontrol information (DCI). The first DCI may comprise a first resourcegrant for the primary cell. The wireless device may monitor a firstcontrol resource set (coreset) of the primary cell to monitor a firstbeam failure recovery response associated with the primary cell.Additionally, or alternatively, the wireless device may monitor thefirst coreset of the primary cell to monitor a second beam failurerecovery response associated with the secondary cell. The wirelessdevice may start monitoring, within a first response window, a PDCCH inone or more coresets on the primary cell for a DCI, for example, afteror in response to sending (e.g., transmitting) the preamble. The DCI maybe configured with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by aC-RNTI. The wireless device may monitor the PDCCH of the first cellaccording to an antenna port associated with a third RS of the primarycell, for example, the antenna port may be associated with (e.g., QCLedwith) the third RS of the primary cell. The wireless device may selectthe third RS based on a timing of the sending (e.g., transmitting) thepreamble. The wireless device may start, monitoring, from a second slotand within a response window, a PDCCH in one or more coresets on theprimary cell for a DCI, for example, after or in response totransmitting the preamble in the first slot. The wireless device maymonitor the one or more coresets for a beam failure recovery responsefrom the base station. The beam failure recovery response may beassociated with a beam failure on the primary cell and/or may beassociated with a beam failure on one or more secondary cells. Thewireless device may complete the first beam failure recovery procedure,for example, after or in response to receiving the first DCI. Thewireless device may determine that the BFR procedure is successfullycompleted, for example, after or in response to receiving, within theresponse window, a downlink assignment or an uplink grant on the firstPDCCH of the primary cell.

The wireless device may initiate a second beam failure recoveryprocedure, for example, after or in response to detecting a second beamfailure of the secondary cell. The second beam failure recoveryprocedure may relate to the wireless device sending (e.g., transmitting)a preamble. The wireless device may use (or initiate) a second BFRQtransmission. The wireless device may monitor the first coreset for asecond DCI. The second DCI may comprise a second resource grant for thesecondary cell. The wireless device may monitor the PDCCH of the primarycell according to an antenna port associated with (e.g., QCLed with) theThird RS 2. The wireless device may receive a first DCI comprising adownlink assignment or an uplink grant, addressed to the C-RNTI, on thePDCCH of the primary cell. The wireless device may monitor the firstcoreset of the primary cell to monitor (or determine) a second beamfailure recovery response associated with the secondary cell. Thewireless device may complete the second beam failure recovery procedure,for example, after or in response to receiving the second DCI. Thewireless device may determine the BFR procedure is successfullycompleted, for example, after or in response to receiving the first DCI.

In some BFR procedures on a primary cell, the wireless device sends(e.g., transmits) a preamble via a time-frequency resources associatedwith a candidate RS, for example, if the wireless device identifies thecandidate RS (or a candidate beam). The wireless device may monitor aphysical downlink control channel (PDCCH) in a dedicated coreset toidentify a BFR response (e.g., DCI), for example, after or in responseto the sending (e.g., transmitting) the preamble. A demodulationreference signal (DM-RS) of a channel (e.g., PUSHC, PDCCH, PDSCH) may beused to decode the channel. In some BFR procedures, the DM-RS of thePDCCH in the dedicated coreset may be quasi co-located (QCLed) with thecandidate RS (e.g., candidate beam), for example, the base station maysend (e.g., transmit) the DM-RS of the PDCCH and the candidate RS withthe same beam from the same antenna port. By quasi co-locating the DM-RSwith the candidate RS, the DM-RS and the candidate RS may have the sameor similar spatial properties. The wireless device may decode the PDCCHwith the candidate RS. The wireless device may also decode the PDCCHwith the assumption that the DM-RS of the PDCCH is equal to (or the sameas) the candidate RS.

During a BFR procedure for a secondary cell (e.g., one of the first orthird examples described above where the BFR response is transmitted onthe primary cell), the wireless device may not monitor the PDCCH in thededicated coreset of the primary cell with the candidate RS. Thewireless device may not monitor the PDCCH in the dedicated coreset ofthe primary cell with the candidate RS, for example, because thecandidate RS may be located or configured on the secondary cell and thededicated coreset may be located or configured on the primary cell. Thewireless device may not monitor the dedicated coreset on the primarycell with a beam (or RS) configured on the secondary cell, for example,because the primary cell and the secondary cell may operate on differentfrequencies. For example, the primary cell may operate in lowfrequencies, and the secondary cell may operate in high frequencies. Thecandidate beam (or candidate RS) determined for the secondary cell maynot be applicable for receiving a BFR response via the PDCCH on theprimary cell. As described below in FIG. 26, this issue may be resolvedby using a BFR procedure for a secondary cell where the wireless devicemay use or select a reference signal, rather than a candidate beam,configured on a primary cell to monitor the BFR response on a dedicatedcoreset of the primary cell.

During a BFR procedure of a primary cell, a wireless device may select acandidate reference signal (RS) in response to detecting a beam failurefor the primary cell and may transmit a preamble associated with thecandidate RS. The wireless device may monitor a coreset on the primarycell using the candidate RS. In the enhanced BFR procedures for asecondary cell described herein (and described below concerning FIG.26), the wireless device may select a candidate RS after or in responseto detecting a beam failure for the secondary cell. The wireless devicemay transmit a preamble associated with the candidate RS. However, thecoreset may be located on the primary cell, while the candidate RS islocated on the secondary cell. Therefore, unlike the primary cell casedescribed above, the wireless device may not monitor the coreset on theprimary cell with the candidate RS on the secondary cell, as these cellsoperate on different frequencies. Accordingly, the wireless device mayselect another RS configured on the primary cell to monitor the coreseton the primary cell.

FIG. 26 shows an example diagram of beam failure recovery procedures fora secondary cell and selecting a reference signal (RS). The BFRprocedures shown in FIG. 26 may be performed for a secondary cell. Thewireless device may use or select a reference signal (RS) configured ona primary cell, instead of selecting a candidate RS, to monitor the BFRresponse on the dedicated coreset of the primary cell. As shown in FIG.26, a base station sends (e.g., transmits) to a wireless device (e.g.,the wireless device 2601), one or more messages comprising a first setof RS resource configurations for a second cell (e.g. the second cell2603). The first set of RS resource configurations may comprise one ormore first RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS or SS blocks) of the second cell 2603,for example, the Second RS 1 and the Second RS 2 shown in FIG. 26. Theone or more messages may further comprise a second set of RS resourceconfigurations. The second set of RS resource configurations maycomprise one or more second RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS or SS blocks) of thesecond cell 2603, for example, the First RS 1 and the First RS 2 shownin FIG. 26. The wireless device 2601 may measure radio link quality ofone or more beams associated with the one or more first RSs and/or theone or more second RSs. The one or more messages may further compriseone or more BFRQ resources (e.g., the BFRQ resource shown in FIG. 26) ona first cell 2605 (e.g. PCell). The one or more messages may furthercomprise an association between each of the one or more second RSs andeach of the one or more BFRQ resources, for example, an associationbetween the First RS 1 and the BFRQ resource shown in FIG. 26. The oneor more messages may comprise a third set of RS resource configurations.The third set of RS resource configurations may comprise one or morethird RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS and/or SS blocks) of the first cell 2605, forexample, the Third RS 1 and the Third RS 2 shown in FIG. 26).

The wireless device 2601 may assess (or compare) a first radio linkquality (e.g., a BLER or L1-RSRP) of the one or more first RSs against afirst threshold. The first threshold (e.g., the BLER, L1-RSRP) may be afirst value provided by a higher layer parameter (e.g., a RRC, a MAC).The wireless device 2601 may monitor a PDCCH of the second cell 2603. ARS (e.g., a DM-RS) of the PDCCH may be associated with the one or morefirst RSs, for example, the PDCCH may be QCLed with the one or morefirst RSs.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit), to the wireless device, one ormore messages comprising configuration parameters of a beam failurerecovery procedure, for example, the RRC configuration for the BFRprocedure shown in FIG. 26. As shown in FIG. 26, the wireless device2601 may detect a beam failure on the second cell (e.g., the SCell2603), for example, if the first radio link quality of the one or morefirst RSs meets certain criteria. A beam failure may occur, for example,if the RSRP or SINR of the one or more first RSs is lower than the firstthreshold and/or the BLER is higher than a threshold (e.g., the firstthreshold). The assessment may be performed for a consecutive number oftimes. The number of consecutive performances of the assessment may bedetermined by a higher layer parameter (e.g., a RRC, a MAC).

The wireless device 2601 may initiate a candidate beam identificationprocedure on the second cell 2603, for example, in response to detectingthe beam failure on the second cell. For the candidate beamidentification procedure, the wireless device 2601 may identify a firstRS (e.g., the First RS 1 shown in FIG. 26) among a second RS of the oneor more second RSs. The first RS may be associated with a BFRQ resource(e.g., the BFRQ resource shown in FIG. 26) of the one or more BFRQresources on the first cell 2605. The BFRQ resource may comprise apreamble and a PRACH resource, for example a time resource and/or afrequency resource. A second radio link quality (e.g., a BLER, aL1-RSRP) of the first RS may be better than a second threshold, forexample, the second radio link quality of the first RS may have a lowerBLER, a higher L1-RSRP, or a higher SINR than the second threshold. Thesecond threshold may comprise a second value provided by the higherlayer parameter (e.g., a RRC, a MAC).

The wireless device 2601 may send (e.g., transmit), in a first slot, thepreamble via the PRACH resource (e.g., the BFRQ resource) on the firstcell (e.g., the PCell 2605) for a BFR procedure of the second cell 2603,for example, after or in response to detecting the beam failure on thesecond cell and identifying the first RS of the second cell. Thewireless device 2601 may start, from a second slot, monitoring, within aresponse window, a PDCCH in one or more coresets on the first cell 2605for a DCI, for example, after or in response to sending (e.g.,transmitting) the preamble in the first slot. The DCI may be configuredwith a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by a C-RNTI.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device (e.g.,the wireless device 2601), one or more messages comprising configurationparameters of one or more cells. The one or more cells may comprise atleast a PCell or a PSCell, and one or more SCells. The one or moremessages may further comprise one or more control resource sets(coresets) on the PCell or PSCell. The wireless device 2601 may monitorthe one or more control resource sets for a beam failure recoveryresponse from the base station. The beam failure recovery response maybe associated with a beam failure on the PCell or the PSCell, and/or maybe associated with a beam failure on the one or more SCells. BFRprocedureThe one or more control resource sets may be used to monitorthe beam failure recovery response of the beam failure on one of thePCell or the PSCell, or one of the one or more SCells, for example, ifthe wireless device 2601 is configured to support a single BFRprocedure. BFR procedureOne or more second control resource sets may beneeded, for example, if the wireless device 2601 is configured tosupport one or more simultaneous BFR procedures. The one or moremessages may further comprise an association between each of the one ormore second control resource sets and each of the PCell or the PSCell,and the one or more SCells. The base station may send (e.g., transmit) abeam failure recovery response on a first coreset resource of the one ormore second control resource sets. The base station may use the firstcoreset resource for one of the PCell or the PSCell, or one of the oneor more SCells. The one more second control resource sets may be used,by the wireless device 2601 and/or the base station, to differentiate acell associated with a beam failure. A first beam failure and a secondbeam failure may occur on a PCell and a SCell, respectively. Thewireless device 2601 may monitor a first control resource set of thePCell and a second control resource set of the PCell to monitor a firstbeam failure recovery response associated with the PCell. Additionally,or alternatively, the wireless device 2601 may monitor the first controlresource set of the PCell and the second control resource set of thePCell to monitor a second beam failure recovery response associated withthe SCell.

A first accuracy of channel estimation via an RS (e.g., a DM-RS) may belower than a second accuracy of channel estimation via a third RS (e.g.,a CSI-RS). A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2601) mayimprove the first accuracy of channel estimation via the RS (e.g., aDM-RS) based on information about radio channel characteristics acquiredby channel estimation via the third RS (e.g., a CSI-RS), for example, ifthe third RS is associated with (e.g., QCLed with) the RS.

As shown in FIG. 26, a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2601)may monitor the PDCCH of the first cell 2605 in the one or more firstcoresets according to an antenna port associated with a third RS, forexample, an antenna port associated with (e.g., QCLed with) a third RS.The third RS, for example, the Third RS 1 shown in FIG. 22, may beselected from the one or more third RSs of the first cell 2605. A fourthRS (e.g., a DM-RS) of the PDCCH, such as the Fourth RS shown in FIG. 26,may be associated with the third RS, for example, the fourth RS may beQCLed with the third RS. A base station may send (e.g., transmit) anindication of quasi co-location between antenna port(s) of the third RSand the fourth RS.

A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2601) may determine thatthe BFR procedure is successfully completed, for example, after or inresponse to receiving, within the response window, a downlink assignmentor an uplink grant on the first PDCCH of the first cell. The downlinkassignment or the uplink grant may be received at the wireless device2601 as shown by the BFRQ response in FIG. 26B. Additionally, oralternatively, the downlink assignment or the uplink grant may beaddressed to a C-RNTI.

The candidate beam (or candidate RS) determined for the secondary cellmay not be applicable (e.g., in some systems) for receiving the BFRresponse via the PDCCH on the primary cell. This issue may be traversedvia the enhanced BFR procedures described herein by ensuring thatwhichever RS (or beam) that the base station may use for the primarycell (e.g., if the wireless device monitors for the BFR response on theprimary cell or the wireless device sends the preamble for the BFRprocedure), the DM-RS of the PDCCH in the dedicated coreset of theprimary cell may be associated with (e.g., QCLed with) the RS (or beam)that the base station may use for the primary cell. As shown in FIG. 27and as described in more detail below, for a first preambletransmission, the base station may serve the primary cell with a firstRS (e.g., the Third RS-1 shown in FIG. 27), for example, if the wirelessdevice monitors for a BFR response. The wireless device may decode thePDCCH in the coreset, for example, with the assumption that the DM-RS ofthe PDCCH is equal to or the same as the Third RS-1. For the secondpreamble transmission, the base station may serve the primary cell witha second RS (e.g., the Third RS-2 shown in FIG. 27), for example, if thewireless device monitors for a BFR response. The wireless device maydecode the PDCCH in the dedicated coreset, for example, with theassumption that the DM-RS of the PDCCH is equal to or the same as theThird RS-2. Accordingly, the selected RS (e.g., the Third RS-1 or theThird RS-2) may be based on a timing of the preamble transmission (e.g.,the first or second preamble transmissions shown in FIG. 27).

FIG. 27 shows an example diagram of beam failure recovery procedures andquasi co-locating (QCL) a demodulated reference signal (DM-RS) with a RSfor the primary cell. At time T₀, a wireless device (e.g., the wirelessdevice 2701) may receive, from a base station, one or more RRC messagescomprising one or more configuration parameters of a BFR procedure. Attime T₁, the wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2701) may detecta beam failure on a second cell. The wireless device 2701 may initiate acandidate beam identification procedure on the second cell, for example,after or in response to the detecting the beam failure on the secondcell. For the candidate beam identification procedure, at time T₂, thewireless device 2601 may identify a first RS of the second cell. At timeT₃, the wireless device 2701 may send (e.g., transmit) a preamble via aPRACH resource on the first cell 2705, for example, in response todetecting the beam failure on the second cell and identifying the firstRS of the second cell. The wireless device 2701 may start monitoring,within a first response window, a PDCCH in one or more coresets on thefirst cell 2705 for a DCI, for example, after or in response to sending(e.g., transmitting) the preamble. The DCI may be configured with acyclic redundancy check (CRC) scrambled by a C-RNTI. The wireless device2701 may monitor the PDCCH according to an antenna port associated witha third RS of the first cell 2705, for example, an antenna port QCLedwith the third RS of the first cell 2705. The third RS may be selectedamong the one or more third RSs of the first cell 2705. The third RS maybe selected based on a timing of the sending (e.g., transmitting) of thepreamble, for example, the timing of the first BFRQ transmission (T₃)and the second BFRQ transmission (T₄).

The base station may use the one or more third RSs in a time slot forcontrol channels of the first cell 2705. The wireless device 2701 mayidentify the one or more third RSs of the first cell 2705 in the timeslot, for example, using RRC configuration parameters and/or MAC/PHYconfiguration parameters. The base station may use the one or more thirdRSs (e.g., the Third RS 1 shown in FIG. 27) for the control channels,for example, during the first response window. The wireless device 2701may monitor a PDCCH of the first cell 2705 according to an antenna portassociated with (e.g., QCLed with) the Third RS 1, for example, after orin response to the base station using the Third RS 1 in (e.g., during)the first response window. At time T₄, the wireless device 2701 may usea second BFRQ transmission, for example, if the wireless device does notreceive a response from the base station. The base station may use theone or more third RSs (e.g., the Third RS 2 shown in FIG. 27) for thecontrol channels, for example, during a second response window after thesecond BFRQ transmission. The wireless device 2701 may monitor the PDCCHof the first cell 2705 according to an antenna port associated with(e.g., QCLed with) the Third RS2. At time T5, the wireless device 2701may use a third BFRQ transmission, for example, if the wireless devicedoes not receive a response from the base station. The wireless device2701 may receive a first DCI comprising a downlink assignment or anuplink grant, addressed to the C-RNTI, on the PDCCH, for example, in(e.g., during) a third response window and/or after the third BFRQtransmission. The wireless device 2701 may determine the BFR procedureis successfully completed, for example, after or in response toreceiving the first DCI.

The wireless device may monitor a dedicated coreset on the primary cellwith a preconfigured RS. The wireless device may decode the PDCCH in thededicated coreset with the assumption that the DM-RS of the PDCCH isequal to or the same as the configured RS (e.g., Third RS-1), forexample, if the base station configures the RS (e.g., the Third RS-1)for monitoring the dedicated coreset.

FIG. 28 shows an examples of a wireless device monitoring a primary cellcontrol resource set (coreset) via a preconfigured RS. The one or morethird RSs may be preconfigured. The third RS may be preconfigured by aparameter, for example, a parameter in a MAC CE, a parameter in a RRCmessage, a parameter in a DCI, and/or a parameter in a combination ofthese signals. As shown in FIG. 28, the wireless device (e.g., thewireless device 2801) may be configured with a third RS, (e.g., theThird RS 1) to monitor a PDCCH of the first cell (e.g., the first cell2805). The wireless device 2801 may monitor, for example in (e.g.,during) a response window, a PDCCH of the first cell 2805 according toan antenna port associated with (e.g., QCLed with) the Third RS 2. Thewireless device 2801 may skip PRACH opportunities to send (e.g.,transmit) a preamble associated with a BFR procedure. The wirelessdevice 2801 may not perform a beam failure recovery requesttransmission, for example, if the base station uses the Third RS 2 forcontrol channels of the first cell 2805.

A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2801) may receive from abase station one or more messages comprising one or more configurationparameters of a first cell (e.g., the first cell 2805) and a secondcell. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or morebeam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the first cell 2805,one or more first reference signals (RSs) of the second cell, a third RSof the first cell 2805, a fourth RS of the first cell 2805, one or moresecond RSs of the second cell, and/or an association between each of theone or more first RSs and each of the one or more BFRQ resources. Theone or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the first cell 2805, one ormore first reference signals (RSs) of the second cell, a third RS of thefirst cell 2805, a fourth RS of the first cell 2805, one or more secondRSs of the second cell, and/or an association between a first RS of theone or more first RSs and a first BFRQ resource of the one or more BFRQresources. The one or more first RSs may comprise one or more firstCSI-RSs and/or one or more first SS blocks. The one or more second RSsmay comprise one or more second CSI-RSs and/or one or more second SSblocks. The third RS may comprise one or more third CSI-RSs and/or oneor more third SS blocks. The fourth RS may comprise one or more fourthDMRs. The PRACH resource may comprise one or more time resources and/orone or more frequency resources.

The wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2801) may initiate a BFRprocedure for the second cell, for example, after or in response todetecting a beam failure based on the one or more second RSs of thesecond cell. The detecting the beam failure may comprise assessing (orcomparing) one or more downlink control channels associated with the oneor more second RSs having a radio quality lower than a first threshold.The first threshold may be based on a first received signal strength,for example, a BLER and/or a RSRP.

The wireless device 2801 may identify (or determine) a selected RS ofthe one or more first RSs of the second cell. The selected RS may beassociated with the one or more first RSs having a radio quality higherthan a second threshold. The second threshold may be based on a secondreceived signal strength (e.g., a BLER and/or a RSRP). The selected RSmay be associated with a BFRQ resource of the one or more BFRQ resourcesof the first cell 2805. The BFRQ resource may comprise a preamble and aPRACH resource. The wireless device 2801 may send (e.g., transmit) thepreamble via the PRACH resource.

The wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 2801) may select thethird RS of the first cell 2805. The selecting of the third RS of thefirst cell may be based on a timing of the sending (e.g., transmitting)the preamble. The third RS may be preconfigured. The selected RS maycorrespond to a candidate serving beam of the second cell, for example,after the BFR procedure is completed. The wireless device 2801 mayselect the fourth RS of a downlink control channel of the first cell2805. The fourth RS may be associated with the third RS.

The wireless device 2801 may monitor the downlink control channel of thefirst cell 2805 to detect a DCI, based on the fourth RS of the firstcell 2805. The monitoring of the downlink control channel may comprisedetecting the DCI in the downlink control channel addressed for aC-RNTI. The DCI may comprise a downlink assignment and/or an uplinkgrant. The wireless device 2801 may complete the BFR procedure for thesecond cell, for example, after or in response to receiving the downlinkcontrol information via the first cell.

By applying existing BFR procedures for a primary cell to a secondarycell, the base station would need to configure a dedicated coreset forthe secondary cell in addition to configuring a dedicated coreset forthe primary cell. Currently there may be at most three coresets perbandwidth part (BWP) in a cell. Thus, if one of the three coresets is adedicated coreset, the wireless device is left with two coresets forcommunication. As described further below, the enhanced BFR proceduresdescribed herein allow for each cell to share a dedicated coreset,thereby causing only one cell to have up to two coresets while theremaining cells have up to three coresets. Accordingly, the base stationhas increased flexibility in schedule a wireless device since morecoresets are available. By configuring a dedicated coreset for eachcell, the system would waste time-frequency resources used by eachcorese. By sharing a dedicated coreset for each cell (e.g., primary celland secondary cell), the system would save resource overhead, forexample time-frequency resources that would otherwise be used bymultiple dedicated coresets.

In the enhanced BFR procedures described here, the wireless device mayreuse a dedicated coreset configured on the primary cell for a BFRprocedure of other cells (e.g., the primary cell and/or the secondarycells configured to the wireless device). Given that there may be atmost one random access procedure for beam failure recovery that occursat a time (e.g., either for the primary cell or for one of the secondarycells), dedicated coresets for the BFR procedure of each cell (e.g., theprimary cell and the secondary cell) may not be configured. For theenhanced BFR procedures described herein, the base station may configureone dedicated coreset and monitor this dedicated coreset for the BFRprocedure of each cell (e.g., the primary cell and the secondary cell).As discussed below concerning FIG. 29, the wireless device may monitordownlink coreset-1 and coreset-2 on a primary cell for uplink/downlinktransmissions. The wireless device may also monitor downlink coreset-3,coreset-4 and coreset-5 on a secondary cell for uplink/downlinktransmissions. Additionally, the wireless device may monitor a downlinkcoreset on the primary cell for both the BFR procedure of the primarycell and the BFR procedure of the secondary cell.

FIG. 29 shows examples of monitoring one or more coresets for a primarycell and a secondary cell. A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device2901) may monitor a first coreset configured on the primary cell (e.g.,the primary cell 2905) for a BFR procedure of the primary cell, forexample, monitoring for the downlink control resource set 1 or thedownlink control resource set 2. The wireless device may also monitor asecond coreset configured on the secondary cell (e.g., the secondarycell 2903) for a BFR procedure of the secondary cell, for example,monitoring for the downlink control resource set 3 or the downlinkcontrol resource set 4. In view of the enhanced BFR procedures describedabove concerning at least FIGS. 27 and 28, the base station mayconfigure one dedicated coreset and monitor this dedicated coreset forthe BFR procedure of the primary cell 2905 and the secondary cell 2903.Accordingly, the wireless device (e.g., wireless device 2901) may reusea dedicated coreset configured on the primary cell (e.g., primary cell2905) for a BFR procedure of the secondary cell (e.g., secondary cell2903). Notwithstanding whether the primary cell and the secondary cellshare the same coresets or have different coresets, the wireless devicemay monitor the primary cell for the BFR procedure of the secondarycell.

The base station may monitor the dedicated coreset, for example, if theprimary cell has a BFR procedure, and the base station may also monitorthe dedicated coreset, for example, if a secondary cell has a BFRprocedure. These enhanced BFR procedures may save resource overhead, forexample, because the base station may not need to configure a separatecoreset for each cell (e.g., the primary cell and the secondary cell),which may consume additional resources. Rather the base station monitorsthe same dedicated coreset for the BFR procedure of the primary cell andthe secondary cell. In some systems, the base station may configure aseparate coreset for each cell. In these systems, the wireless devicemay be configured with at most three coresets (per BWP). Accordingly, ifone of those three coresets is configured as a dedicated coreset for aBFR procedure in each cell, this would only leave up to two coresetsavailable for uplink and downlink transmission, thereby reducing thescheduling diversity of the base station.

The wireless device may receive, from a base station, one or moremessages comprising one or more configuration parameters of a primarycell and a secondary cell. The one or more configuration parameters maycomprise a first preamble for a first beam failure recovery (BFR)procedure of the primary cell. The one or more configuration parameters(e.g., first BFR-PRACH resources) may be associated with one or morefirst RSs of the primary cell. The one or more configuration parametersmay also comprise a second preamble for a second BFR procedure of thesecondary cell. The one or more configuration parameters (e.g., secondBFR-PRACH resources) may be associated with one or more second RSs ofthe secondary cell. The first preamble may be different than the secondpreamble. The one or more configuration parameters may further comprisea time and frequency resource on the primary cell for both the first BFRprocedure and the second BFR procedure.

The one or more configuration parameters (e.g., one or more first BFRQresources) on the primary cell may be different from the one or moreconfiguration parameters (e.g., one or more second BFRQ resources) onthe primary cell, for example, the first BFRQ resources and the secondBFRQ resources may be orthogonal. Various multiplexing methods may beused for the one or more first BFRQ resources and the one or more secondBFRQ resources, for example, time division multiplexing (TDM), frequencydivision multiplexing (FDM), code division multiplexing (CDM), and/orany combination thereof. In the TDM, a first time resource of the one ormore first BFRQ resources may be different from a second time resourceof the one or more second BFRQ resources. The one or more first BFRQresources (e.g., BFR-PRACH resources) and the one or more second BFRQresources (e.g., BFR-PRACH resources) may be located in a different timeinstance, for example, a different symbol or a different slot. In theFDM, a first frequency resource of the one or more first BFRQ resources(e.g., BFR-PRACH resources) may be different from a second frequencyresource of the one or more second BFRQ resources (e.g., BFR-PRACHresources). The one or more first BFR-PRACH resources and the one ormore second BFR-PRACH resources may be located in a differentsubcarrier, a different RB, or a different subband. In the CDM, a firstpreamble of the one or more first BFRQ resources may be different from asecond preamble of the one or more second BFRQ resources. The one ormore first BFRQ resources (e.g., BFR-PRACH resources) may differentiatefrom the one or more second BFRQ resources (e.g., BFR-PRACH resources)based on preamble sequences. The one or more first BFR-PRACH resourcesand the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources may be assigned differentpreamble sequences. The one or more first BFRQ resources on the primarycell may differentiate from the one or more second BFRQ resources on theprimary cell based on a time opportunity, a frequency index, a cyclicshift, or a combination thereof.

The wireless device may transmit the first preamble via thetime-frequency resource on the primary cell. The wireless device mayperform the first BFR procedure by transmitting the first preamble viathe time-frequency resource on the primary cell, for example, after orin response to detecting a first beam failure on the primary cell. Thewireless device may transmit the second preamble via the time-frequencyresource on the primary cell. A wireless device may send (e.g.,transmit) the second preamble via the PRACH resource (e.g., the BFRQresource) on the primary cell. The wireless device may perform thesecond BFR procedure by transmitting the second preamble via thetime-frequency resource on the primary cell, for example, after or inresponse to detecting a second beam failure on the secondary cell. Thewireless device may initiate a second BFRQ transmission, for example,after or in response to identifying a first RS of a secondary cell in acandidate beam identification procedure. The wireless device may selecta BFRQ resource (e.g., the BFR-PRACH-2 resource) on a primary cell forthe second BFRQ transmission.

A base station may send (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device, one ormore messages comprising configuration parameters of a beam failurerecovery (BFR) procedure. A base station, for the BFR procedure, mayconfigure one or more first BFRQ resources (e.g., a BFR-PRACH, aBFR-PUCCH) for a first BFR procedure of a primary cell. The base stationmay configure one or more second BFRQ resources for a second BFRprocedure of a secondary cell. The one or more first BFRQ resources andthe one or more second BFRQ resources may be on the primary cell. Thebase station may send (e.g., transmit), to a wireless device, one ormore messages indicating a first association between each of one or moreRSs (e.g., a CSI-RS, SS blocks) of the primary cell 3005 and each of theone or more first BFRQ resources on the primary cell. The base stationmay monitor one or more first BFRQ resources (e.g., BFR-PRACH resources)and one or more second BFRQ resources (e.g., BFR-PRACH resources). Thebase station may allocate a first set of sequences (e.g., preamblesequences) for the one or more first BFR-PRACH resources. The basestation may allocate a second set of sequences (e.g., preamblesequences) for the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources. The basestation may determine a cell identity associated with a beam failureand/or a first RS associated with a candidate beam, for example, afteror in response to receiving one or more first BFRQ resources (e.g., apreamble on a particular time opportunity and frequency index).

A base station may configure (e.g., in some systems) the wireless devicewith a set of candidate RSs. The wireless device may measure the set ofcandidate RSs and selects a candidate RS among the set of candidate RSs,for example, if the wireless device detects a beam failure for a primarycell. Each candidate RS of the set of candidate RSs may be associatedwith a preamble and a time-frequency resource, for example, a firstcandidate RS may configured/associated with a first preamble, and afirst time and a first frequency resource. The base station maydetermine that the wireless device has a beam failure for the primarycell and the wireless device may select the first candidate RS for theBFR procedure, for example, if the base station receives the firstpreamble via the first time and first frequency resource. Each resourceof each candidate RS of the set of candidate RSs may be orthogonal(e.g., via time, frequency, or preamble) to each other candidate RS suchthat the resource selection associated with a candidate RS may indicatethe selected candidate RS to the base station. The wireless device mayuse the uplink channels of the primary cell for the preambletransmission of the BFR procedure for the secondary cell, for example,if the secondary cell has no uplink channel such as in the first andsecond examples described above. The enhanced BFR procedures describedherein use improved methods of configuring the candidate RSs of thesecondary cell on the primary cell, which may be applicable where theuplink channels of the primary cell are used for the preambletransmission for the BFR procedure of a secondary cell.

As described in more detail below, FIG. 30 describes the overallsecondary cell BFR procedure where the uplink channels of the primarycell are used for the preamble transmission for the BFR procedure. FIG.30 shows an example diagram for beam failure recovery procedures or asecondary cell. As shown in FIG. 30, a base station sends (e.g.,transmits) to a wireless device (e.g., a wireless device 3001), one ormore messages comprising a first set of RS resource configurations for asecond cell (e.g., a second cell 3003). The first set of RS resourceconfigurations may comprise one or more first RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS or SSblocks) of the second cell 3003, for example, the Second RS 1 and theSecond RS 2 shown in FIG. 30. The one or more messages may furthercomprise a second set of RS resource configurations comprising one ormore second RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS or SS blocks) of the second cell 3003,for example, the First RS 1 and the First RS 2 shown in FIG. 30. Thewireless device 3001 may measure radio link quality of one or more beamsassociated with the one or more first RSs and/or the one or more secondRSs. The one or more messages may further comprise one or more BFRQresources (e.g. the BFRQ resource shown in FIG. 22) on a first cell(e.g., a first cell 3005). The one or more messages may further comprisean association between each of the one or more second RSs and each ofthe one or more BFRQ resources, for example, an association between theFirst RS 1 and the BFRQ resource shown in FIG. 30.

As shown in FIG. 30, a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001)may assess (or compare) a first radio link quality (e.g., a BLER, aL1-RSRP) of the one or more first RSs against a first threshold. Thefirst threshold (e.g., a BLER, a L1-RSRP) may be a first value providedby a higher layer parameter (e.g., a RRC, a MAC). The wireless device3001 may monitor a PDCCH of the second cell 3003. A RS (e.g., a DM-RS)of the PDCCH may be associated with the one or more first RSs (e.g.,QCLed with the one or more first RSs).

A base station may send (e.g., transmit) one or more messages comprisingconfiguration parameters of a beam failure recovery procedure, forexample, the RRC configuration for BFR procedure shown in FIG. 30. Asshown in FIG. 30, a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) maydetect a beam failure on the second cell (e.g., the SCell 3003), forexample, if the first radio link quality of the one or more first RSsmeets certain criteria. A beam failure may occur, for example, if a RSRPor a SINR of the one or more first RSs is lower than the firstthreshold. Additionally, or alternatively, a beam failure may occur, forexample, if the BLER is higher than a threshold. This wireless devicemay receive, from the base station, one or more configuration parametersindicating a value for the threshold. The wireless device may measure ablock error rate (BLER) of one or more downlink control channels. Thewireless device may compare a quality of the one or more downlinkcontrol channels (e.g., associated with one or more first RSs) with thethreshold, for example, the wireless device may measure the BLER of oneor more downlink control channels and compare the measurement with thethreshold for the beam failure detection. The wireless device mayincrement a beam failure counter, for example, if the BLER of a downlinkcontrol is higher than the threshold. The assessment may be performedfor a consecutive number of times. The number of consecutiveperformances of the assessment may be determined by a higher layerparameter (e.g., a RRC, a MAC).

The wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may initiate acandidate beam identification procedure on the second cell 3003, forexample, after or in response to detecting the beam failure on thesecond cell. For the candidate beam identification procedure, thewireless device 3001 may identify a first RS (e.g., the First RS 1 shownin FIG. 30) among the one or more second RSs. The first RS may beassociated with a BFRQ resource (e.g., the BFRQ resource shown in FIG.22) of the one or more BFRQ resources on the first cell 3005. The BFRQresource may comprise a preamble and a PRACH resource, for example, atime resource and/or a frequency resource. A second radio link quality(e.g., a BLER, a L1-RSRP) of the first RS may be better than a secondthreshold, for example, the second radio link equality of the first RShave a lower BLER, a higher L1-RSRP, or a higher SINR than the secondthreshold. The second threshold may comprise a second value provided bythe higher layer parameter (e.g., a RRC, a MAC).

The wireless device 3001, may send (e.g., transmit), in a first slot,the preamble via the PRACH resource (e.g., the BFRQ resource) on thefirst cell (e.g., the PCell 3005) for a BFR procedure of the second cell3003, for example, after or in response to detecting the beam failure onthe second cell and identifying the first RS of the second cell. Thewireless device 3001 may start, from a second slot, monitoring, within aresponse window, a first PDCCH in one or more first coresets on thefirst cell 3005 for a DCI (e.g., the BFRQ response shown in FIG. 30),for example, after or in response to sending (e.g., transmitting) thepreamble in the first slot. The DCI may be configured with a cyclicredundancy check (CRC) scrambled by a C-RNTI.

The BFR procedure may be successfully completed, for example, after orin response to receiving, within the configured response window, adownlink assignment or an uplink grant on the first PDCCH of the firstcell 3005 in one or more first coresets on the first cell. The downlinkassignment or the uplink grant may be received at the wireless device3001 as indicated by the BFRQ response shown in FIG. 30. The downlinkassignment or the uplink grant may be addressed to the C-RNTI.

A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may monitor a firstPDCCH of a first cell (e.g., the first cell 3005), for example, in amultiple beam example with multiple cells configured. A first RS (e.g.,a DM-RS) of the first PDCCH may be associated with one or more RSs ofthe first cell 3005 (e.g., QCLed with one or more RSs of the firstcell). The wireless device 3001 may monitor a second PDCCH of a secondcell (e.g., the second cell 3003). A second RS (e.g., a DM-RS) of thesecond PDCCH may be associated with one or more RSs of the second cell3003 (e.g., QCLed with one or more RSs of the second cell).

A base station may configure one or more first BFRQ resources (e.g., aBFR-PRACH, a BFR-PUCCH) for a first BFR procedure of a first cell (e.g.,the first cell 3005), for example, during a BFR procedure. Additionally,or alternatively, the base station may configure one or more second BFRQresources for a second BFR procedure of a second cell (e.g., the secondcell 3003). The one or more first BFRQ resources and the one or moresecond BFRQ resources may be on the first cell 3005. The base stationmay send (e.g., transmit) to a wireless device (e.g., the wirelessdevice 3001) one or more messages indicating a first association betweeneach of one or more third RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS, SS blocks) of the firstcell 3005 and each of the one or more first BFRQ resources on the firstcell 3005. The one or more messages may further indicate an associationbetween each of one or more fourth RSs of the second cell 3003 and eachof the one or more second BFRQ resources on the first cell 3005.

A first RS of a second cell (e.g., the second cell 3003), such as afirst RS of the second cell determined in a candidate beamidentification procedure, may be associated with a second BFRQ resourceof the one or more second BFRQ resources on the first cell 3005. Thesecond BFRQ resource may comprise a preamble and a PRACH resource (e.g.,a time resource and/or a frequency resource) determined by a higherlayer parameter (e.g., a RRC). A wireless device (e.g., the wirelessdevice 3001) may send (e.g., transmit) the preamble via the PRACHresource on the first cell 3005 for a BFRQ transmission.

The one or more first BFRQ resources on the first cell 3005 and the oneor more second BFRQ resources on the first cell 3005 may be orthogonal.Multiplexing methods between the one or more first BFRQ resources andthe one or more second BFRQ resources may comprise time divisionmultiplexing (TDM), frequency division multiplexing (FDM), code divisionmultiplexing (CDM), and/or any combination of the TDM, the FDM and/orthe CDM. In the TDM, a first time resource of the one or more first BFRQresources may be different from a second time resource of the one ormore second BFRQ resources. In the FDM, a first frequency resource ofthe one or more first BFRQ resources may be different from a secondfrequency resource of the one or more second BFRQ resources. In the CDM,a first preamble of the one or more first BFRQ resources may bedifferent from a second preamble of the one or more second BFRQresources. The one or more first BFRQ resources on the first cell 3005may differentiate from the one or more second BFRQ resources on thefirst cell 3005 based on a time opportunity, a frequency index, a cyclicshift, or a combination thereof, to provide flexibility in schedulingfor the base station.

The enhanced BFR procedures described herein use an association betweena candidate RS of a secondary cell and the time, frequency, and preambleresources on a primary cell. As described below regarding FIG. 31, thefirst resources for the candidate RSs of the primary cell and the secondresources for the candidate RSs of the second cell may be frequencydivision multiplexed (FDM-ed). For example, a first candidate RS of theprimary cell may be associated with a first preamble, a first timeresource, and a first frequency resource on the primary cell.Additionally, a second candidate RS of the secondary cell may beassociated with the first preamble, the first time resource, and asecond frequency resource on the primary cell. Accordingly, the firstcandidate RS and the second candidate RS may use the same first preambleand the same time resource, but may use orthogonal frequency resources(e.g., the first frequency resource and the second frequency resource)such that the base station may distinguish the first candidate RS andthe second candidate RS. In high frequencies (e.g., 24 GHz, 50 GHz, 77GHz, etc), which may be used for NR or any other generation of mobilecommunication networks, there are a plurality of available frequencybands. Configuring the wireless device with FDM-ed resources may bebeneficial in high frequencies as there may be a greater abundance ofavailable (e.g., not used) frequencies, which may be used formultiplexing the primary cell and secondary cell resources. Configuringthe wireless device with FDM-ed resources may be beneficial given thatpreambles may be a scarcely available resource and using orthogonal timeresources may lead to delay of the secondary cell BFR procedure, forexample, the secondary cell may need to wait until its time resourcesare utilized over time if the secondary cell has a BFR procedure.

FIG. 31 shows an example of frequency division multiplexing (FDM)resources for candidate RSs of the primary cell and the secondary cell.A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may use one or morefirst BFR-PRACH resources to send (e.g., transmit) a first BFRQtransmission of a first cell (e.g., the first cell 3105). Additionally,or alternatively, a wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) mayuse one or more second BFR-PRACH resources to send (e.g., transmit) asecond BFRQ transmission of a second cell 3103. Each of the one or morefirst BFR-PRACH resources (e.g., the BFR-PRACH-1 shown in FIG. 31) maybe associated with one or more first RSs (e.g., a CSI-RSs, SS blocks) ofthe first cell 3105. Each of the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources(e.g., the BFR-PRACH-2 shown in FIG. 31) may be associated with one ormore second RSs (e.g., a CSI-RSs, SS blocks) of the second cell 3103.The one or more first BFR-PRACH resources may differentiate from the oneor more second BFRQ resources based on frequency (e.g., the FDM). Theone or more first BFR-PRACH resources and the one or more secondBFR-PRACH resources may be located in a different subcarrier, adifferent RB, or a different subband. The one or more first BFR-PRACHresources and the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources may be locatedin a same time instance, a same symbol, or a same slot. Additionally, oralternatively, the one or more first BFR-PRACH resources and the one ormore second BFR-PRACH resources may use the same preambles.Differentiating the one or more first BFR-PRACH resources and the one ormore second BFR-PRACH resources by frequency may be useful in a flatfading channel. The flat fading channel may occur, for example, if acoherence bandwidth of a channel is larger than a bandwidth of a signal.Frequency components of the signal may experience a same magnitude offading.

Each of the one or more first BFR-PRACH resources or the one or moresecond BFR-PRACH resources may provide an opportunity in a time, afrequency and/or a sequence domain for a wireless device (e.g., thewireless device 3001) to send (e.g., transmit) a preamble for a firstBFRQ transmission (or a second BFRQ transmission) of a first cell (e.g.,the first cell 3105) or a second cell (e.g., the second cell 3103). Asshown in FIG. 31, the one or more BFR-PRACH resources in an n-th timeopportunity, (e.g., “T_(n)”, where n=1, 2, 3, etc.), may span differentfrequency indexes (e.g., “F_(k)”, where k=1, 2, etc.), and may hold abeam correspondence relationship with one or more first RSs (e.g., theFirst RS 1, the First RS 2, the First RS 3) of the first cell 3105 andone or more second RSs (e.g., the Second RS 1, the Second RS 2, theSecond RS 3) of the second cell 3103. As shown in FIG. 31, the First RS1 of the first cell 3105 may be associated with the BFR-PRACH-1comprising a preamble P₁, a time opportunity T₁, and a first frequencyindex F₁. The Second RS 1 of the second cell 3103 may be associated withthe BFR-PRACH-2 comprising the preamble P₁, the time opportunity T₁, anda second frequency index F₂.

A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may trigger a secondBFRQ transmission, for example, after or in response to identifying afirst RS (e.g., the Second RS 2 shown in FIG. 31) of a second cell(e.g., the second cell 3103) in a candidate beam identificationprocedure. The wireless device 3001 may select the BFR-PRACH-2 resourceon a first cell (e.g., the first cell 3105) for the second BFRQtransmission. The BFR-PRACH-2 resource may comprise a preamble P₁, atime opportunity T₂ and a frequency index F₂. The wireless device 3001may send (e.g., transmit) the preamble P₁ on the time opportunity T₂ andthe frequency index F₂. A base station may monitor one or more firstBFR-PRACH resources and one or more second BFR-PRACH resources. The basestation may infer (or determine) a cell identity associated with a beamfailure and the first RS associated with a candidate beam. Referring tothe example in FIG. 31, the base station may determine a cell identityassociated with a beam failure (e.g., the identity of the second cell3103), and the first RS associated with a candidate beam (e.g. theSecond RS 2), for example, after or in response to receiving thepreamble P₁ on the time opportunity T₂ and the frequency index F₂.

As described below regarding FIG. 32, the first resources for thecandidate RSs of the primary cell and the second resources for thecandidate RSs of the secondary cell may be time division multiplexed(TDM-ed). For example, a first candidate RS of the primary cell may beassociated with a first preamble, a time resource, and a frequencyresource on the primary cell. Additionally, a second candidate RS of thesecondary cell may be associated with the first preamble, a second timeresource, and the first frequency resource on the primary cell.Accordingly, the first candidate RS and the second candidate RS may usethe same first preamble and the same frequency resource, but may useorthogonal time resources (e.g., the first time resource and the secondtime resource) such that the base station may distinguish the firstcandidate RS and the second candidate RS. In low frequencies (e.g., 2.4GHz, 5 GHz, 6 GHz, etc.), as compared to higher frequencies, the numberof available frequency bands may be scarcer, for example, the bandwidthof the wireless device may be small, such as 20 MHz in the LTE mobilecommunication standard. Moreover, configuring the wireless device withTDM-ed resources may be beneficial given that given that preambles maybe a scarcely available resource. The wireless device may accommodate alatency in BFR procedure of a secondary cell, for example, if the BFRprocedure of the secondary cell may not be as urgent as the BFRprocedure of the primary cell. As such, configuring the wireless devicewith TDM-ed resources may be beneficial to and provide efficiencies forthe enhanced BFR procedures discussed below.

FIG. 32 shows examples of time division multiplexing (TDM) resources forcandidate RSs of the primary cell and the secondary cell. A wirelessdevice (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may use one or more firstBFR-PRACH resources to send (e.g., transmit) a first BFRQ transmissionof a first cell (e.g., the first cell 3105) and one or more secondBFR-PRACH resources to send (e.g., transmit) a second BFRQ transmissionof a second cell (e.g., the second cell 3103). Each of the one or morefirst BFR-PRACH resources (e.g., the BFR-PRACH-1 shown in FIG. 32) maybe associated with one or more first RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS, SS blocks) ofthe first cell 3105. Each of the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources(e.g., the BFR-PRACH-2 shown in FIG. 32) may be associated with one ormore second RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS, SS blocks) of the second cell 3103. Theone or more first BFR-PRACH resources may differentiate from the one ormore second BFRQ resources based on time (e.g., the TDM). The one ormore first BFR-PRACH resources and the one or more second BFR-PRACHresources may be located in a different time instance, for example, adifferent symbol or a different slot. The one or more first BFR-PRACHresources and the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources may be locatedin a same subcarrier, a same RB, or a same subband. Additionally, oralternatively, the one or more first BFR-PRACH resources and the one ormore second BFR-PRACH resources may use the same preambles.Differentiating the one or more first BFR-PRACH resources and the one ormore second BFR-PRACH resources by time may be useful in a slow fadingchannel. The slow fading channel may occur, for example, if a coherencetime of a channel is large relative to a delay requirement of anapplication, for example, more than two symbols or more than a timeslot. An amplitude and a phase change imposed by the channel may beconstant over a period of use. In the slow fading channel, variations ofthe channel may be slow so that that the base station may track thechannel of the wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001).

Each of the one or more first BFR-PRACH resources (or second BFR-PRACHresources) may provide an opportunity in a time domain, a frequencydomain, and/or a sequence domain for a wireless device (e.g., wirelessdevice 3001) to send (e.g., transmit) a preamble for a first BFRQtransmission (or a second BFRQ transmission) of a first cell (e.g., thefirst cell 3105) or a second cell (e.g., the second cell 3103). As shownin FIG. 32, the one or more BFR-PRACH resources in the n-th timeopportunity, (e.g., “T_(n)”, where n=1, 2, . . . 6, etc.) may hold abeam correspondence relationship with one or more first RSs (e.g., theFirst RS 1, the First RS 2, the First RS 3) of the first cell (e.g., thefirst cell 3105) and one or more second RSs (e.g., the Second RS 1, theSecond RS 2, the Second RS 3) of the second cell (e.g., the second cell3103). As shown in FIG. 32, the First RS 1 of the first cell 3105 may beassociated with the BFR-PRACH-1 comprising a preamble P₁, a first timeopportunity T₁, and a frequency index F₁. The Second RS 1 of the secondcell 3103 may be associated with the BFR-PRACH-2 comprising the preambleP₁, a second time opportunity T₂, and the frequency index F₁.

A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may trigger a secondBFRQ transmission, for example, after or in response to identifying afirst RS (e.g., the Second RS 2 shown in FIG. 32) of a second cell(e.g., the second cell 3103) in a candidate beam identificationprocedure. The wireless device 3001 may select the BFR-PRACH-2 resourceon a first cell (e.g., the first cell 3105) for the second BFRQtransmission. The BFR-PRACH-2 resource may comprise a preamble P₁, atime opportunity T₄, and a frequency index F₁. The wireless device 3001may send (e.g., transmit) the preamble P₁ on the time opportunity T₄ andthe frequency index F₁. A base station may monitor one or more firstBFR-PRACH resources and one or more second BFR-PRACH resources. The basestation may infer (or determine) a cell identity associated with a beamfailure and the first RS associated with a candidate beam. Referring tothe example in FIG. 32, the base station may determine a cell identityassociated with a beam failure (e.g., the second cell 3103) and thefirst associated with a candidate beam RS (e.g. the Second RS 2), forexample, after or in response to receiving the preamble P₁ on the timeopportunity T₄ and the frequency index F₁.

As described below regarding FIG. 33, the first resources for thecandidate RSs of the primary cell and the second resources for thecandidate RSs of the secondary cell are code division multiplexed(CDM-ed). For example, a first candidate RS of the primary cell may beassociated with a first preamble, a first time resource, and a firstfrequency resource on the primary cell. Additionally, a second candidateRS of the secondary cell may be associated with a second preamble, thefirst time resource, and the first frequency resource on the primarycell. Accordingly, the first candidate RS and the second candidate RSmay use the same time resource and the same frequency resource, but mayuse orthogonal preambles (e.g., the first preamble and the secondpreamble) such that the base station may distinguish the first candidateRS and the second candidate RS. Configuring the wireless device withCDM-ed resources may beneficial, for example, if the number of wirelessdevices and/or secondary cells is not high. Notably, in 5G systems, thewireless device may be configured with up to 32 secondary cells, whilethe number of wireless devices may be up to 100 devices. The basestation may assign orthogonal preambles for each wireless device of eachcell. As such, configuring the wireless device with CDM-ed resources mayalso be beneficial, for example, if the wireless device has limitedbandwidth on the primary cell and/or uses a fast BFR procedure.

FIG. 33 shows examples of code division multiplexing (CDM) resources forcandidate RSs of the primary cell and the secondary cell. A wirelessdevice (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may use one or more firstBFR-PRACH resources to send (e.g., transmit) a first BFRQ transmissionof a first cell (e.g., the first cell 3305) and one or more secondBFR-PRACH resources to send (e.g., transmit) a second BFRQ transmissionof a second cell (e.g., the second cell 3303). Each of the one or morefirst BFR-PRACH resources (e.g., the BFR-PRACH-1 shown in FIG. 33) maybe associated with one or more first RSs (e.g., a CSI-RS, SS blocks) ofthe first cell 3305. Each of the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources(e.g., the BFR-PRACH-2 shown in FIG. 33) may be associated with one ormore second RSs (e.g., a CSI-RSs, SS blocks) of the second cell 3303.The one or more first BFR-PRACH resources may differentiate from the oneor more second BFRQ resources based on preamble sequences (e.g., theCDM). The one or more first BFR-PRACH resources and the one or moresecond BFR-PRACH resources may be assigned different preamble sequences.The one or more first BFR-PRACH resources and the one or more secondBFR-PRACH resource may be located in a same subcarrier, a same RB, or asame subband. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more firstBFR-PRACH resources and the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources maybe located in the same time instance, for example, the same symbol, orthe same slot). Differentiating the one or more first BFR-PRACHresources and the one or more second BFR-PRACH resources based onpreamble sequences may be useful, for example, if there is a smallnumber of wireless devices and/or secondary cells associated with thefirst cell 3305, for example fewer than 64 wireless devices and/orsecondary cells. A base station may allocate a first set of sequences(e.g., preamble sequences) for the one or more first BFR-PRACHresources. The base station may allocate a second set of sequences(e.g., preamble sequences) for the one or more second BFR-PRACHresources. The first set of sequences and the second set of sequencesmay not overlap. This may provide a low PRACH collision probability, asproviding orthogonal preambles may lower the collision probability tozero.

Each of the one or more first BFR-PRACH resources (or second BFR-PRACHresources) may provide an opportunity in a time domain, a frequencydomain, and/or a sequence domain for a wireless device (e.g., wirelessdevice 3001) to send (e.g., transmit) a preamble for a first BFRQtransmission (or second BFRQ transmission) of a first cell (e.g., thefirst cell 3305) or a second cell (e.g., the second cell 3303). As shownin FIG. 33, the BFR-PRACH resources in the n-th time opportunity (e.g.,“T_(n)”, where n=1, 2, 3, etc.) spanning different preamble sequences(e.g., “P_(k)”, where k=1, 2, etc.) may hold a beam correspondencerelationship with one or more first RSs (e.g., the First RS 1, the FirstRS 2, the First RS 3) of the first cell 3305 and one or more second RSs(e.g., the Second RS 1, the Second RS 2, the Second RS 3) of the secondcell 3303. The First RS 1 of the first cell 3305 may be associated withthe BFR-PRACH-1 comprising a first preamble P2, a time opportunity T₁,and a frequency index F₁. The Second RS 1 of the second cell 3303 may beassociated with the BFR-PRACH-2 comprising a second preamble P₁, thetime opportunity T₁, and the frequency index F₁.

A wireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may trigger a secondBFRQ transmission, for example, after or in response to identifying afirst RS (e.g., the Second RS 2 shown in FIG. 33) of a second cell in acandidate beam identification procedure. The wireless device may selectthe BFR-PRACH-2 resource on a first cell (e.g., the first cell 3305) forthe second BFRQ transmission. The BFR-PRACH-2 resource may comprise apreamble P₁, a time opportunity T₂, and a frequency index F₁. Thewireless device may send (e.g., transmit) the preamble P₁ on the timeopportunity T₂ and the frequency index F₁. A base station may monitorone or more first BFR-PRACH resources and one or more second BFR-PRACHresources. The base station may infer (or determine) a cell identityassociated with a beam failure and the first RS associated with acandidate beam. Referring to the example shown in FIG. 33, the basestation may determine a cell identity associated with a beam failure(e.g., the second cell 3303) and the first RS associated with acandidate beam (e.g., the Second RS), for example, after or in responseto receiving the preamble P₁ on the time opportunity T₂ and thefrequency index F₁.

Allocating one or more time and/or frequency resources on a cell (e.g.,a primary cell) may increase the load on the Cell. A BFR procedure for asecondary cell may interrupt an uplink transmission on the primary cell,for example, as the wireless device uses the uplink channels (e.g., aPRACH) on the primary cell for the BFR procedure for the secondary cell.As shown in FIG. 34 and as described in more detail below, the enhancedbeam failure recovery procedures described herein may distribute theallocation of resources to multiple cells. A first BFR group maycomprise a primary cell, a first secondary cell-1 and a second secondarycell; and a second BFR group may comprise a third secondary cell, afourth secondary cell, and a fifth secondary cell. The BFR resources forthe primary cell, the first secondary cell, and the second secondarycell may be configured on the primary cell, and the BFR resources forthe third secondary cell, the fourth secondary cell, and the fifthsecondary cell may be configured on the third secondary cell. Bydistributing the allocation of resources to multiple cells, this mayreduce the load on the primary cell, as otherwise compared toconfiguring the BFR resource for each cell (e.g., the primary cell, thefirst secondary cell, the second secondary cell, the third secondarycell, the fourth secondary cell, and the fifth secondary cell) on theprimary cell, which would interrupt the operations on the primary celland also limit the resources available on the primary cell. Accordingly,distributing the allocation of resources to multiple cells would reducethe amount of interruption occurring on the primary cell. Moreover, ifone cell fails or is experience interruption issues, all other cellsconnected to the failing cell may also begin to fail. Thus, distributingthe allocation of resources to multiple cells would increase therobustness and reliability of the system.

FIG. 34 shows examples of distributing the allocation of beam failurerecovery request (BFRQ) resources to one or more cells. A plurality ofcells may be grouped into one or more cell groups. A cell group (e.g., aBFRQ) may comprise a first cell (e.g. a PCell, a PUCCH SCell, a PsCell)and one or more second cells, for example, one or more SCells. A basestation may configure multiple BFRQ resources (e.g., a BFR-PRACH) on thefirst cell. Each BFRQ resource of the multiple BFRQ resources may beassociated with each of the first cell and the one or more second cellsin the cell group. As shown in FIG. 34, the BFRQ-Group 1 may comprisethe First cell 1 and a plurality of Second cells (e.g., the Second Cell1-1, the Second Cell 1-2, . . . the Second Cell 1-K₁). The plurality ofSecond cells and the First cell 1 may be grouped to utilize one or moreBFRQ resources of the First cell 1. The one or more BFRQ resources ofthe First cell 1 may be orthogonal.

As shown in FIG. 34, a wireless device may trigger a BFRQ transmissionon the BFRQ Resources 2-2 of the First cell 2, for example, after or inresponse to detecting a beam failure on the Second cell 2-2 of the BFRQGroup 2. The BFRQ Resources 2-2 may be orthogonal (e.g., TDM, FDM, CDM)to other BFRQ resources of the First cell 2, for example, the BFRQResources 2-0, the BFRQ Resources 2-1, the BFRQ Resources 2-K₁, etc. ABFRQ resource of the BFRQ Resources 2-2 may be associated with a firstRS of the Second cell 2-2. The first RS may be determined in a candidatebeam identification procedure of the Second cell 2-2. The BFRQ resourcemay comprise a preamble, a time opportunity, and a frequency index. Thewireless device (e.g., the wireless device 3001) may send (e.g.,transmit) the preamble on the time opportunity and the frequency index.A base station may monitor the BFRQ resources of the First cell 2. Thebase station may infer (or determine) a cell identity associated with abeam failure and the first RS associated with a candidate beam. As shownin FIG. 34, the base station may infer determine a cell identityassociated with a beam failure (e.g., the Second cell 2-2) and determinethe first RS associated with a candidate beam, for example, after or inresponse to receiving the preamble on the time opportunity and thefrequency index.

A wireless device may receive from a base station one or more messagescomprising one or more configuration parameters of a first cell and asecond cell. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate afirst RS of the second cell, a plurality of second RSs of the secondcell, and/or a plurality of BRACH resources. Each of the BRACH resourcesmay be associated with each of the plurality of second RSs of the secondcell. Each of the BRACH resources may comprise a preamble and a PRACHresource of the first cell.

The wireless device may initiate a beam failure recovery procedure forthe second cell, for example, after or in response to detecting a beamfailure based on the first RS of the second cell. The wireless devicemay select a selected RS of the plurality of second RSs of the secondcell, for example, after or in response to initiating the beam failurerecovery procedure. The selected RS may be associated with a candidatebeam.

The wireless device may send (e.g., transmit), on the first cell, thepreamble via the PRACH resource of a BRACH resource of the plurality ofBRACH resources of the first cell. The BRACH resource may be associatedwith the selected RS of the second cell.

Hereinafter, various characteristics will be highlighted in a set ofnumbered clauses or paragraphs. These characteristics are not to beinterpreted as being limiting on the invention or inventive concept, butare provided merely as a highlighting of some characteristics asdescribed herein, without suggesting a particular order of importance orrelevancy of such characteristics.

Clause 1. A method comprising receiving, by a wireless device, one ormore messages comprising one or more configuration parameters of aprimary cell and a secondary cell.

Clause 2. The method of clause 1, wherein the one or more configurationparameters indicate a first preamble for a first beam failure recovery(BFR) procedure of the primary cell.

Clause 3. The method of any one of clauses 1-2, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate a second preamble for a second BFRprocedure of the secondary cell, wherein the first preamble is differentfrom the second preamble.

Clause 4. The method of any one of clauses 1-3, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate a time-frequency resource on theprimary cell associated with the first BFR procedure and the second BFRprocedure.

Clause 5. The method of any one of clauses 1-4, further comprisingsending, based on a first beam failure on the primary cell, the firstpreamble via the time-frequency resource on the primary cell to performthe first BFR procedure.

Clause 6. The method of any one of clauses 1-5, further comprisingsending, based on a second beam failure on the secondary cell, thesecond preamble via the time-frequency resource on the primary cell toperform the second BFR procedure.

Clause 7. The method of any one of clauses 1-6, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters further comprise one or more first referencesignals (RSs) of the secondary cell; one or more second RSs of thesecondary cell; or one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ)resources on the primary cell.

Clause 8. The method of any one of clauses 1-7, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters further comprise one or more of: a firstchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a firstsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 9. The method of any one of clauses 1-8, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters further comprise one or more of: a secondchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a secondsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 10. The method of any one of clauses 1-9, wherein the detectingthe second beam failure on the secondary cell further comprisesdetermining that one or more first reference signals (RSs) comprise aradio quality lower than a first threshold.

Clause 11. The method of any one of clauses 1-10, further comprisingdetecting, based on a block error rate (BLER), the second beam failureon the secondary cell.

Clause 12. The method of any one of clauses 1-11, wherein the sendingthe second preamble via the time-frequency resource further comprisesselecting a candidate reference signals (RS) from one or more second RSsof the secondary cell, wherein the selected candidate RS is associatedwith a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resource; and afterselecting the candidate RS, sending the second preamble.

Clause 13. The method of any one of clauses 1-12, wherein a candidatereference signals (RS) from one or more second RSs of the secondary cellcomprises a radio quality higher than a second threshold.

Clause 14. The method of any one of clauses 1-13, further comprisingdetermining, based on a layer-1 reference signal received power(L1-RSRP), the second threshold.

Clause 15. The method of any one of clauses 1-14, wherein thetime-frequency resource comprises one or more of: a time resource on theprimary cell; or a frequency resource on the primary cell.

Clause 16. The method of any one of clauses 1-15, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more thirdreference signals (RSs) of the primary cell; one or more fourth RSs ofthe primary cell; or one or more second beam failure recovery request(BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 17. The method of any one of clauses 1-16, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate an association betweeneach of the one or more fourth RSs and each of the one or more secondBFRQ resources.

Clause 18. The method of any one of clauses 1-17, wherein the detectingthe first beam failure on the primary cell further comprises determiningthat one or more third reference signals (RSs) comprise a radio qualitylower than a third threshold.

Clause 19. The method of any one of clauses 1-18, wherein the sendingthe first preamble via the time-frequency resource occurs afterselecting a second candidate RS in the one or more fourth RSs.

Clause 20. The method of any one of clauses 1-19, wherein the secondcandidate RS is associated with a second BFRQ resource of the one ormore second BFRQ resources.

Clause 21. The method of any one of clauses 1-20, wherein the secondBFRQ resource comprises the first preamble and the time-frequencyresource.

Clause 22. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 1-21.

Clause 23. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 1-21; and a second computingdevice configured to send the one or more messages.

Clause 24. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses1-21.

Clause 25. A method comprising receiving, by a wireless device, one ormore messages comprising one or more configuration parameters of aprimary cell and a secondary cell.

Clause 26. The method of clause 25, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate a first random access resourceparameter for a first beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure of theprimary cell.

Clause 27. The method of any one of clauses 25-26, wherein the firstrandom access resource parameter comprises a first parameter indicatinga first time-frequency resource on the primary cell.

Clause 28. The method of any one of clauses 25-27, wherein the firstrandom access resource parameter comprises a first index indicating afirst preamble.

Clause 29. The method of any one of clauses 25-28, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters indicate a second random access resourceparameter for a second BFR procedure of the secondary cell.

Clause 30. The method of any one of clauses 25-29, wherein the secondrandom access resource parameter comprises a second parameter indicatingthe first time-frequency resource.

Clause 31. The method of any one of clauses 25-30, wherein the secondrandom access resource parameter comprises a second index indicating asecond preamble that is different from the first preamble.

Clause 32. The method of any one of clauses 25-31, further comprisingsending the first preamble via the first time-frequency resource of theprimary cell to perform the first BFR procedure.

Clause 33. The method of any one of clauses 25-32, further comprisingsending the second preamble via the first time-frequency resource of theprimary cell to perform the second BFR procedure.

Clause 34. The method of any one of clauses 25-33, wherein sending thefirst preamble via the first time-frequency resource further comprisesdetecting a first beam failure on the primary cell; and sending, basedon the detecting the first beam failure, the first preamble.

Clause 35. The method of any one of clauses 25-34, wherein sending thesecond preamble via the first time-frequency resource further comprisesdetecting a second beam failure on the secondary cell; and sending,based on the detecting the second beam failure, the second preamble.

Clause 36. The method of any one of clauses 25-35, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more firstreference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell; one or more second RSs ofthe secondary cell; or one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ)resources on the primary cell.

Clause 37. The method of any one of clauses 25-36, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate an association betweeneach of one or more second reference signals (RSs) of the secondary celland each of one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resources.

Clause 38. The method of any one of clauses 25-37, wherein at least oneof one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resources comprisesthe second preamble and the first time-frequency resource.

Clause 39. The method of any one of clauses 25-38, wherein one or morefirst RSs of the secondary cell comprise one or more of: a first channelstate information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a first synchronizationsignal (SS) block.

Clause 40. The method of any one of clauses 25-39, wherein one or moresecond RSs of the secondary cell comprise one or more of: a secondchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a secondsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 41. The method of any one of clauses 25-40, wherein the detectingthe second beam failure on the secondary cell further comprisesdetermining that one or more first reference signals (RSs) comprise aradio quality lower than a first threshold.

Clause 42. The method of any one of clauses 25-41, further comprisingdetecting, based on a block error rate (BLER), the second beam failureon the secondary cell.

Clause 43. The method of any one of clauses 25-42, wherein the sendingthe second preamble via the second time-frequency resource furthercomprise selecting a candidate reference signals (RS) from one or moresecond RSs of the secondary cell, wherein the selected candidate RS isassociated with a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resource; andafter selecting the candidate RS, sending the second preamble.

Clause 44. The method of any one of clauses 25-43, wherein a BFRQresource on the primary cell comprises the second preamble and thesecond time-frequency resource.

Clause 45. The method of any one of clauses 25-44, wherein the secondtime-frequency resource comprises one or more of: a time resource on theprimary cell; or a frequency resource on the primary cell.

Clause 46. The method of any one of clauses 25-45, wherein a candidatereference signals (RS) from one or more second RSs of the secondary cellcomprises a radio quality higher than a second threshold.

Clause 47. The method of any one of clauses 25-46, further comprisingdetermining, based on a layer-1 reference signal received power(L1-RSRP), a second threshold.

Clause 48. The method of any one of clauses 25-47, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more thirdreference signals (RSs) of the primary cell; one or more fourth RSs ofthe primary cell; or one or more second beam failure recovery request(BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 49. The method of any one of clauses 25-48, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate an association betweeneach of the one or more fourth RSs and each of the one or more secondBFRQ resources.

Clause 50. The method of any one of clauses 25-49, wherein the detectingthe first beam failure on the primary cell further comprises determiningthat one or more third reference signals (RSs) comprise a radio qualitylower than a third threshold.

Clause 51. The method of any one of clauses 25-50, wherein the sendingthe first preamble via the time-frequency resource occurs afterselecting a second candidate RS in the one or more fourth RSs.

Clause 52. The method of any one of clauses 25-51, wherein the secondcandidate RS is associated with a second BFRQ resource of the one ormore second BFRQ resources.

Clause 53. The method of any one of clauses 25-52, wherein the secondBFRQ resource comprises the first preamble and the time-frequencyresource.

Clause 54. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 25-53.

Clause 55. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 25-53; and a second computingdevice configured to send the one or more messages.

Clause 56. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses25-53.

Clause 57. A method comprising receiving, by a wireless device, one ormore messages comprising one or more configuration parameters of aprimary cell and a secondary cell.

Clause 58. The method of clause 57, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate a first random access resource for afirst BFR procedure of the primary cell, the first random accessresource comprising a first time-frequency resource of the primary celland a first preamble.

Clause 59. The method of any one of clauses 57-58, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters indicate second random access resource fora second BFR procedure of the secondary cell, the second random accessresource comprising a second time-frequency resource of the primary celland a second preamble.

Clause 60. The method of any one of clauses 57-59, wherein the firstpreamble is different from the second preamble.

Clause 61. The method of any one of clauses 57-60, wherein the firsttime-frequency resource is the same as the second time-frequencyresource.

Clause 62. The method of any one of clauses 57-61, further comprisingsending, based on a first beam failure on the primary cell, the firstpreamble via the first time-frequency resource to perform the first BFRprocedure.

Clause 63. The method of any one of clauses 57-62, further comprisingsending, based on a second beam failure on the secondary cell, thesecond preamble via the second time-frequency resource to perform thesecond BFR procedure.

Clause 64. The method of any one of clauses 57-63, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate one or more referencesignals (RSs) of the secondary cell.

Clause 65. The method of any one of clauses 57-64, wherein thedetermining the second beam failure on the secondary cell furthercomprises determining, based on a block error rate (BLER), a firstthreshold; and determining that the one or more RSs of the secondarycell comprise a radio quality lower than the first threshold.

Clause 66. The method of any one of clauses 57-65, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate an association betweeneach of one or more second RSs of the secondary cell and each of beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 67. The method of any one of clauses 57-66, wherein one or morefirst RSs of the secondary cell comprise one or more of: a first channelstate information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a first synchronizationsignal (SS) block.

Clause 68. The method of any one of clauses 57-67, wherein one or moresecond RSs of the secondary cell comprise one or more of: a secondchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a secondsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 69. The method of any one of clauses 57-68, wherein the sendingthe second preamble via the second time-frequency resource occurs afterselecting a candidate RS from the one or more second RSs.

Clause 70. The method of any one of clauses 57-69, wherein a candidatereference signals (RS) from one or more second RSs of the secondary cellis associated with a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resource ofone or more BFRQ resources on the primary cell.

Clause 71. The method of any one of clauses 57-70, wherein a candidatereference signals (RS) from one or more second RSs of the secondary cellcomprises a radio quality higher than a second threshold.

Clause 72. The method of any one of clauses 57-71, further comprisingdetermining, based on a layer-1 reference signal received power(L1-RSRP), the second threshold.

Clause 73. The method of any one of clauses 57-72, wherein a beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resource on the primary cell comprisesthe second preamble and the second time-frequency resource.

Clause 74. The method of any one of clauses 57-73, wherein the secondtime-frequency resource comprises one or more of: a time resource on theprimary cell; or a frequency resource on the primary cell.

Clause 75. The method of any one of clauses 57-74, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more thirdreference signals (RSs) of the primary cell; one or more fourthreference signals (RSs) of the primary cell; or one or more second beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 76. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 57-75.

Clause 77. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 57-75; and a second computingdevice configured to send the one or more messages.

Clause 78. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses57-75.

Clause 79. A method comprising receiving, by a wireless device, one ormore messages comprising one or more configuration parameters of aprimary cell and a secondary cell.

Clause 80. The method of clause 79, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate one or more first reference signals(RSs) of the secondary cell.

Clause 81. The method of any one of clauses 79-80, further comprisinginitiating, based on a beam failure of the secondary cell, a randomaccess procedure on the primary cell.

Clause 82. The method of any one of clauses 79-81, further comprisingsending, via at least a first random access channel resource of theprimary cell, a first preamble for the random access procedure.

Clause 83. The method of any one of clauses 79-82, further comprisingdeactivating the secondary cell during the random access procedure.

Clause 84. The method of any one of clauses 79-83, further comprisingbased on the deactivating the secondary cell, aborting the random accessprocedure on the primary cell.

Clause 85. The method of any one of clauses 79-84, wherein the abortingthe random access comprises stropping the sending the first preamble.

Clause 86. The method of any one of clauses 79-85, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more second RSsof the secondary cell; and one or more beam failure recovery request(BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 87. The method of any one of clauses 79-86, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further comprise an association betweeneach of one or more second RSs and each of one or more beam failurerecovery request (BFRQ) resources.

Clause 88. The method of any one of clauses 79-87, wherein the one ormore first RSs comprise one or more of: a first channel stateinformation reference signal (CSI-RS); or a first synchronization signal(SS) block.

Clause 89. The method of any one of clauses 79-88, wherein one or moresecond RSs of the secondary cell comprise one or more of: a secondchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a secondsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 90. The method of any one of clauses 79-89, wherein the detectingthe beam failure further comprises determining that the one or morefirst RSs comprise a radio quality lower than a first threshold.

Clause 91. The method of any one of clauses 79-90, further comprisingdetecting, based on a block error rate (BLER), the beam failure of thesecondary cell.

Clause 92. The method of any one of clauses 79-91, wherein theinitiating the random access procedure further comprises selecting acandidate RS from the one or more second RSs of the secondary cell,wherein the candidate RS is associated with a beam failure recoveryrequest (BFRQ) resource of one or more BRFQ resources on the primarycell.

Clause 93. The method of any one of clauses 79-92, wherein the BFRQresource comprises the first preamble and the first random accesschannel resource.

Clause 94. The method of any one of clauses 79-93, wherein the firstrandom access channel resource comprises one or more of: a time resourceon the primary cell; or a frequency resource on the primary cell.

Clause 95. The method of any one of clauses 79-94, wherein a candidatereference signal (RS) of the secondary cell comprises a radio qualityhigher than a second threshold.

Clause 96. The method of clause 95, further comprising determining,based on a layer-1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP), the secondthreshold.

Clause 97. The method of any one of clauses 79-96, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate a deactivation timer ofthe secondary cell.

Clause 98. The method of any one of clauses 79-97, further comprisingreceiving a first medium access control (MAC) control element (CE); andactivating, based on the receiving the first MAC CE, the secondsecondary cell.

Clause 99. The method of clause 98, wherein the deactivating the secondsecondary cell further comprises: receiving a second medium accesscontrol (MAC) control element (CE); and deactivating, based on thereceiving the second MAC CE, the second secondary cell.

Clause 100. The method of any one of clauses 79-99, further comprisingreceiving a first medium access control (MAC) control element (CE); andstarting, based on the receiving the first MAC CE, a deactivation timerof the second secondary cell.

Clause 101. The method of any one of clauses 79-100, further comprisingreceiving a second medium access control (MAC) control element (CE);determining an expiry of a deactivation timer of the secondary cell; anddeactivating, based on the determining the expiry of the deactivationtimer, the deactivation timer of the second secondary cell.

Clause 102. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 79-101.

Clause 103. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 79-101; and a second computingdevice configured to send the one or more messages.

Clause 104. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses79-101.

Clause 105. A method comprising receiving, by a wireless device, one ormore messages comprising one or more configuration parameters of a firstsecondary cell and a second secondary cell.

Clause 106. The method of clause 105, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate one or more first reference signals(RSs) of the second secondary cell.

Clause 107. The method of any one of clauses 105-106, further comprisinginitiating, based on a beam failure of the secondary cell, a randomaccess procedure on the first secondary cell.

Clause 108. The method of any one of clauses 105-107, further comprisingsending, via at least a first random access channel resource of thefirst secondary cell, a first preamble for the random access procedure.

Clause 109. The method of any one of clauses 105-108, further comprisingdeactivating the second secondary cell during the random accessprocedure.

Clause 110. The method of any one of clauses 105-109, further comprisingbased on the deactivating the second secondary cell, aborting the randomaccess procedure on the first secondary cell.

Clause 111. The method of any one of clauses 105-110, wherein theaborting the random access procedure further comprises stopping thesending the first preamble on the first secondary cell.

Clause 112. The method of any one of clauses 105-111, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more second RSsof the second secondary cell; and one or more beam failure recoveryrequest (BFRQ) resources on the first secondary cell.

Clause 113. The method of any one of clauses 105-112, wherein the one ormore first RSs comprise one or more of: a first channel stateinformation reference signal (CSI-RS); or a first synchronization signal(SS) block.

Clause 114. The method of any one of clauses 105-113, wherein one ormore second reference signals (RSs) comprise one or more of: a secondchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a secondsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 115. The method of any one of clauses 105-114, wherein thedetecting the beam failure further comprises determining that the one ormore first RSs comprise a radio quality lower than a first threshold.

Clause 116. The method of any one of clauses 105-115, further comprisingdetecting, based on a block error rate (BLER), the beam failure of thesecond secondary cell.

Clause 117. The method of any one of clauses 105-116, wherein theinitiating the random access procedure further comprises determining,based on a layer-1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP), a secondthreshold; and selecting a candidate RS from one or more second RSs ofthe second secondary cell, wherein the candidate RS has a radio qualityhigher than the second threshold.

Clause 118. The method of any one of clauses 105-117, wherein theinitiating the random access procedure further comprises selecting acandidate RS from the one or more second RSs of the second secondarycell, wherein the candidate RS is associated with a beam failurerecovery request (BFRQ) resource of one or more BRFQ resources on thefirst secondary cell.

Clause 119. The method of any one of clauses 105-118, wherein a beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resource on the second secondary cellcomprises the first preamble and the random access channel resource.

Clause 120. The method of any one of clauses 105-119, wherein acandidate reference signal (RS) of the second secondary cell comprises aradio quality higher than a second threshold.

Clause 121. The method of clause 120, further comprising determining,based on a layer-1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP), the secondthreshold.

Clause 122. The method of any one of clauses 105-121, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate a deactivation timer ofthe second secondary cell.

Clause 123. The method of any one of clauses 105-122, further comprisingreceiving a first medium access control (MAC) control element (CE); andactivating, based on the receiving the first MAC CE, the secondsecondary cell.

Clause 124. The method of any one of clauses 105-123, further comprisingreceiving a second medium access control (MAC) control element (CE); anddeactivating, based on the receiving the second MAC CE, the secondsecondary cell.

Clause 125. The method of any one of clauses 105-124, further comprisingreceiving a first medium access control (MAC) control element (CE); andstarting, based on the receiving the first MAC CE, a deactivation timerof the second secondary cell.

Clause 126. The method of any one of clauses 105-125, wherein thedeactivating the second secondary cell comprises determining an expiryof a deactivation timer of the second secondary cell.

Clause 127. The method of any one of clauses 105-126, wherein thedeactivating the second secondary cell comprises deactivating, based onthe determining the expiry of the deactivation timer, the deactivationtimer of the second secondary cell.

Clause 128. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 105-127.

Clause 129. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 105-127; and a second computingdevice configured to send the one or more messages.

Clause 130. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses105-127.

Clause 131. A method comprising sending, by a base station and to awireless device, one or more messages comprising one or moreconfiguration parameters of a primary cell and a secondary cell.

Clause 132. The method of clause 131, further comprising receiving, viaa first random access channel resource of the primary cell and based ona beam failure of the secondary cell, a first preamble for a randomaccess procedure.

Clause 133. The method of any one of clauses 131-132, further comprisingdeactivating the secondary cell during the random access procedure.

Clause 134. The method of any one of clauses 131-133, further comprisingbased on the deactivating the secondary cell, aborting transmission of arandom access response for the random access procedure.

Clause 135. The method of any one of clauses 131-134, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters indicate one or more first referencesignals (RSs) of the secondary cell.

Clause 136. The method of any one of clauses 131-135, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate one or more secondreference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell and one or more beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 137. The method of any one of clauses 131-136, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate an association betweeneach of one or more second reference signals (RSs) of the secondary celland each of one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resourceson the primary cell.

Clause 138. The method of any one of clauses 131-137, wherein one ormore first reference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell comprise one ormore of: a first channel state information reference signal (CSI-RSs);or a first synchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 139. The method of any one of clauses 131-138, wherein one ormore second reference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell comprise oneor more of: a second channel state information reference signal(CSI-RSs); or a second synchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 140. The method of any one of clauses 131-139, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate a deactivation timer ofthe secondary cell.

Clause 141. The method of any one of clauses 131-140, wherein thedeactivating the secondary cell further comprises sending amedium-access control (MAC) control element (CE) to deactivate thesecondary cell.

Clause 142. The method of any one of clauses 131-141, wherein thedeactivating the secondary cell further comprises determining an expiryof a deactivation timer of the secondary cell.

Clause 143. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 131-142.

Clause 144. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 131-142; and a second computingdevice configured to receive the one or more messages.

Clause 145. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses131-142.

Clause 146. A method comprising receiving, by a wireless device, one ormore configuration parameters of a primary cell and a secondary cell.

Clause 147. The method of clause 146, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate a control resource set (coreset) onthe primary cell for beam failure recovery of the primary cell and thesecondary cell.

Clause 148. The method of any one of clauses 146-147, further comprisinginitiating, based on a first beam failure of the primary cell, a firstbeam failure recovery procedure by sending a first preamble.

Clause 149. The method of any one of clauses 146-148, further comprisingmonitoring the coreset for a first downlink control information (DCI)comprising a first resource grant for the primary cell.

Clause 150. The method of any one of clauses 146-149, further comprisingreceiving the first DCI.

Clause 151. The method of any one of clauses 146-150, further comprisingdetermining, based on the receiving the first DCI, that the first beamfailure recovery procedure has completed.

Clause 152. The method of any one of clauses 146-151, further comprisinginitiating, based on a second beam failure of the secondary cell, asecond beam failure recovery procedure by sending a second preamble.

Clause 153. The method of any one of clauses 146-152, further comprisingmonitoring the coreset for a second DCI comprising a second resourcegrant for the secondary cell.

Clause 154. The method of any one of clauses 146-153, further comprisingreceiving the second DCI.

Clause 155. The method of any one of clauses 146-154, further comprisingdetermining, based on the receiving the second DCI, that the second beamfailure recovery procedure has completed.

Clause 156. The method of any one of clauses 146-155, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate one or more firstreference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell.

Clause 157. The method of any one of clauses 146-156, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further comprise: one or more secondreference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell; and one or more beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 158. The method of any one of clauses 146-157, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate an association betweeneach of one or more second RSs of the secondary cell and each of one ormore BFRQ resources on the primary cell.

Clause 159. The method of any one of clauses 146-158, wherein one ormore first RSs of the secondary cell comprise one or more of: a firstchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a firstsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 160. The method of any one of clauses 146-159, wherein one ormore second RSs of the secondary cell comprise one or more of: a secondchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a secondsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 161. The method of any one of clauses 146-160, wherein thedetecting the second beam failure of the secondary cell comprisesdetermining, based on a block error rate (BLER), a first threshold; anddetermining that the one or more first RSs of the secondary cellcomprise a radio quality lower than the first threshold.

Clause 162. The method of any one of clauses 146-161, wherein theinitiating the second beam failure recovery procedure further comprisesselecting a candidate reference signals (RS) from one or more second RSsof the secondary cell, wherein the candidate RS is associated with abeam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resource of one or more BRFQresources on the primary cell.

Clause 163. The method of any one of clauses 146-162, wherein a beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resource on the primary cell comprisesthe second preamble and at least a first random access channel resource.

Clause 164. The method of any one of clauses 146-163, wherein acandidate reference signal (RS) of the secondary cell comprises a radioquality higher than a second threshold.

Clause 165. The method of clause 164, further comprising determining,based on a layer-1 reference signal received power (L1-RSRP), the secondthreshold.

Clause 166. The method of any one of clauses 146-165, wherein themonitoring the coreset for the second DCI comprises monitoring, for thesecond DCI, a downlink control channel in the coreset.

Clause 167. The method of any one of clauses 146-166, wherein the secondDCI comprises a cell-radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI)associated with the wireless device.

Clause 168. The method of any one of clauses 146-167, wherein the secondDCI is received on the coreset.

Clause 169. The method of any one of clauses 146-168, wherein the secondresource grant comprises a downlink assignment.

Clause 170. The method of any one of clauses 146-168, wherein the secondresource grant comprises an uplink grant.

Clause 171. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 146-170.

Clause 172. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 146-170; and a second computingdevice configured to receive the one or more configuration parameters.

Clause 173. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses146-170.

Clause 174. A method comprising receiving, by a wireless device, one ormore messages comprising one or more configuration parameters of aprimary cell and a secondary cell.

Clause 175. The method of clause 174, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate a control resource set (coreset), forthe primary cell and the secondary cell, on the primary cell.

Clause 176. The method of any one of clauses 174-175, further comprisinginitiating, based on a first beam failure, a first random accessprocedure for a first beam failure recovery of the primary cell.

Clause 177. The method of any one of clauses 174-176, further comprisingmonitoring the coreset for a first downlink control information (DCI)comprising a first resource grant for the primary cell.

Clause 178. The method of any one of clauses 174-177, further comprisingreceiving the first DCI in the coreset.

Clause 179. The method of any one of clauses 174-178, further comprisingdetermining, based on the receiving the first DCI in the coreset, thatthe first random access procedure has completed.

Clause 180. The method of any one of clauses 174-179, further comprisinginitiating, based on a second beam failure, a second random accessprocedure for a second beam failure recovery of the secondary cell.

Clause 181. The method of any one of clauses 174-180, further comprisingmonitoring the coreset for a second DCI comprising a second resourcegrant for the secondary cell.

Clause 182. The method of any one of clauses 174-181, further comprisingreceiving the second DCI in the coreset.

Clause 183. The method of any one of clauses 174-182, further comprisingdetermining, based on the receiving the second DCI in the coreset, thatthe second random access procedure has completed.

Clause 184. The method of any one of clauses 174-183, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate one or more referencesignals (RSs) of the secondary cell for detecting the second beamfailure of the secondary cell.

Clause 185. The method of any one of clauses 174-184, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further comprise: one or more secondreference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell; and one or more beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 186. The method of any one of clauses 174-185, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate an association betweeneach of one or more second RSs of the secondary cells and each of one ormore BFRQ resources on the primary cell.

Clause 187. The method of any one of clauses 174-186, wherein the one ormore first reference signals (RSs) comprise one or more of: a firstchannel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); or a firstsynchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 188. The method of any one of clauses 174-187, wherein the one ormore second reference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell comprise oneor more of: a second channel state information reference signal(CSI-RS); or a second synchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 189. The method of any one of clauses 174-188, wherein thedetecting the second beam failure further comprises: determining, basedon a block error rate (BLER), a first threshold; and determining thatone or more first RSs of the secondary cell comprises a radio qualitylower than the first threshold.

Clause 190. The method of any one of clauses 174-189, further comprisingdetecting, based on a block error rate (BLER), the beam failure of thesecondary cell.

Clause 191. The method of any one of clauses 174-190, wherein theinitiating the first random access procedure further comprises selectinga candidate reference signal (RS) from one or more second RSs of thesecondary cell, wherein the candidate RS is associated with a beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resource of one or more BRFQ resourceson the primary cell.

Clause 192. The method of any one of clauses 174-191, wherein a beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resource on the primary cell comprises afirst preamble and the first random access channel resource.

Clause 193. The method of any one of clauses 174-192, wherein the firstrandom access channel resource comprises one or more of: a time resourceon the primary cell; or a frequency resource on the primary cell.

Clause 194. The method of any one of clauses 174-193, furthercomprising: determining, based on layer-1 reference signal receivedpower (L1-RSRP), a second threshold; and selecting a candidate RS fromone or more second RSs of the secondary cell, wherein the selected RScomprises a radio quality higher than the second threshold.

Clause 195. The method of any one of clauses 174-194, wherein themonitoring the coreset for the second DCI comprises monitoring adownlink control channel in the coreset.

Clause 196. The method of any one of clauses 174-195, wherein the secondDCI comprises a cell-radio network temporary identifier (C-RNTI)associated with the wireless device.

Clause 197. The method of any one of clauses 174-196, wherein the secondDCI is received on the coreset.

Clause 198. The method of any one of clauses 174-197, wherein the secondresource grant comprises a downlink assignment.

Clause 199. The method of any one of clauses 174-198, wherein the secondresource grant comprises an uplink grant.

Clause 200. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 174-199.

Clause 201. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 174-199; and a second computingdevice configured to receive the one or more messages.

Clause 202. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses174-199.

Clause 203. A method comprising receiving, by a wireless device from abase station, one or more messages comprising one or more configurationparameters of a primary cell and a secondary cell.

Clause 204. The method of clause 203, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters indicate a control resource set (coreset), forthe primary cell and the secondary cell, on the primary cell.

Clause 205. The method of any one of clauses 203-204, further comprisinginitiating, based on one or more beam failures, one or more randomaccess procedures for one or more beam failure recoveries of the primarycell and the secondary cell.

Clause 206. The method of any one of clauses 203-205, further comprisingmonitoring the coreset for one or more sets of downlink controlinformation (DCI).

Clause 207. The method of any one of clauses 203-206, further comprisingreceiving the one or more sets of DCI in the coreset.

Clause 208. The method of any one of clauses 203-207, further comprisingdetermining, based on the receiving the one or more sets of DCI in thecoreset, that the one or more random access procedures have completed.

Clause 209. The method of any one of clauses 203-208, further comprisingwherein the monitoring the coreset for the one or more sets of DCIfurther comprise monitoring a downlink control channel in the coresetfor the one or more sets of DCI.

Clause 210. The method of any one of clauses 203-209, wherein the one ormore sets of DCI comprise a cell-radio network temporary identifier(C-RNTI) associated with the wireless device.

Clause 211. The method of any one of clauses 203-210, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate one or more firstreference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell.

Clause 212. The method of any one of clauses 203-211, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more secondreference signals RSs of the secondary cell; and one or more beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resources on the primary cell.

Clause 213. The method of any one of clauses 203-212, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate an association betweeneach of one or more second reference signals (RSs) of the secondary celland each of one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resourceson the primary cell.

Clause 214. The method of any one of clauses 203-213, wherein one ormore first reference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell comprise one ormore of: a first channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); ora first synchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 215. The method of any one of clauses 203-214, wherein one ormore second reference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell comprise oneor more of: a second channel state information reference signal(CSI-RS); or a second synchronization signal (SS) block.

Clause 216. The method of any one of clauses 203-215, wherein a randomaccess channel resource on the primary cell comprises one or more of: atime resource on the primary cell; or a frequency resource on theprimary cell.

Clause 217. The method of any one of clauses 203-216, further comprisingdetermining, based on a layer-1 reference signal received power(L1-RSRP), the second threshold.

Clause 218. The method of any one of clauses 203-217, wherein themonitoring the coreset for the one or more sets of downlink controlinformation (DCI) comprises monitoring a downlink control channel in thecoreset.

Clause 219. A computing device comprising: one or more processors; andmemory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the computingdevice to perform the method of any one of clauses 203-218.

Clause 220. A system comprising: a first computing device configured toperform the method of any one of clauses 203-218; and a second computingdevice configured to receive the one or more messages.

Clause 221. A computer-readable medium storing instructions that, whenexecuted, cause the performance of the method of any one of clauses203-218.

FIG. 35 shows general hardware elements that may be used to implementany of the various computing devices discussed herein, including, e.g.,the base station 120A and/or 120B, the wireless device 110 (e.g., 110Aand/or 110B), or any other base station, wireless device, or computingdevice described herein. The computing device 3500 may include one ormore processors 3501, which may execute instructions stored in therandom access memory (RAM) 3503, the removable media 3504 (such as aUniversal Serial Bus (USB) drive, compact disk (CD) or digital versatiledisk (DVD), or floppy disk drive), or any other desired storage medium.Instructions may also be stored in an attached (or internal) hard drive3505. The computing device 3500 may also include a security processor(not shown), which may execute instructions of one or more computerprograms to monitor the processes executing on the processor 3501 andany process that requests access to any hardware and/or softwarecomponents of the computing device 3500 (e.g., ROM 3502, RAM 3503, theremovable media 3504, the hard drive 3505, the device controller 3507, anetwork interface 3509, a GPS 3511, a Bluetooth interface 3512, a WiFiinterface 3513, etc.). The computing device XX00 may include one or moreoutput devices, such as the display 3506 (e.g., a screen, a displaydevice, a monitor, a television, etc.), and may include one or moreoutput device controllers 3507, such as a video processor. There mayalso be one or more user input devices 3508, such as a remote control,keyboard, mouse, touch screen, microphone, etc. The computing device3500 may also include one or more network interfaces, such as a networkinterface 3509, which may be a wired interface, a wireless interface, ora combination of the two. The network interface 3509 may provide aninterface for the computing device 3500 to communicate with a network3510 (e.g., a RAN, or any other network). The network interface 3509 mayinclude a modem (e.g., a cable modem), and the external network 3510 mayinclude communication links, an external network, an in-home network, aprovider's wireless, coaxial, fiber, or hybrid fiber/coaxialdistribution system (e.g., a DOCSIS network), or any other desirednetwork. Additionally, the computing device 3500 may include alocation-detecting device, such as a global positioning system (GPS)microprocessor 3511, which may be configured to receive and processglobal positioning signals and determine, with possible assistance froman external server and antenna, a geographic position of the computingdevice 3500.

The example in FIG. 35 may be a hardware configuration, although thecomponents shown may be implemented as software as well. Modificationsmay be made to add, remove, combine, divide, etc. components of thecomputing device 3500 as desired. Additionally, the components may beimplemented using basic computing devices and components, and the samecomponents (e.g., processor 3501, ROM storage 3502, display 3506, etc.)may be used to implement any of the other computing devices andcomponents described herein. For example, the various componentsdescribed herein may be implemented using computing devices havingcomponents such as a processor executing computer-executableinstructions stored on a computer-readable medium, as shown in FIG. 35.Some or all of the entities described herein may be software based, andmay co-exist in a common physical platform (e.g., a requesting entitymay be a separate software process and program from a dependent entity,both of which may be executed as software on a common computing device).

The disclosed mechanisms herein may be performed if certain criteria aremet, for example, in a wireless device, a base station, a radioenvironment, a network, a combination of the above, and/or the like.Example criteria may be based on, for example, wireless device and/ornetwork node configurations, traffic load, initial system set up, packetsizes, traffic characteristics, a combination of the above, and/or thelike. If the one or more criteria are met, various examples may be used.It may be possible to implement examples that selectively implementdisclosed protocols.

A base station may communicate with a mix of wireless devices. Wirelessdevices and/or base stations may support multiple technologies, and/ormultiple releases of the same technology. Wireless devices may have somespecific capability(ies) depending on wireless device category and/orcapability(ies). A base station may comprise multiple sectors. A basestation communicating with a plurality of wireless devices may refer tobase station communicating with a subset of the total wireless devicesin a coverage area. Wireless devices referred to herein may correspondto a plurality of wireless devices of a particular LTE or 5G releasewith a given capability and in a given sector of a base station. Aplurality of wireless devices may refer to a selected plurality ofwireless devices, and/or a subset of total wireless devices in acoverage area. Such devices may operate, function, and/or perform basedon or according to drawings and/or descriptions, and/or the like. Theremay be a plurality of base stations or a plurality of wireless devicesin a coverage area that may not comply with the disclosed methods, forexample, because those wireless devices and/or base stations performbased on older releases of LTE or 5G technology.

One or more features of the description may be implemented in acomputer-usable data and/or computer-executable instructions, such as inone or more program modules, executed by one or more computers or otherdevices. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects,components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks orimplement particular abstract data types when executed by a processor ina computer or other data processing device. The computer executableinstructions may be stored on one or more computer readable media suchas a hard disk, optical disk, removable storage media, solid statememory, RAM, etc. The functionality of the program modules may becombined or distributed as desired. The functionality may be implementedin whole or in part in firmware or hardware equivalents such asintegrated circuits, field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), and thelike. Particular data structures may be used to more effectivelyimplement one or more features of the description, and such datastructures are contemplated within the scope of computer executableinstructions and computer-usable data described herein.

Many of the elements in examples may be implemented as modules. A modulemay be an isolatable element that performs a defined function and has adefined interface to other elements. The modules may be implemented inhardware, software in combination with hardware, firmware, wetware(i.e., hardware with a biological element) or a combination thereof, allof which may be behaviorally equivalent. For example, modules may beimplemented as a software routine written in a computer languageconfigured to be executed by a hardware machine (such as C, C++,Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab or the like) or a modeling/simulationprogram such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, or LabVIEWMathScript.Additionally or alternatively, it may be possible to implement modulesusing physical hardware that incorporates discrete or programmableanalog, digital and/or quantum hardware. Examples of programmablehardware may comprise: computers, microcontrollers, microprocessors,application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs); field programmablegate arrays (FPGAs); and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs).Computers, microcontrollers, and microprocessors may be programmed usinglanguages such as assembly, C, C++ or the like. FPGAs, ASICs, and CPLDsmay be programmed using hardware description languages (HDL), such asVHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) or Verilog, which mayconfigure connections between internal hardware modules with lesserfunctionality on a programmable device. The above-mentioned technologiesmay be used in combination to achieve the result of a functional module.

A non-transitory tangible computer readable media may compriseinstructions executable by one or more processors configured to causeoperations of multi-carrier communications described herein. An articleof manufacture may comprise a non-transitory tangible computer readablemachine-accessible medium having instructions encoded thereon forenabling programmable hardware to cause a device (e.g., a wirelessdevice, wireless communicator, a wireless device, a base station, andthe like) to allow operation of multi-carrier communications describedherein. The device, or one or more devices such as in a system, mayinclude one or more processors, memory, interfaces, and/or the like.Other examples may comprise communication networks comprising devicessuch as base stations, wireless devices or user equipment (wirelessdevice), servers, switches, antennas, and/or the like. A network maycomprise any wireless technology, including but not limited to,cellular, wireless, WiFi, 4G, 5G, any generation of 3GPP or othercellular standard or recommendation, wireless local area networks,wireless personal area networks, wireless ad hoc networks, wirelessmetropolitan area networks, wireless wide area networks, global areanetworks, space networks, and any other network using wirelesscommunications. Any device (e.g., a wireless device, a base station, orany other device) or combination of devices may be used to perform anycombination of one or more of steps described herein, including, forexample, any complementary step or steps of one or more of the abovesteps.

Although examples are described above, features and/or steps of thoseexamples may be combined, divided, omitted, rearranged, revised, and/oraugmented in any desired manner Various alterations, modifications, andimprovements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Suchalterations, modifications, and improvements are intended to be part ofthis description, though not expressly stated herein, and are intendedto be within the spirit and scope of the description. Accordingly, theforegoing description is by way of example only, and is not limiting.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving, by a wirelessdevice, one or more messages comprising one or more configurationparameters of a primary cell and a secondary cell, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters indicate: a first preamble for a firstbeam failure recovery (BFR) procedure of the primary cell; a secondpreamble for a second BFR procedure of the secondary cell, wherein thefirst preamble is different from the second preamble; and atime-frequency resource associated with the primary cell associated withthe first BFR procedure and the second BFR procedure; sending, based ona first beam failure associated with the primary cell, the firstpreamble via the time-frequency resource associated with the primarycell to perform the first BFR procedure; and sending, based on a secondbeam failure associated with the secondary cell, the second preamble viathe time-frequency resource associated with the primary cell to performthe second BFR procedure.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more firstreference signals (RSs) of the secondary cell; one or more second RSs ofthe secondary cell; or one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ)resources associated with the primary cell.
 3. The method of claim 1,wherein the one or more configuration parameters further comprise one ormore of: a first channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS); ora first synchronization signal (SS) block.
 4. The method of claim 1,wherein the one or more configuration parameters further comprise one ormore of: a second channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS);or a second synchronization signal (SS) block.
 5. The method of claim 1,wherein the detecting the second beam failure associated with thesecondary cell further comprises: determining that one or more firstreference signals (RSs) comprise a radio quality lower than a firstthreshold.
 6. The method of claim 1, further comprising: detecting,based on a block error rate (BLER), the second beam failure associatedwith the secondary cell.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the sendingthe second preamble via the time-frequency resource further comprises:selecting a candidate reference signals (RS) from one or more second RSsof the secondary cell, wherein the selected candidate RS is associatedwith a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resource; and afterselecting the candidate RS, sending the second preamble.
 8. The methodof claim 1, wherein a candidate reference signals (RS) from one or moresecond RSs of the secondary cell comprises a radio quality higher than asecond threshold.
 9. The method of claim 9, further comprising:determining, based on a layer-1 reference signal received power(L1-RSRP), the second threshold.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein thetime-frequency resource comprises one or more of: a time resourceassociated with the primary cell; or a frequency resource associatedwith the primary cell.
 11. A method comprising: receiving, by a wirelessdevice, one or more messages comprising one or more configurationparameters of a primary cell and a secondary cell, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters indicate: a first random access resourceparameter for a first beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure of theprimary cell, wherein the first random access resource parametercomprises: a first parameter indicating a first time-frequency resourceassociated with the primary cell; and a first index indicating a firstpreamble; and a second random access resource parameter for a second BFRprocedure of the secondary cell, wherein the second random accessresource parameter comprises: a second parameter indicating the firsttime-frequency resource; and a second index indicating a second preamblethat is different from the first preamble; sending the first preamblevia the first time-frequency resource of the primary cell to perform thefirst BFR procedure; and sending the second preamble via the firsttime-frequency resource of the primary cell to perform the second BFRprocedure.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein sending the firstpreamble via the first time-frequency resource further comprises:detecting a first beam failure associated with the primary cell; andsending, based on the detecting the first beam failure, the firstpreamble.
 13. The method of claim 11, wherein sending the secondpreamble via the first time-frequency resource further comprises:detecting a second beam failure associated with the secondary cell; andsending, based on the detecting the second beam failure, the secondpreamble.
 14. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or moreconfiguration parameters further indicate: one or more first referencesignals (RSs) of the secondary cell; one or more second RSs of thesecondary cell; or one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ)resources associated with the primary cell.
 15. The method of claim 11,wherein the one or more configuration parameters further indicate anassociation between each of one or more second reference signals (RSs)of the secondary cell and each of one or more beam failure recoveryrequest (BFRQ) resources.
 16. The method of claim 11, wherein at leastone of one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resourcescomprises the second preamble and the first time-frequency resource. 17.A method comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, one or moremessages comprising one or more configuration parameters of a primarycell and a secondary cell, wherein the one or more configurationparameters indicate: a first random access resource for a first beamfailure recovery (BFR) procedure of the primary cell, the first randomaccess resource comprising a first time-frequency resource of theprimary cell and a first preamble; and a second random access resourcefor a second BFR procedure of the secondary cell, the second randomaccess resource comprising a second time-frequency resource of theprimary cell and a second preamble, wherein: the first preamble isdifferent from the second preamble; and the first time-frequencyresource is the same as the second time-frequency resource; sending,based on a first beam failure associated with the primary cell, thefirst preamble via the first time-frequency resource to perform thefirst BFR procedure; and sending, based on a second beam failureassociated with the secondary cell, the second preamble via the secondtime-frequency resource to perform the second BFR procedure.
 18. Themethod of claim 17, wherein the one or more configuration parametersfurther indicate one or more reference signals (RSs) of the secondarycell, and wherein the determining the second beam failure associatedwith the secondary cell further comprises: determining, based on a blockerror rate (BLER), a first threshold; and determining that the one ormore RSs of the secondary cell comprise a radio quality lower than thefirst threshold.
 19. The method of claim 17, wherein the secondtime-frequency resource comprises one or more of: a time resourceassociated with the primary cell; or a frequency resource associatedwith the primary cell.
 20. The method of claim 17, wherein the one ormore configuration parameters further indicate: one or more thirdreference signals (RSs) of the primary cell; one or more fourthreference signals (RSs) of the primary cell; or one or more second beamfailure recovery request (BFRQ) resources associated with the primarycell.